Description : The following argument: “ All mammals have wings. All reptiles are mammals. Therefore all reptiles have wings ”. A) Inductive B) invalid C) sound D) Valid.
Last Answer : D) Valid.
Description : A deductive argument is sound if and only if it is A) valid and all its premises are true B) invalid and all its premises are true C) is valid and one of the premise is false D) is valid and its conclusion is false.
Last Answer : A) valid and all its premises are true
Description : If it is possible for the premises of a deductive argument to be true and its conclusion to be false, that argument is A) Valid B) Invalid C) Indescribable D) Sound.
Last Answer : B) Invalid
Description : “All thugs are murderers Therefore all Indians are murderers”. The fallacy committed by above argument is A) Illicit minor B) Illicit major C) Ambiguous major D) Undistributed middle.
Last Answer : A) Illicit minor
Description : The falsehood of a valid deductive argument’s conclusion guarantees that A) the argument is sound B) atleast one of the premise is false C) premises are true D) the validity is uncertain.
Last Answer : B) atleast one of the premise is false
Description : Inductive arguments are properly characterised as A) valid-invalid B) strong-weak C) definite-indefinite D) certain-uncertain.
Last Answer : B) strong-weak
Description : “All men are selfish No apes are men Therefore no apes are selfish”. The above argument commits the fallacy of A) Undistributed middle B) Illicit major C) Illicit minor D) Ambiguous minor
Last Answer : B) Illicit major
Description : “All men are mortal Socrates is a man Therefore Socrates is mortal”. _________ is the middle term of the above argument. A) Mortal B) Socrates C) Men D) Is
Last Answer : C) Men
Description : “All men are mortal All kings are men Therefore all kings are mortal”. __________ is the minor term of the above argument. A) Mortal B) Kings C) Men D) Are
Last Answer : B) Kings
Description : “He is either a saint or a sinner He is not a saint Therefore he is a sinner”. The above argument commits the fallacy of________. A) Undistributed middle B) Improper disjunction C) Four terms D) Illicit minor.
Last Answer : B) Improper disjunction
Description : The following argument: Aristotle is human and mortal. Bacon is human and mortal. Castro is human and mortal. Descartes is human and mortal. Therefore all humans are mortal. is an example ... ---- argument. A) Deductive B) Inductive C) Syllogistic D) Deduction-Induction combined.
Last Answer : B) Inductive
Description : A valid deductive argument with true premises is called a ------ argument. A) sound B) unsound C) fallacious D) dilemma.
Last Answer : A) sound
Description : Which of the following statements are true? Choose from the codes given below. 1. Some arguments, while not completely valid, are almost valid. 2. A sound argument may be invalid. 3. A cogent argument may have a probably false ... Codes: (A) 1 and 2 (B) 1, 3 and 4 (C) 4 alone (D) 3 and 4
Last Answer : (D) 3 and 4
Description : The proposition: “Socrates is wise”, is an example for ___________ proposition. A) negative B) singular C) emotive D) invalid.
Last Answer : B) singular
Description : “All animals are mortal All men are animals Therefore all men are mortal.” _________ is the major term of the above syllogism. A) Mortal B) Men C) Animals D) Are.
Last Answer : A) Mortal
Description : “ All donkeys are animals. All monkeys are animals. Therefore all monkeys are donkeys”. The fallacy committed by the above syllogism is A) Ambiguous major B) Ambiguous minor C) Ambiguous middle D) Undistributed middle.
Last Answer : D) Undistributed middle.
Description : “ Food is indispensable to life. Plantain is a food. Therefore plantain is indispensable to life.” The fallacy committed by the above syllogism is A) Ambiguous major B) Ambiguous minor C) Ambiguous middle D) Undistributed middle.
Last Answer : C) Ambiguous middle
Description : “B is a friend of C. A is a friend of B. Therefore A is a friend of C.” The above syllogism commits the fallacy of__________. A) quarterino-terminorum B) ambiguous major C) ambiguous minor D) equivocation.
Last Answer : A) quarterino-terminorum
Description : The proposition: “ Some Indians are not religious”- is an example for ______ proposition. A) Universal affirmative B) Universal negative C) Particular affirmative D) Particular negative.
Last Answer : D) Particular negative.
Description : Both premises and conclusion of an argument are _______. A) Commands B) Propositions C) Exclamations D) Questions.
Last Answer : B) Propositions
Description : Words and names can become terms only if they are used in---------. A) an argument B) proposition C) thought D) reasoning.
Last Answer : B) proposition
Description : The claim of an inductive argument is that premises provide---------- for the conclusion. A) invalidity B) absolute evidence C) no evidence D) some evidence
Last Answer : D) some evidence
Description : The relationship between premises and conclusion in a deductive argument is--. A) Cause-Effect B) Analytic-Synthetic C) A priori-A posterior D) Implication-Entailment.
Last Answer : D) Implication-Entailment.
Description : The premises provide conclusive grounds for the conclusion in ----------- argument. A) Inductive B) Deductive C) Fallacious D) Intuitive
Last Answer : B) Deductive
Description : The verbal expression of reasoning is called---------. A) an argument B) a term C) a proposition D) a concept
Last Answer : A) an argument
Description : The verbal expression of a judgment is called ----------. A) Argument B) Term C) Proposition D) Reasoning
Last Answer : C) Proposition
Description : The verbal expression of a concept is called a --------. A) Proposition B) Argument C) Judgment D) Term
Last Answer : D) Term
Description : Propositions which supports the conclusion of an argument are called A) Inferences B) Premises C) Terms D) Concepts.
Last Answer : B) Premises
Description : Given below are some characteristics of reasoning. Select the code that states a characteristic which is not of deductive reasoning: (A) The conclusion must be based on observation and experiment ( ... must follow from the premise/premises necessarily (D) The argument may be valid or invalid
Last Answer : (A) The conclusion must be based on observation and experiment
Description : Which one among the following is not a characteristic of a deductive type of argument ? (A) The conclusion follows from the premise/premises necessarily. (B) The argument admits degree of complexity. ( ... provides us knowledge about matters of fact. (D) The argument must be either valid or invalid.
Last Answer : (C) The argument provides us knowledge about matters of fact.
Description : When in a group of propositions, one proposition is claimed to follow from the others, that group of propositions is called (A) An argument (B) A valid argument (C) An explanation (D) An invalid argument
Last Answer : (A) An argument
Description : Two_______ premises yield no valid conclusion. A) universal B) particular C) affirmative D) categorical.
Last Answer : B) particular
Description : An advantage of inductive reasoning is A) to sustain existing beliefs B) to formulate valid arguments C) to create aesthetic sense D) to frame future expectations.
Last Answer : D) to frame future expectations.
Description : The defining feature of a valid deduction is its A) vagueness B) uncertatinty C) indefiniteness D) certainty.
Last Answer : D) certainty.
Description : Select the code which states the condition of an invalid deductive argument : (A) All the premises are true but the conclusion is false. (B) Some of the premises are true but the conclusion is false. ... the conclusion is also false. (D) All the premises are true and the conclusion is also true.
Last Answer : (A) All the premises are true but the conclusion is false.
Description : A deductive argument is invalid if: (A) Its premises and conclusions are all true (B) Its premises and conclusions are all false (C) Its premises are true but its conclusion is false (D) Its premises are false but its conclusion is true
Last Answer : (C) Its premises are true but its conclusion is false
Description : If the particular proposition of a subaltern relation is true, the truth-value of the universal proposition is A) true B) false C) both true and false D) doubtful.
Last Answer : D) doubtful.
Description : If the particular proposition of a subaltern relation is false its corresponding universal proposition will be_______. A) true B) false C) both true and false D) doubtful.
Last Answer : B) false
Description : Between subalterns if the universal is true the particular is A) true B) false C) doubtful D) both true and false.
Last Answer : A) true
Description : Of two sub-contraries if one is true the other is ________. A) true B) false C) doubtful D) neither true nor false
Last Answer : C) doubtful
Description : Of two sub-contraries if one is false the other is necessarily______ A) true B) false C) doubtful D) neither true nor false.
Description : Contrary propositions cannot both be ________. A) true B) false C) true and false D) doubtful
Description : If one of the contradictories is true the other must be _______. A) true B) false C) doubtful D) neither true nor false
Description : If one of the contraries is false the truth-value of the other is A) true B) false C) doubtful D) neither true nor false.
Description : If one of the contraries is true the truth-value of the other is A) true B) false C) neither true nor false D) both true and false.
Description : A ---------- is either true or false. A) Question B) Command C) Proposition D) Exclamation
Description : That proposition in which the quantity of the subject is not stated clearly but left vague is called______________. A) Dilemma B) Fallacy C) Indefinite D) False.
Last Answer : C) Indefinite
Description : A single ------ is enough to prove the inductive conclusion false. A) intuition B) Assumption C) counter-example D) concept.
Last Answer : C) counter-example
Description : Select the code, which is not correct in the context of deductive argument with two premises: (A) An argument with one true premise, one false premise and a false conclusion may be valid. (B) An argument ... may be valid. (D) An argument with two false premises and a false conclusion may be valid.
Last Answer : (B) An argument with two true premises and a false conclusion may be valid.
Description : A deductive argument can not be valid : (A) If its premise / premises is/are true and its conclusion is true. (B) If its premise / premises is /are true and its conclusion is false. (C) If ... conclusion is false. (D) If its premise / premises is / are false and its conclusion is true.
Last Answer : (B) If its premise / premises is /are true and its conclusion is false