Question

Define the Kinetic Theory of matter & define states of matter on the basis of kinetic molecular theory.

Answer 1

Ans : Kinetic Molecular Theory Of Matter :
According to kinetic molecular theory the matter is composed of very tiny particles which are called molecules. The molecules of matter possess kinetic energy & are always in motion. The states of matter depends upon the
(1) Arrangements of molecules.
(2) Motion of the molecules.
(3) Forces of attraction between molecules.
Kinetic Description Of Solid State :
(1) Molecules are tightly packed with one another.
(2) Molecules could only move back & forth (vibratory motion) about their fixed position.
(3) Particles in solid state cannot slide or slip over giving them a definite shape & volume.
Kinetic Description Of Liquid State :
(1) Molecules are not tightly packed with one another.
(2) Molecules could move in all direction & hence liquids have no definite shape.
(3) Molecules have low kinetic energy in liquids as compare to gases.
(4) Strong inter molecular forces of attraction causes molecules to possess definite fixed volume.
Kinetic Description Of Gaseous State :
(1) Molecules are lying away from each other & can move in all directions.
(2) The cohesive forces in molecules are negligible & the particles are free to move about. The kinetic energy possess by the molecules are very high therefore gases have neither definite shape nor definite volume.