Description : Which of the following is usually not a characteristic of qualitative research? a. Design flexibility b. Dynamic systems c. Naturalistic inquiry d. Deductive design
Last Answer : c. Naturalistic inquiry
Description : Qualitative research is often exploratory and has all of the following characteristics except: a. It is typically used when a great deal is already known about the topic of interest b. It ... hypotheses and develop theory about phenomena in the world d. It uses the inductive scientific method
Last Answer : a. It is typically used when a great deal is already known about the topic of interest
Description : In terms of reasoning, which of the following research is dialectic & inductive? a. Outcome research b. Qualitative research c. Quantitative research d. None of the above
Last Answer : b. Qualitative research
Description : Which of the following is characteristic of qualitative research? a. Generalization to the population b. Random sampling c. Unique case orientation d. Standardized tests and measures
Last Answer : c. Unique case orientation
Description : good qualitative problem statement: a. Defines the independent and dependent variables b. Conveys a sense of emerging design c. Specifies a research hypothesis to be tested d. Specifies the relationship between variables that the researcher expects to find
Last Answer : b. Conveys a sense of emerging design
Description : Which of the following is not one of the 4 major approaches to qualitative research? a. Ethnography b. Phenomenology c. Case study d. Nonexperimental
Last Answer : d. Nonexperimental
Description : The type of qualitative research that describes the culture of a group of people is called; a. Phenomenology b. Grounded theory c. Ethnography d. Case study
Last Answer : c. Ethnography
Description : In which qualitative research approach is the primary goal to gain access to individuals’ inner worlds of experience? a. Phenomenology b. Ethnography c. Grounded theory d. Case study
Last Answer : a. Phenomenology
Description : Which of the following is not phase of qualitative research? a. Orientation and overview b. Focused exploration c. Conformation and Closure d. Orientation and closure
Last Answer : a. Orientation and overview
Description : The nursing community’s interest in qualitative research began in; a. Late 1910’s b. Late 1930’s c. Late 1950’s d. Late 1970’s
Last Answer : d. Late 1970’s
Description : Which strategy used to promote qualitative research validity uses multiple research methods to study a phenomenon? a. Data triangulation b. Methods triangulation c. Theory triangulation d. Member checking
Last Answer : b. Methods triangulation
Description : The use of multiple data sources to help understand a phenomenon is one strategy that is used to promote qualitative research validity. Which of the following terms describes this strategy? a. Data matching b. Pattern matching c. Data triangulation d. Data feedback
Last Answer : c. Data triangulation
Description : Sampling in qualitative research is similar to which type of sampling in quantitative research? a. Simple random sampling b. Systematic sampling c. Quota sampling d. Purposive sampling
Last Answer : d. Purposive sampling
Description : Hypotheses in qualitative research studies usually _____. a. Are very specific and stated prior to beginning the study b. Are often generated as the data are collected, interpreted, and analyzed c. Are never used d. Are always stated after the research study has been completed
Last Answer : b. Are often generated as the data are collected, interpreted, and analyzed
Description : A qualitative research question: a. Asks a question about some process, or phenomenon to be explored b. Is generally an open-ended question c. both a and b are correct d. None of the above
Last Answer : c. both a and b are correct
Description : Which research paradigm is least concerned about generalizing its findings? a. Quantitative Research b. Qualitative Research c. Mixed Research d. None Of The Above
Last Answer : b. Qualitative Research
Description : Which of the following is Not a type of Qualitative research in nursing? a. Phenomenological research b. Grounded theory c. Cross sectional research d. Historical research
Last Answer : c. Cross sectional research
Description : Following are the elements of qualitative research except one; a. Reductionist b. Holistic c. Subjective d. Develop theory
Last Answer : a. Reductionist
Description : Which of the following research utilizes statistics to make generalization? a. Outcome research b. Qualitative research c. Quantitative research d. a and b only
Last Answer : c. Quantitative research
Description : The term used to describe suspending preconceptions and learned feelings about a phenomenon is called: a. Axial coding b. Design flexibility c. Bracketing d. Ethnography
Last Answer : c. Bracketing
Description : Which scientific method is a bottom-up or generative approach to research? a. Deductive method b. Inductive method c. Hypothesis method d. Pattern method
Last Answer : b. Inductive method
Description : What is the key defining characteristic of experimental research? a. Extraneous variables are never present b. Positive correlation usually exists c. A negative correlation usually exists d. Manipulation of the independent variable
Last Answer : d. Manipulation of the independent variable
Description : Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a nursing research? a. Development of theories, principles, and generalizations b. Uses chaotic method of problem-solving c. Requires full skill of writing report d. Involves precise observation and accurate description
Last Answer : b. Uses chaotic method of problem-solving
Description : One step that is not included in planning a research study is: a. Identifying a researchable problem b. A review of current research c. Statement of the research question d. Conducting a meta-analysis of the research e. Developing a research plan
Last Answer : d. Conducting a meta-analysis of the research
Description : The research participants are described in detail in which section of the research plan? a. Introduction b. Method c. Data analysis d. Discussion
Last Answer : b. Method
Description : Researchers use both open-ended and closed-ended questions to collect data. Which of the following statements is true? a. Open-ended questions directly provide quantitative data based on the ... own words d. Closed-ended questions directly provide qualitative data in the participants' own words
Last Answer : c. Open-ended questions provide qualitative data in the participant’s own words
Description : Open-ended questions provide primarily ______ data. a. Confirmatory data b. Qualitative data c. Predictive data d. None of the above
Last Answer : b. Qualitative data
Description : Which of the following generally cannot be done in qualitative studies conducted in the field? a. Getting informed consent b. Keeping participants from physical harm c. Maintaining consent forms d. Having full anonymity rather than just confidentiality
Last Answer : d. Having full anonymity rather than just confidentiality
Description : Which of the following control techniques available to the researcher controls for both known and unknown variables? a. Building the extraneous variable into the design b. Matching c. Random assignment d. Analysis of covariance
Last Answer : c. Random assignment
Description : Which of the following attempts to understand relationships among phenomena as they naturally occur, without any intervention? a. Ex post facto research b. Experimental research c. Prospective design d. Retrospective design
Last Answer : a. Ex post facto research
Description : The degree to which the components of the research reflect the theory, concept, or variable under study is termed as; a. Design Validity b. Threats to Validity c. Internal validity d. External validity
Last Answer : a. Design Validity
Description : Which of the following designs permits a comparison of pretest scores to determine the initial equivalence of groups on the pretest before the treatment variable is introduced into the research setting. a. ... control group design c. Posttest-only design with nonequivalent groups d. Both b and c
Last Answer : b. Pretest-posttest control group design
Description : Which is not a direct threat to the internal validity of a research design? a. History b. Testing c. Sampling error d. Differential selection
Last Answer : c. Sampling error
Description : The statement of purpose in a research study should: a. Identify the design of the study b. Identify the intent or objective of the study c. Specify the type of people to be used in the study d. Describe the study
Last Answer : b. Identify the intent or objective of the study
Description : Which one of the following supports “reasoning moves from general to specific situation or conclusion”? a. Scientific reasoning b. Deductive reasoning c. Inductive reasoning d. None of the above
Last Answer : b. Deductive reasoning
Description : Which scientific method often focuses on generating new hypotheses and theories? a. Deductive method b. Inductive method c. Hypothesis method d. Pattern method
Last Answer : b
Description : Which scientific method focuses on testing hypotheses developed from theories? a. Deductive method b. Inductive method c. Hypothesis method d. Pattern method
Last Answer : a. Deductive method
Description : Which scientific method is a top-down or confirmatory approach? a. Deductive method b. Inductive method c. Hypothesis method d. Pattern method
Description : Which “scientific method” follows these steps: 1) observation/data, 2) patterns, 3) theory? a. Inductive b. Deductive c. retrospective d. Top down
Last Answer : a. Inductive
Description : Which form of reasoning is the process of drawing a specific conclusion from a set of premises? a. Rationalism b. Deductive Reasoning c. Inductive Reasoning d. Probabilistic
Last Answer : b. Deductive Reasoning
Description : What is a Research Design? (A) A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory. (B) The choice between using qualitative or quantitative methods. (C) The style in which you present your research ... e.g. a graph. (D) A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data.
Last Answer : (D) A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data.
Description : Which one is refers to how well the particular sample of behaviors used to measure a characteristic reflects the entire domain of behaviors that constitutes that characteristic. a. Construct validity ... b. Criterion-related validity evidence c. Content validity evidence d. Face validity evidence
Last Answer : c. Content validity evidence
Description : Which type of reliability refers to the consistency of a group of individuals' scores on two equivalent forms of a test designed to measure the same characteristic? a. Split-half b. Test-retest c. Split-forms d. Equivalent forms
Last Answer : d. Equivalent forms
Description : Reliability is most simply known as which of the following? a. Consistency or stability b. Appropriateness of interpretations on the basis of test scores c. Ways in which people are the same d. A rank order of participants on some characteristic
Last Answer : a. Consistency or stability
Description : A condition or characteristic that can take on different values or categories is called ___. a. A Constant b. A Variable c. A Cause-and-Effect Relationship d. A Descriptive Relationship
Last Answer : b. A Variable
Description : Which of the following is/are the characteristic of a good theory or explanation? a. It is parsimonious b. It is testable c. It is general enough to apply to more than one place, situation, or person d. All of the above
Last Answer : d. All of the above
Description : The primary data analysis approach in ethnography is: a. Open, axial, and selective coding b. Holistic description and search for cultural themes c. Cross-case analysis d. Identifying essences of a phenomenon
Last Answer : b. Holistic description and search for cultural themes
Description : Which of the following statements are true? a. The larger the sample size, the greater the sampling error b. The more categories or breakdowns you want to make in your data analysis, the larger ... the larger the sample needed d. As sample size decreases, so does the size of the confidence interval
Last Answer : b. The more categories or breakdowns you want to make in your data analysis, the larger the sample needed
Description : Misinforming the subjects for the research purposes is called as follow? a. Anonymity b. Confidentiality c. Scientific misconduct d. Deception
Last Answer : d. Deception
Description : Which of the following is not an element of the ethical research? a. Protecting subjects rights b. Obtaining informed consent c. Obtaining institutional approval d. Unbalancing the benefits and the risk in the study
Last Answer : d. Unbalancing the benefits and the risk in the study