Define sensitivity.

Define sensitivity.
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1 Answer

Answer :

Sensitivity is defined as the percentage or fractional change in output current per percentage or fractional change in power-supply voltage.
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Stacking antenna elements A. increases sensitivity to weak signals B. will suppress odd harmonics C. decrease signal to noise ratio D. increases selectivity

Description : Stacking antenna elements A. increases sensitivity to weak signals B. will suppress odd harmonics C. decrease signal to noise ratio D. increases selectivity

Last Answer : A. increases sensitivity to weak signals

Comparing the signal strength arriving at the driven element from the desired direction to the signal strength reaching the driver from the opposite direction. A. Directivity B. Sensitivity C. Beamwidth D. Front-to-back ratio

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ECE Board Exam March 1996 What is the purpose of the receiver’s squelch circuit? A. To overcome fluctuations in the level the RF signal arriving at the receiver antenna B. To prevent fluctuations in the AGC bias level C. To reduce the receiver’s sensitivity to all incoming signals D. To prevent amplified noise from reaching the loudspeaker during the absence of an incoming signal

Description : ECE Board Exam March 1996 What is the purpose of the receiver's squelch circuit? A. To overcome fluctuations in the level the RF signal arriving at the receiver antenna B. To prevent ... signals D. To prevent amplified noise from reaching the loudspeaker during the absence of an incoming signal

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Description : Define: (i) Accuracy  (ii) Sensitivity

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Description : Define sensitivity with graph.

Last Answer : Define sensitivity with graph.

Define selectivity and sensitivity of AM Receiver.

Description : Define selectivity and sensitivity of AM Receiver. 

Last Answer : Selectivity:-It needs to accept signals of the wanted frequency and reject other unwanted frequencies. Sensitivity:-The sensitivity of a radio receiver is its ability to amplify weak signals. It is ... the receiver input terminals to give a standard output power, measured at the output terminals. 

Define : (i) Sensitivity (ii) Repeatability

Description : Define : (i) Sensitivity (ii) Repeatability  

Last Answer : Definition:  (i) Sensitivity: It is the smallest change in the value of the measured variable to which an instrument responds.  (ii) Repeatability: It is the closeness of agreement ... same value of input under the same operating conditions, approaching the measurement from the same direction.

Define - (i) Drift (ii) Sensitivity

Description : Define - (i) Drift (ii) Sensitivity

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Define: i) Sensitivity ii) Linearity

Description : Define: i) Sensitivity ii) Linearity

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Description : Define i) Sensitivity and ii) Resolution

Last Answer : i. Sensitivity: The ratio of change in output of an instrument to the change in input is known as sensitivity. Sensitivity = Change in output/ Change in input  ii)Resolution:- Resolution ... The smallest change in a measured variable to which an instrument will respond is called resolution. 

Define following terms related to measuring instruments: i) Sensitivity ii) Selectivity.

Description : Define following terms related to measuring instruments: i) Sensitivity ii) Selectivity.

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Define Piezoelectric effect.

Description : Define Piezoelectric effect.

Last Answer : When applying mechanical energy to some type of crystals called piezoelectric crystals the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy is called piezoelectric effect.

Define non-inverting amplifier?

Description : Define non-inverting amplifier?

Last Answer : The input is applied to the non-inverting input terminal and the inverting terminal connected to the ground.

Define slew rate?

Description : Define slew rate?

Last Answer : Slew rate can be defined as the maximum rate of change of output voltage of op-amp with respect to time.

Define input bias current?

Description : Define input bias current?

Last Answer : It is defined as the average of the currents entering into the input terminals of an op-amp.

Define input offset current?

Description : Define input offset current?

Last Answer : It is defined as the algebraic difference between the current entering the inverting and non-inverting terminal of an op-amp.

Define input offset voltage?

Description : Define input offset voltage?

Last Answer : It is defined as the voltage that must be applied between the input terminals of an op-amp to nullify the output.

Define loading?

Description : Define loading?

Last Answer : A large value of Rc cannot be used in a circuit since,a large value of resistance requires a large chip area.For large Rc, quiescent drop across it increases and hence a large power supply is required ... source can also be used as an active load for an amplifier to obtain a very large voltage gain.

Define current amplification factor?

Description : Define current amplification factor?

Last Answer : It is defined as the ratio of change in output current to the change in input current at constant other side voltage.

Define PIV .

Description : Define PIV .

Last Answer : Peak inverse voltage is the maximum reverse voltage that can be applied to the PN junction without damage to the junction.

Define the term diffusion current?

Description : Define the term diffusion current?

Last Answer : A concentration gradient exists, if the number of either electrons or holes is greater in one region of a semiconductor as compared to the rest of the region. The holes and electron ... concentration. This process in called diffusion and the current produced due this movement is diffusion current.

Define drift current?

Description : Define drift current?

Last Answer : When an electric field is applied across the semiconductor, the holes move towards the negative terminal of the battery and electron move towards the positive terminal of the battery. This drift movement of charge carriers will result in a current termed as drift current.

Define Monostable Multivibrators

Description : Define Monostable Multivibrators

Last Answer : The monostable multivibrator or one –shot requires an external signal called a trigger to force the circuitinto a quasi stable state for a particular time or delay.

Define Astable Multivibrators.

Description : Define Astable Multivibrators.

Last Answer : The astable Multivibrators toggles between one state and the other without the influence of any other external control signal. It is also called as free running multivibrator.

Define Multivibrators. Mention its types.

Description : Define Multivibrators. Mention its types.

Last Answer : Multivibrators are regenerative circuits, Which are mainly used in timing applications. Based on their operational characteristics they can be classified into • Astable Multivibrators • Monostable Multivibrators • Bistable Multivibrators

Define load regulation.

Description : Define load regulation.

Last Answer : Load regulation is defined as the change in output voltage for a change in load current. It is expressed in millivolts or as a percentage of the output voltage. 

Define line regulation.

Description : Define line regulation.

Last Answer : Line regulation is defined as the percentage change in the output voltage for a change in the input voltage.It is expressed in millivolts or as a percentage of the output voltage. 

Define slope overload noise and granular noise.

Description : Define slope overload noise and granular noise.

Last Answer : Slope overload noise is introduced due to the use of a step size delta is too small To follow some portions of the waveform with a step size.   Granular noise results from using a step size that is too large in parts of the waveform having a small slope. 

Define Delta modulation.

Description : Define Delta modulation. 

Last Answer : Delta modulation is a technique in which derivative of the signal is quantized. The delta modulation shows slope overload for fast input signals and their performance is dependent on input signal frequency.

Define Dither.

Description : Define Dither.

Last Answer : It is a very small amount of random noise(white noise) which is added to the input before A/D conversion to improve the performance of A/D converter.

Define quantization error.

Description : Define quantization error.

Last Answer : In A/D converter the smallest digital step is due to the LSB and it can be made smaller only by increasing the number of bits in the digital representation. This error is called quantization error.

Define sample period and hold period.

Description : Define sample period and hold period.

Last Answer : The time during which the voltage across the capacitor in sample and hold circuit is equal to the input voltage is called sample period.The time period during which the voltage across the capacitor is held constant is called hold period. 

Define accuracy of converter.

Description : Define accuracy of converter.

Last Answer : Absolute accuracy: It is the maximum deviation between the actual converter output & the ideal converter output.  Relative accuracy: It is the maximum deviation after gain & offset errors have been removed. ... of a converter is also specified in form of LSB increments or % of full scale voltage.

Define resolution of a data converter.

Description : Define resolution of a data converter.

Last Answer : The resolution of a converter is the smallest change in voltage which may be produced at the output or input of the converter. Resolution (in volts)= VFS/2n-1=1 LSB increment. The resolution of an ADC is defined as the smallest change in analog input for a one bit change at the output.

Define conversion time.

Description : Define conversion time.

Last Answer : conversion time of a successive approximation type ADC is given by  T(n+1)  where T---clock period  Tc---conversion time  n----no. of bits

Define Voltage to Frequency conversion factor.

Description : Define Voltage to Frequency conversion factor. 

Last Answer : Voltage to Frequency conversion factor is defined as,  Kv = fo / Vc= 8fo /Vcc  Vc is the modulation voltage  fo frequency shift

Define free running mode .

Description : Define free running mode .

Last Answer : An interactive computer mode that allows more than one user to have simultaneous use of a program.

Define Pull-in time.

Description : Define Pull-in time.

Last Answer : The total time taken by the PLL to establish lok is called pull-in time.It depends on the initial phase and frequency difference between the two signals as well as on the overall loop gain and loop filter characteristics

Define capture range of PLL.

Description : Define capture range of PLL.

Last Answer : The range of frequencies over which the PLL can acquire lock with an input signal is called the capture range. It is expressed as a percentage of the VCO free running frequency.

Define lock-in range of a PLL.

Description : Define lock-in range of a PLL.

Last Answer : The range of frequencies over which the PLL can maintain lock with the incoming signal is called the lock-in range or tracking range. It is expressed as a percentage of theVCO free running frequency.

Define FSK modulation.

Description : Define FSK modulation.

Last Answer : FSK is a type of frequency modulation ,in which the binary data or code is transmitted by means of a carrier frequency that is shifted between two fixed frequency namely mark(logic1) and space frequency(logic 0).

Define High pass filter.

Description : Define High pass filter.

Last Answer : A low pass filter allows only high frequency signals upto a certain break point fH to pass through

Define low pass filter.

Description : Define low pass filter.

Last Answer : A low pass filter allows only low frequency signals upto a certain break point fH to pass through.

Define Logarithmic and antilogarithmic amplifier.

Description : Define Logarithmic and antilogarithmic amplifier. 

Last Answer : When a logarithmic PN junction is used in the feedback network of op-amp, the circuit exhibits log or antilog response. The logarithmic amplifier is a current to voltage converter with the ... converts the logarithmically encoded signal back to the original signal levels as given by vl=vR10-kvi

Define Bandpass filter.

Description : Define Bandpass filter.

Last Answer : The bandpass filter is the combination of high and low pass filters, and this allows a specified range of frequencies to pass through.

Define slew rate.

Description : Define slew rate.

Last Answer : The slew rate is defined as the maximum rate of change of output Voltage caused by a step input voltage.An ideal slew rate is infinite which means that op-amp’s output voltage should change instantaneously in response to input step voltage.

Define CMRR of an op-amp.

Description : Define CMRR of an op-amp.

Last Answer : The relative sensitivity of an op-amp to a difference signal as compared to a common – mode signal is called the common –mode rejection ratio. It is expressed in decibels. CMRR= Ad/Ac

Define input offset current. State the reasons for the offset currents at the input of the op-amp.

Description : Define input offset current. State the reasons for the offset currents at the input of the op-amp.

Last Answer : The difference between the bias currents at the input terminals of the op-amp is called as input offset current. The input terminals conduct a small value of dc current to bias the input transistors.Since the input transistors cannot be made identical,there exists a difference in bias currents.