Explain the classification of rock based on mode of origin.

Explain the classification of rock based on mode of origin.
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Classification of rock based on mode of origin (genesis): Based on mode of origin, the rocks are classified in to three categories described below.

1. Igneous Rock: Igneous rocks are of volcanic origin and are formed as a result of solidification of molten mass lying below or above the earth’s surface .The inner layer of the earth are at a high temperature causing the masses of silicates to melt. This molten mass called magma is forced up as volcanic eruption and spreads over the surface of the earth where it solidifies forming basalt and trap. If the magma solidifies below the surface of earth the solid crystalline rock is formed. 

2. Sedimentary Rock: Sedimentary rocks are formed by the deposition and consolidation of new sediments in layers over the preexisting rocks. The new sediments are intact, eroded away from some old rocks by weathering and are then transported by agents like wind, water, ice etc. These eroded sediments after travelling some distance may get deposited over some existing rocks which on consolidation will result in the formation of what are known as sedimentary rocks. 

3. Metamorphic Rock: Metamorphic rocks are formed from igneous or sedimentary rocks as a result of the action of the earth movements, temperature changes and liquid pressure.
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