(1) Isotopes Explanation: Atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. For example, carbon-12, carbon13 and carbon-14 are three isotopes of the element carbon with mass numbers 12, 13 and 14 respectively. The atomic number of carbon is 6, which means that every carbon atom has 6 protons, so that the neutron numbers of these isotopes are 6, 7 and 8 respectively.