What are the chemical substances that compose the plasma membrane ?

What are the chemical substances that compose the plasma membrane ?
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The main constituents of the plasma membrane are phospholipids, proteins and carbohydrates. The phospholipds, amphipathic molecules, are regularly organized in the membrane according to their polarity: two layers of phospholipids form the lipid bilayer with the polar part of the phospholipids pointing to the exterior of the layer and the non polar phospholipid chains in the interior. Proteins can be found embedded in the lipid bilayer and there are also some carbohydrates bound to proteins and to phospholipids in the outer face of the membrane.    
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Last Answer : Hydrogen (H+ ions) or protons

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Last Answer : (C) Cristae

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Last Answer : (C) Phagocytosis

How does facilitated diffusion present similarities with enzymatic chemical reactions ?

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Last Answer : One of the main examples of facilitated transport is the entrance of glucose from the blood into cells. Glucose from blood binds to specific permeases (hexose-transporting permeases) present in the ... job is concluded the permease is not consumed and can perform successive other transports.

Metabolism is carried out by a large class of proteins that decrease the activation energy required for chemical reactions inside a cell. Therefore they only facilitate reactions that would naturally occur at a much slower rate. What is the name of these proteins that speed up biochemical reactions?

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Last Answer : Enzymes

Isolation of cellular components to determine their chemical composition is called (A) Cell differentiation (B) Chromatography (C) Cell fractionation (D) All of these

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What transport process uses kinetic energy to pass substances through the plasma membrane?

Description : What transport process uses kinetic energy to pass substances through the plasma membrane?

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Can two normal individuals of the same species with sexual reproduction have identical genomes and identical karyotypes ? How the human karyotype is usually represented?

Description : Can two normal individuals of the same species with sexual reproduction have identical genomes and identical karyotypes ? How the human karyotype is usually represented?

Last Answer : Except for clones (individuals created from nucleus transplantation, like the Dolly sheep) and monozygotic twins, it is very improbable the genomes of two individuals of the same species and generated by sexual ... normal karyotype is represented by the formula 44+XX for women and 44+XY for men.

What is the difference between the concepts of karyotype and genome ?

Description : What is the difference between the concepts of karyotype and genome ?

Last Answer : Genome is the set of DNA molecules that characterizes each living being or each species. The concept then includes the specific nucleotide sequence of the DNA molecules of each individual or species. ... of each chromosome or pair of homologous. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: karyotype

What are homologous chromosomes ?

Description : What are homologous chromosomes ?

Last Answer : Which are the human cells that do not have homologous chromosomes? Chromosomes contain genes (genetic information in the form of nucleotide sequences) that command the protein synthesis thus ... chromosomes are the gametes since during meiosis the homologous chromosomes are separated.

What are the primary and the secondary constrictions of a chromosome ?

Description : What are the primary and the secondary constrictions of a chromosome ?

Last Answer : What is the other name given to the secondary constriction? Primary constriction is the narrower region of a condensed chromosome where the centromere, the structure that unites identical chromatids, is located. ... can be one or more in chromosome) is called nucleolus organizer region (NOR).

How the chromosome region where the centromere is located is called ?

Description : How the chromosome region where the centromere is located is called ?

Last Answer : How are chromosomes classified in relation to the position of their centromere? The chromosome region where the centromere is located is called primary constriction. In microscopic view ... constriction the chromosomes are classified as telocentric, acrocentric, submetacentric or metacentric.

What is the structure that maintains identical chromatids bound ?

Description : What is the structure that maintains identical chromatids bound ?

Last Answer : The structure that maintains identical chromatids bound is the centromere. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: centromere

How are the concepts of chromosome ?

Description : How are the concepts of chromosome ?

Last Answer : chromatin and chromatids related? In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA duplicate? Chromatin is a set of filamentous DNA molecules dispersed in the karyoplasm forming euchromatin and heterochromatin ... chromosomes (and not only one). Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: chromatids

In the phase when the cell is not dividing ?

Description : In the phase when the cell is not dividing ?

Last Answer : interphase) is there activity within the cell nucleus? In the interphase there is intense metabolic activity in the cell nucleus: DNA is duplicating, euchromatin is being transcript and RNA is produced.

What is the relation between the concepts of chromatin and chromosome ?

Description : What is the relation between the concepts of chromatin and chromosome ?

Last Answer : Are euchromatin and heterochromatin part of chromosomes? Every filament of chromatin is a complete DNA molecule (a complete double helix), i.e., a complete chromosome. A DNA molecule may form ... thus both are part of chromosomes. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: chromosome structure

What are heterochromatin and euchromatin ?

Description : What are heterochromatin and euchromatin ?

Last Answer : Chromatin is uncondensed nuclear DNA, the typical DNA morphology in interphase (the phase of the cell cycle in which the cells is not dividing itself). In this phase of the cell cycle ... inactive portions of the DNA molecule. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: heterochromatin euchromatin

Do all eukaryotic cells have nucleus and only one nucleus ?

Description : Do all eukaryotic cells have nucleus and only one nucleus ?

Last Answer : There are eukaryotic cells without nucleus and others with more than one nucleus. Osteoclasts, the cells responsible for resorption of the osseous matrix, for example, are multinucleate cells; ... cells. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: cell nucleus miltinucleate cells enucleated cells

How are cells with delimited nucleus called ?

Description : How are cells with delimited nucleus called ?

Last Answer : What are the main elements of the nucleus? Cells with delimited nucleus are called eukaryotic cells. Organisms composed of one or more eukaryotic cells are called eukaryotes. The mains elements of the ... the nucleolus, the karyolymph, or nucleoplasm, and the nuclear membrane (or karyotheca).

What are some biological examples in which lysosomic enzymes play fundamental role ?

Description : What are some biological examples in which lysosomic enzymes play fundamental role ?

Last Answer : The remodelation of the osseous tissue, the function of acrosomes in sperm cells and the elimination of the tadpole tail are examples of biological processes in which lysosomic enzymes are key factors. The ... cell by its own mechanisms is called autolysis, a type of apoptosis (celll suicide).

What is autophagic intracellular digestion ?

Description : What is autophagic intracellular digestion ?

Last Answer : Why is this type of intracellular digestion intensified in an organism undergoing starvation? Autophagic intracellular digestion is the cellular internal digestion of waste and residual materials. In general ... obtain from its own constituent materials the nutrients necessary to stay alive.