Give an account on the structure and function of tRNA

Give an account on the structure and function of tRNA  
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Ans: Transfer RNA is the smallest among the RNAs. It is also known as adaptor RNA or decoding RNA or soluble RNA. It accounts for 10 – 15% of total cellular RNA. It consists of 80 – 90 nucleotides. Its molecular weight is 25,000 daltons. Its clover leaf model was given by Holley. It shows that it has 5 arms. The 1st arm is amino acid attachment arm with free ends and consisting of CCA bases at the 3' end. Opposite to it is anticondon arm with a loop consisting of anticodon complementary to codon. There are 61 anticodons and hence 61 types of tRNA. The second arm recognizes the enzyme amino acyl tRNA synthetase, the 5th one the ribosome. The 4th arm is variable arm with no known significance. tRNA brings the aminoacids to the surface of ribosomes at the time of protein synthesis. 

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