Ortho and paranitrophenols are more acidic than phanel. Draw the resonance structures of the corresponding phonoxide ion.

Ortho and paranitrophenols are more acidic than phanel. Draw the resonance structures of the corresponding phonoxide ion.
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Ans:- Electronwithdrawal by nitro group makes the plenoxide ion more resonance stabilized and so the strength of phenel increases.
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Related questions

While separating a mixture of ortho and para-nitro phenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile. Give reasons.

Description : While separating a mixture of ortho and para-nitro phenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile. Give reasons.

Last Answer : In o-nitrophenol, there is intramolecular hydrogen bonding as follows : In p-nitrophenol, there is intramolecular hydrogen bonding as follows :   Due to intermolecular H ... -nitrophenol. Hence o-nitraphenol due to its lower b. p. is steam volatile while pnitrophenol is not.

Why phenol is acidic ?

Description : Why phenol is acidic ?

Last Answer :  Ans: In phenol dissociation takes place as follows.   The conjugate base of phenol ie. Phenoxide ion is resonance stabilized. This is why the negative charge on oxygen atom is ... ion has less tendency to form undissociated phenol molecule and equilibrium lies towards right direction.  

Alcohols are easily protonated than phenols. Justify.

Description : Alcohols are easily protonated than phenols. Justify.

Last Answer : Ans. In phenols lone pair of electrons on the oxygen atom are delocalised over the benzene ring due to resonance and hence are not easily available for protonation. In contrast in alcohols, ... oxygen atom are localized due to absence of resonance and hence are easily available for protonation. 

Phenol has smaller dipole moment than methanol. (OR) Why are dipole moments of phenols smaller than dipole moments of alcohols ?

Description : Phenol has smaller dipole moment than methanol. (OR) Why are dipole moments of phenols smaller than dipole moments of alcohols ?

Last Answer : Due to electron-withdrawing effect of the benzene ring, the C — O bond in phenol is less polar but in case of methanol due to electron-donating effect of — CH3 group, C — O bond is more polar.

Why is it that secondary alcohols can only undergo a single oxidation step in contrast to primary alcohols?

Description : Why is it that secondary alcohols can only undergo a single oxidation step in contrast to primary alcohols?

Last Answer : 1. Once the oxidation has reached the ketone stage, (primary alcohols on oxidation yield aldehyde where as secondary alcohols on oxidation yield a ketone), it is impossible to put more oxygen atoms on the relevant carbon atom without rupturing the backbone of the molecule.

Alcohols acts as weak bases. Explain.

Description : Alcohols acts as weak bases. Explain.

Last Answer : The oxygen atom of the hydroxyl group has two lone pairs of electrons. Therefore alcohols accept a proton from strong mineral acid to form oxonium ions. Hence act as weak bases.

Phenols do not undergo substitution of the — OH group like alcohols. Explain.

Description : Phenols do not undergo substitution of the — OH group like alcohols. Explain.

Last Answer : The C — O bond in phenols has some double bond character due to resonance and hence cannot be easily cleaved by a nucleophile. In contrast, the C — O bond in alcohols is a pure single bond and hence can be easily cleaved by a nucleo phile.

Ethers are cleaved by acids not by based. Why ?

Description : Ethers are cleaved by acids not by based. Why ? 

Last Answer : The C - O - C bond in ethers like the C - OH bond in alcohols is quite strong. In order to weaken it, the oxygen atom must be protonated. A subsequent nucleophile attack by a strong ... protonation of O atom of ether and therefore only acids can bring about the cleavage of ethers and not bases.

How an — OH group attached to carbon in the benzene ring activates benzene towards electrophilic substitution ?

Description : How an — OH group attached to carbon in the benzene ring activates benzene towards electrophilic substitution ?

Last Answer : The lone pair of electrons present on oxygen atom enter into resonance with the benzene ring. As a result, the electron density becomes higher at o- and p- position and due to higher electron density, the ring gets activated towards electrophilic substitution.

Di-tert butyl ether cannot be made by Williamson’s synthesis. Explain why ?

Description : Di-tert butyl ether cannot be made by Williamson’s synthesis. Explain why ?

Last Answer : Ans. To prepare di tert-butyl ether by Williamson's synthesis, we need tert-butyl bromide and Sodium tertiary butoxide. Since tert-butyl bromide being 3°-alkyl halide prefers to ... rather than substitution, therefore the product obtained is isobutylene rather than ditertiary butyl ether.

Why are Grignard reagents soluble in ether but not in benzene ?

Description : Why are Grignard reagents soluble in ether but not in benzene ? 

Last Answer : Ans. Grignard reagents from co-ordination complexes with ether but not benzene since the former has lone pair of electrons but the later does not.

Name the products obtained when anisole is treated with HI.

Description : Name the products obtained when anisole is treated with HI.

Last Answer : Ans. Phenol and methyl iodide. 

What is usually added to ethyl alcohol to make it unfit for drinking purposes ?

Description : What is usually added to ethyl alcohol to make it unfit for drinking purposes ?

Last Answer : Ans. Methanol and Pyridine. 

What is the main product obtained when vapours of t-butyl alcohol are passed over copper at 300° ?

Description : What is the main product obtained when vapours of t-butyl alcohol are passed over copper at 300° ?

Last Answer : Ans. Isobutylene (2-Methyl propene) 

Which of the following statements is false about toluene? (a) can be prepared by treating benzene with methyl chloride in the presence of AlCl3. (b) is converted to benzoic acid on refluxing with acidic KMnO4 solution. (c) on refluxing with concentrated H2SO4 gives a mixture of ortho and para toluenesulfonic acid. (d) can be nitrated with concentrated nitric acid to give a mixture of ortho and meta nitrotoluene.

Description : Which of the following statements is false about toluene? (a) can be prepared by treating benzene with methyl chloride in the presence of AlCl3. (b) is converted to benzoic acid on refluxing with ... (d) can be nitrated with concentrated nitric acid to give a mixture of ortho and meta nitrotoluene.

Last Answer : can be nitrated with concentrated nitric acid to give a mixture of ortho and meta nitrotoluene

In an alkyl halide substitution of hydrogen by deuterium results in slow formation of ion pair. This is known as? a. Ortho effect b. Mesomeric effect c. Secondary kinetic isotope effect d. Primary kinetic isotope effect

Description : In an alkyl halide substitution of hydrogen by deuterium results in slow formation of ion pair. This is known as? a. Ortho effect b. Mesomeric effect c. Secondary kinetic isotope effect d. Primary kinetic isotope effect

Last Answer : c. Secondary kinetic isotope effect

Electron-withdrawing groups are meta directors because : (a) the carbonium ion intermediate has a negative charge on the meta position. (b) the more stable resonance hybrid occurs with meta attachment of the electrophile. (c) the less stable resonance hybrid occurs with meta attachment of the electrophile. (d) the carbonium ion intermediate has a positive charge on the meta position

Description : Electron-withdrawing groups are meta directors because : (a) the carbonium ion intermediate has a negative charge on the meta position. (b) the more stable resonance hybrid occurs with meta ... the electrophile. (d) the carbonium ion intermediate has a positive charge on the meta position

Last Answer : the more stable resonance hybrid occurs with meta attachment of the electrophile.

Why does a H+ ion attacking a carbon-carbon double bond add to the carbon with the least number of substituents? (a) the reaction is resonance stabilized. (b) the hybrid geometry favors this process. (c) nucleophile tends to attack stable centers of negative charge. (d) a more stable carbonium ion is generated.

Description : Why does a H+ ion attacking a carbon-carbon double bond add to the carbon with the least number of substituents? (a) the reaction is resonance stabilized. (b) the hybrid geometry favors this ... tends to attack stable centers of negative charge. (d) a more stable carbonium ion is generated.

Last Answer : a more stable carbonium ion is generated.

Phenol is acidic because of (a) Resonance (b) Electromeric effect (c) Inductive effect (d) Peroxide effect

Description : Phenol is acidic because of (a) Resonance (b) Electromeric effect (c) Inductive effect (d) Peroxide effect

Last Answer : Resonance

Which of the following is not a correct statement concerning the FriedelCrafts acylation of benzene? (a) An alkyl group substitutes for a hydrogen. (b) The benzene ring attacks an acylium ion. (c) The acylium ion is resonance stabilized. (d) The acylium ion is often produced from an acyl chloride.

Description : Which of the following is not a correct statement concerning the FriedelCrafts acylation of benzene? (a) An alkyl group substitutes for a hydrogen. (b) The benzene ring attacks an acylium ion. (c) The acylium ion is resonance stabilized. (d) The acylium ion is often produced from an acyl chloride.

Last Answer : An alkyl group substitutes for a hydrogen

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Description : The greater acidity of carboxylic acids compared to alcohols arises primarily from : (a) the electron-donating effect of the hydroxyl group (b) the electron-withdrawing effect of the carboxyl ... of α-hydrogens of carboxylic acids (d) the resonance stability associated with the carboxylate ion

Last Answer : the resonance stability associated with the carboxylate ion

Which one of the following molecules exhibits resonance? w) Carbon Tetrachloride x) Carbonate ion y) Sulfur Dichloride z) Phosphorus Tribromide

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Last Answer : ANSWER: X -- CARBONATE ION

Which statement about the carbonyl group is NOT true? (a) The carbonyl carbon is sp2 hybridized. (b) The bond angles among the three atoms attached to the carbonyl carbon are 120°. (c) The three atoms attached to the carbonyl carbon form a nonplanar geometry. (d) The carbonyl group forms resonance structures.

Description : Which statement about the carbonyl group is NOT true? (a) The carbonyl carbon is sp2 hybridized. (b) The bond angles among the three atoms attached to the carbonyl carbon are 120°. (c) ... attached to the carbonyl carbon form a nonplanar geometry. (d) The carbonyl group forms resonance structures.

Last Answer : The three atoms attached to the carbonyl carbon form a nonplanar geometry

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Last Answer : the movement of two electrons

Resonance structures of a molecule have (a) same arrangement of atoms (b) different arrangement of atoms (c) same number of paired electrons (d) different number of paired electrons

Description : Resonance structures of a molecule have (a) same arrangement of atoms (b) different arrangement of atoms (c) same number of paired electrons (d) different number of paired electrons

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Last Answer : Carboxylic acid and ammonium ion

The most unlikely representation of resonance structure of p-nitrophenoxide ion is:

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An absorption loss caused by valence electrons in the silica material from which fibers are manufactured. A. Modal dispersion B. Infrared absorption C. Ion resonance absorption D. Ultraviolet absorption

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Last Answer : D. Ultraviolet absorption

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Last Answer : Feel Free to Answer

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Last Answer : Ans:(d)

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Last Answer : The peak set to 100% relative intensity

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Description : Human urine is usually acidic because (a) potassium and sodium exchange generates acidity (b) hydrogen ions are actively secreted into the filtrate (c) the sodium transporter exchanges one hydrogen ion for each sodium ion, in peritubular capillaries (d) excreted plasma proteins are acidic.

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Last Answer : (a) Lysosomes are formed by the process of packaging in the endoplasmic reticulum.

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Last Answer : Series R-L-C circuit:  Explanation of Series R-L-C Resonance circuit: A series circuit containing resistance, inductance and capacitance, is said to be resonant when the circuit power ... , and as we are analyzing a series RLC circuit this resonance frequency produces a Series Resonance.

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Last Answer : Acetanilide

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Description : Ortho phosphoric acid is triprotic but phosphoric acid is diprotic. Why?

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Phenol is an ortho-para director because the hydroxyl group : (a) donates electrons that increase electron density at ortho and para positions favoring nucleophilic attack. (b) donates electrons that increase electron density at ortho and para positions favoring electrophilic attack. (c) donates electrons to the ortho and para positions and attracts electrons away from meta positions favoring nucleophilic attack of the ring. (d) donates electrons to the ortho and para positions and attracts electrons away from meta positions favoring electrophilic attack on the ring.

Description : Phenol is an ortho-para director because the hydroxyl group : (a) donates electrons that increase electron density at ortho and para positions favoring nucleophilic attack. (b) donates ... para positions and attracts electrons away from meta positions favoring electrophilic attack on the ring.

Last Answer : donates electrons that increase electron density at ortho and para positions favoring electrophilic attack.

Which of the following substituents is an ortho and para director and ring deactivating? (a) –NH2 (b) –Cl (c) –OCH3 (d) –OH

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Last Answer : –Cl