Explain electrolytic refining of aluminium with neat labelled diagram

Explain electrolytic refining of aluminium with neat labelled diagram 
by

1 Answer

Answer :

image

Process: 1) The electrolytic cell consists of an iron tank lined at the bottom with carbon, which serve as anode. A number of graphite rods serve as cathode. 2) The cell is filled with three liquid layers of different densities. i)The top most layer consists of molten pure aluminium which acts as cathode. ii) The middle layer is of electrolyte which consist of a mixture of molten fluorides of Al , Ba & Na. iii) The bottom layer consists of molten impure aluminium. 3) On passing electric current, the aluminium ions from the middle layer discharged at the cathode and get collected in the top most layers. Same amount of aluminium ions from the bottom layer goes into the middle layer. Pure Al collected at the top is tapped out from time to time. Crude or impure Al is added to the bottom layer from time to time. The process is thus continued.

by

Related questions

Describe the process of purification of aluminium by electrolytic refining with the help of neat, labelled diagram.

Description : Describe the process of purification of aluminium by electrolytic refining with the help of neat, labelled diagram.

Last Answer : Process: 1) The electrolytic cell consists of an iron tank lined at the bottom with carbon, which serve as anode. A number of graphite rods serve as cathode. 2) The cell is filled with ... . Crude or impure Al is added to the bottom layer from time to time. The process is thus continued.

Define cementation. Describe sherardizing with help of neat labeled diagram

Description : Define cementation. Describe sherardizing with help of neat labeled diagram

Last Answer : Cementation: Cementation is the process in which metal coatings are obtained by heating the base metal in a revolving drum containing a powder of the coating metal.   Process: i) The iron articles ... iron forming Fe - Zn alloy at the surface which protects iron surface from corrosion.   

Describe Bessemerization process with neat labeled diagram

Description : Describe Bessemerization process with neat labeled diagram 

Last Answer : After smelting the molten matte is then transferred to a Bessemer converter which is a pear shaped furnace made up of steel and internally lined with lime or magnesia. It is mounted on trunnions and can ... on the surface of copper hence it is called as blister copper. It is 96 to 98% pure

Describe smelting process with neat labeled diagram.

Description : Describe smelting process with neat labeled diagram.

Last Answer : Roasted copper ore is then mixed with coke & sand particles & then strongly heated at about 13500 C in a water jacketed blast furnace. At high temperature ferrous sulphide (FeS) is oxidised & ... of ferrous sulphide (FeS) is called as matte which is then removed from the lower outlet.

Describe electrolytic reduction of alumina.

Description : Describe electrolytic reduction of alumina.

Last Answer : i) Aluminium is extracted from alumina by electrolysis of mixture of alumina (20%) , Cryolite (60%) & Calcium fluoride (20%). Addition of cryolite& fluorspar not only makes alumina a ... set free at the cathode is removed periodically in the molten condition from bottom of the cell.

Which of the following metals is not subjected to electrolytic refining/purification? (A) Copper (B) Zinc (C) Tin (D) Aluminium

Description : Which of the following metals is not subjected to electrolytic refining/purification? (A) Copper (B) Zinc (C) Tin (D) Aluminium

Last Answer : (C) Tin

Write the action of Nitric acid on Aluminium.

Description : Write the action of Nitric acid on Aluminium.

Last Answer : Aluminium metal does not react with dilute as well as concentrated Nitric acid 

Define the term metallurgy. Name the process of extraction of Aluminium.

Description : Define the term metallurgy. Name the process of extraction of Aluminium. 

Last Answer : Metallurgy:-The process of extraction of metal from its ore economically & profitably is called as metallurgy. The process used for extraction of Aluminium metal is Bayer’s process, Electrolytic reduction of alumina, Electrolytic refining. 

Write the action of water on Aluminium.

Description : Write the action of water on Aluminium.

Last Answer : Pure aluminium is not affected by pure water. However, impure aluminium is readily corroded by water containing salts (seawater). It decomposes boiling water with evolution of hydrogen.

Write any four uses of aluminium.

Description : Write any four uses of aluminium.

Last Answer : 1) For preparing utensils, surgical instruments, heating appliances, parts of aeroplanes, containers for chemical industry etc. 2) For making electric wires and cables for transmission lines. 3) ... furnace and for making refractory bricks. 14) For preparation of mirrors for telescope

Write the action of Conc. HNO3 on Aluminium metal.

Description : Write the action of Conc. HNO3 on Aluminium metal.

Last Answer : Aluminum metal does not react with dilute as well as concentrated Nitric acid.

Explain the construction and working of Lead acid storage cell with the help of diagram.

Description : Explain the construction and working of Lead acid storage cell with the help of diagram.

Last Answer : Construction  i)A group of lead plates packed with spongy lead serves as anode (negative electrode). ii) Another group of lead plates bearing lead dioxide serve as cathode (positive electrode).The two ... 38% ( by mass) of H2SO4 of density about 1.2 g/ml which serve as electrolyte.

Draw diagram and explain sherardizing process

Description : Draw diagram and explain sherardizing process

Last Answer : Process: i) The iron articles (bolts, screws, nails etc) to be coated are first cleaned and then packed with Zn dust and ZnO powder in a steel drum, which is provided with ... protecting small steel articles like bolts, screws, nuts, threaded parts, washers, valves, gauge, tools etc.

Explain construction and working of Ni- Cd cell with diagram.

Description : Explain construction and working of Ni- Cd cell with diagram.

Last Answer : Construction: i) Positive plates are made up of nickel plated tubes, containing a mixture of nickel oxide (NiO2) & hydroxide + 17% flakes of graphite or metallic nickel for increasing ... which small quantity of lithium hydroxide (LiOH) is added to increase the capacity of cell.

Describe galvanizing process with suitable diagram.

Description : Describe galvanizing process with suitable diagram.

Last Answer : It is the process of coating iron or steel sheets with a thin coat of zinc to prevent it from rusting. Process: The iron or steel sheet to be galvanized is first cleaned with dilute ... rollers to remove excess zinc and in order to get uniform coating. Finally it is annealed at 6500C. 

Describe Bessemerisation process with the help of chemical reaction & diagram.

Description : Describe Bessemerisation process with the help of chemical reaction & diagram. 

Last Answer : After smelting the molten matte is then transferred to a Bessemer converter which is a pear shaped furnace made up of steel and internally lined with lime or magnesia. It is mounted on trunnions and can be ... surface of copper hence it is called as blister copper. It is 96 to 98% pure.  

Define atmospheric corrosion. Write mechanism of atmospheric corrosion with diagram.

Description : Define atmospheric corrosion. Write mechanism of atmospheric corrosion with diagram.

Last Answer : Atmospheric corrosion: This type of corrosion occurs when metal surface comes in immediate contact directly with atmospheric gases like O2, Cl2, Br2, I2, H2S, CO2, SO2, NO2 etc.

Explain the electrolytic capacitor with neat diagram.

Description : Explain the electrolytic capacitor with neat diagram.

Last Answer : Diagram of electrolytic capacitor:  Explanation: In an electrolytic capacitor, two sheets of aluminum foil, separated by a fine gauges soaked in an electrolyte rolled up and encased in an ... to 400 volt DC. Their main field of applications is in electronic circuit and filters circuits.

Briefly explain the electrolytic refining of copper.

Description : Briefly explain the electrolytic refining of copper.

Last Answer : Copper is purified by electrolytic refining. The apparatus consists of an electrolytic tank containing copper sulphate solution as electrolyte. A set of thick blocks of impure copper is made anode ... anode becomes thinner and pure cathode becomes thicker. The impurities collect at the bottom.

Explain with neat labelled diagram measurement of flow using venturi meter

Description : Explain with neat labelled diagram measurement of flow using venturi meter

Last Answer : Explanation: It is a primary element of differential pressure Flow meters. 1) It consists of a straight inlet section, a converging conical inlet section, a cylindrical throat and diverging recovery ... abruptly, so permanent pressure loss or energy loss is very low as compared to orifice plate.

Explain Buchholz relay with neat labelled diagram.

Description : Explain Buchholz relay with neat labelled diagram.

Last Answer : Buchholz relay: The relay is located in the path of the oil from transformer tank to conservator. As seen from diagram, the upper mercury switch operates the alarm circuit due to tilting of the ... manner that it senses the sudden violent movement of oil from transformer tank to conservator.

Draw a neat labelled diagram of PLC. Explain the function of each block.

Description : Draw a neat labelled diagram of PLC. Explain the function of each block.

Last Answer : Block Diagram of PLC:-  A simplified block diagram of a PLC shown in above Fig. It has three major units/sections.  I/O (Input/Output) Modules.  CPU (Central ... membrane keypad for program entry, and a display device (LED or LCD) for viewing program steps of functions. 

Explain discharging and charging process of lead acid storage cell.

Description : Explain discharging and charging process of lead acid storage cell. 

Last Answer : Discharging: - While discharging chemical energy gets converted into electrical energy. At anode: - The lead electrode loses electrons, which flow through the wire.   Lead sulphate is precipited at ... are reversed by passing an external e.m.f. greater than 2 volts from a generator.  

Explain fuel cell. State two advantages.

Description : Explain fuel cell. State two advantages.

Last Answer : Fuel cell- Fuel cell is a electrochemical cell which converts the chemical energy of fuels directly into electrical energy by an electrochemical process in which the fuel is oxidized at the ... fossil fuels 15. Fuel cell automotive batteries can render electric vehicles efficient & refillable  

Explain cathodic protection. Give one example.

Description : Explain cathodic protection. Give one example.

Last Answer : Cathodic protection: It is the method in which the metal to be protected is forced to behave as a cathode. Examples: 1) To protect buried water or gas pipelines. 2) To protect buried cables. 3) ... water box coolers. 6) To protect water tanks. 7) To protect transmission line towers, etc.  

Write the different types of oxide films formed on the metal surface. Explain the oxide film which is more protective against corrosion.

Description : Write the different types of oxide films formed on the metal surface. Explain the oxide film which is more protective against corrosion.

Last Answer : Types of oxide films 1. Stable porous oxide film 2. Stable non porous oxide film 3. Unstable oxide film 4. Volatile oxide film i) Stable nonporous oxide film ii) Unstable oxide films are protective ... . Example: - Such type of oxide film is formed in the metals like Ag, Au, and Pt.

Explain four factors affecting rate of immersed corrosion.

Description : Explain four factors affecting rate of immersed corrosion. 

Last Answer : A) Nature of metal: 1) Position of metal in a galvanic series: A metal having higher position in a galvanic series has more chemical reactivity and therefore, it gets attacked by gaseous ... conducting medium and promotes corrosion. e.g. Rusting of Fe is promoted in humid atmosphere.  

Statement - 1 : `PbSiF_(6) + H_(2) SiF_(6)` + gelatine is taken as electrolyte in electrolytic refining of lead . Statement -2 : Discharge potential o

Description : Statement - 1 : `PbSiF_(6) + H_(2) SiF_(6)` + gelatine is taken as electrolyte in electrolytic refining of lead . Statement -2 : Discharge potential o

Last Answer : Statement - 1 : `PbSiF_(6) + H_(2) SiF_(6)` + gelatine is taken as electrolyte in electrolytic ... Statement-1 : is false , statement-2 : is true

Which one of the following is true in electrolytic refining ?

Description : Which one of the following is true in electrolytic refining ?

Last Answer : Which one of the following is true in electrolytic refining ? A. impure metal is made cathode B. ... as anode D. both electrodes must be pure metal

What is electrolytic refining?

Description : What is electrolytic refining?

Last Answer : Electrolytic refining is a technique of ultra refining of metal. In this method, impure metal is taken as anode and pure metal are taken as cathode. Electric current is passed through the electrolyte to obtain pure metal at the cathode.

Draw a neat and labelled diagram of Ascaris.

Description : Draw a neat and labelled diagram of Ascaris.

Last Answer : Draw a neat and labelled diagram of Ascaris.

Draw a neat and labelled diagram:  1. Cnidoblast 2. Colloblast

Description : Draw a neat and labelled diagram:  1. Cnidoblast 2. Colloblast

Last Answer : Draw a neat and labelled diagram: 1. Cnidoblast 2. Colloblast

Draw a neat labelled diagram showing steam distillation at laboratory scale

Description : Draw a neat labelled diagram showing steam distillation at laboratory scale

Last Answer : labelled diagram showing steam distillation at laboratory scale

Draw a neat labelled diagram of 1-2 shell and tube heat exchanger.

Description : Draw a neat labelled diagram of 1-2 shell and tube heat exchanger. 

Last Answer : 1-2 shell and tube heat exchanger: 

Draw neat labelled constructional diagram of INKJET printer. Describe the function of each block. State two advantages.

Description : Draw neat labelled constructional diagram of INKJET printer. Describe the function of each block. State two advantages.

Last Answer : It is a non-impact printer. It provides letter quality printout than dot matrix printer. Its output is sharper than Dot matrix though its output quality is not to the same level of laser printer ... is compatible in quality to that of a laser printer. Faster when compared to Dot Matrix printers.

Draw a neat labelled block diagram of AC electric locomotive. State the function of each part.

Description : Draw a neat labelled block diagram of AC electric locomotive. State the function of each part.

Last Answer : labelled diagram ofAC electric locomotive:  Function of AC electric locomotive Parts: 1) Overhead contact wire: Supply of 1-ph, 25KV, 50Hz, AC is given to overhead conductor. 2) Current collecting ... mechanical power to run the train i.e. DC series motor which is used as traction motor.

Draw a neat labelled diagram of photocell and state two properties of photons.

Description : Draw a neat labelled diagram of photocell and state two properties of photons.  

Last Answer : Properties of Photon: 1) Photon is electrically neutral. 2) Photon travels with speed of light. 3) Photon do not ionized. 4) Photon has rest mass zero. 5) Photon cannot be deflected by electric or magnetic ... has momentum term h / λ 7) Photon has definite packets of energy given by E = hʋ

Draw a neat labelled diagram of feeding post and write any four points related to it.

Description : Draw a neat labelled diagram of feeding post and write any four points related to it.

Last Answer : Feeding post: 1) Each feeder has two conductors one insulated for 25 kV (connected to bus-bar) and other for 3 kV (connected to track for return current). 2) Located as near as ... are supposed to operate only under normal current as they are not provided with protection for the same. 

Write two properties and two uses of Bakelite.

Description : Write two properties and two uses of Bakelite.

Last Answer : Properties Uses Hard,Rigid,strong,scratch resistant & brittle material. insulation of electrical wires & cables electrical switches, switch board sockets, plugs for ... Rolling mills, Decorative laminates wall covering & industrial laminates for electrical parts. 

Define charging, discharging, specific resistance and Ohm’s law.

Description : Define charging, discharging, specific resistance and Ohm’s law.

Last Answer : Charging:- It is the operation of the cell in which external source of current reverses the electrochemical cell reaction in order to restore the battery to its original fully charged state. ... across the conductor & inversely proportional to the resistance (R) of a conductor. 

Define extrinsic polymers with example.

Description : Define extrinsic polymers with example.

Last Answer : Extrinsic polymer- The electrical conductivity of polymers can be increased by doping with a charge transfer agent or by making their composites with other conducting materials like ... called as extrinsic polymer  Examples-Trans-polyacetylene, polyparaphenylene, polypyrrole, polyaniline etc. 

State the two methods of Hot dipping.

Description : State the two methods of Hot dipping. 

Last Answer : Two methods of hot dipping-1. Galvanizing 2. Tinning

Describe metal spraying process for protection of metal from corrosion .Write its two applications.

Description : Describe metal spraying process for protection of metal from corrosion .Write its two applications.

Last Answer : Process:- i) In this method, coating metal sprayed on the surface of base metal with the help of spraying gun or pistol. ii) The spraying gun consist of a duct for compressed air and is fitted with the oxy- ... 4) Coating of metals like Al, Zn, Ni, Sn, Pb etc. is made by the method of spraying.

What are applications of sherardizing process?

Description : What are applications of sherardizing process?

Last Answer : Applications:- i)Sherardizing is used especially for protecting small odd shaped steel articles like bolts, screws, nuts, threaded parts washers, valves, gauge, tools etc.against atmospheric corrosion. ... has crevices or depression and there is practically no change in the dimensions of articles.

State the two functions of pigment.

Description : State the two functions of pigment.

Last Answer : 1) Provide opacity and colour to paint film. 2) Give strength to the film. 3) Give protection to the paint film by reflecting harmful ultraviolet light. 4) Provide resistance to paint film against abrasion, ... and weather. 5) Give an aesthetical appeal (i.e pleasing to look at) to the paint film.

Define immersed corrosion.

Description : Define immersed corrosion.

Last Answer : Definition: The corrosion which is brought about through ionic reactions in the presence of moisture or solution as a conducting medium when two dissimilar metals are in contact with each other is called electro chemical corrosion. 

State two properties and two uses of silicone fluids.

Description : State two properties and two uses of silicone fluids.

Last Answer : Properties :- 1. They can be used in temperature range of -90 0C to 220 0C 2. They have excellent dielectric properties over a wide range of temperature 3. They have ... release material: an odourless, non-toxic, noncarbonizing moulds release for rubber, plastics and metal die castings.

Define liquid crystal polymers.

Description : Define liquid crystal polymers.

Last Answer : Liquid crystal polymers are a class of aromatic polyester polymers which are capable of forming regions of highly ordered structure (like crystal) even in the liquid phase.

State two applications of lead acid storage cell.

Description : State two applications of lead acid storage cell.

Last Answer : Applications of lead acid storage cell: 1. Lead acid storage cellis commonly used in automobiles. 2. To Supply current for electric vehicles 3. In Gas engine ignition 4. In telephone exchanges ... hospitals 7. In broad casting stations, power stations 8. For distribution work 9. In inverters

Define electrochemical corrosion.

Description : Define electrochemical corrosion.

Last Answer : Electrochemical corrosion:- The corrosion which is brought about through ionic reactions in the presence of moisture or solution as a conducting medium when two dissimilar metals are in contact with each other is called electro chemical corrosion.