Explanation: It is a primary element of differential pressure Flow meters. 1) It consists of a straight inlet section, a converging conical inlet section, a cylindrical throat and diverging recovery cone. 2) Straight inlet section has same diameter as pipe. In converging conical inlet section, the cross-section of stream decreases & velocity increases. 3) In cylindrical throat, flow velocity will be maximum & static pressure will be minimum. 4) In diverging recovery cone flow velocity decreases 5) The pressure taps are located at straight edge section and at cylindrical throat where pressure is minimum thus the maximum Pressure Gauges across this point. 6) As it has no sharp edges and does not project into fluid stream, it can be used to handle fluids with solid, slurries, etc. 7) The cross-sectional area of fluid does not increase or decreases abruptly, so permanent pressure loss or energy loss is very low as compared to orifice plate.