Description : Which of the following terms best fits the destruction of all living micobes, spores and viruses. a. Sanitization b. Sterilization c. Aseptic Technique d. Pasteurization
Last Answer : b. Sterilization
Description : This gram-positive rod can cause meningoencephalitis, septicemia, and newborn meningitis. a. Bacillus cereus b. Listeria monocyto genes c. Clostridium peringens d. Escherichia coli
Last Answer : b. Listeria monocyto genes
Description : In 1842, Edwin Chadwick's report raised the possibility that sewage spreads disease along with a ______ outbreak which began the ________ movement. a. typhoid, aseptic b. cholera, sanitation c. polio, immunization d. none of the above are correct
Last Answer : b. cholera, sanitation
Description : one way to get a pure culture is by using _____. a. Aseptic technique b. Pour-plate method c. Streak-plate method d. A and C e. B and C
Last Answer : d. A and C
Description : The fecal-oral route is the mode of transmission for the _____. a. Hepatitis A virus. b. Hepatitis B virus. c. Hepatitis A and B viruses. d. All hepatitis viruses.
Last Answer : b. Hepatitis B virus.
Description : These viruses multiply first in the tonsils and then the lymphoid tissues of the gastrointestinal tract. a. Rabies virus b. Rotavirus c. Polio virus d. Hepatitis A virus
Last Answer : c. Polio virus
Description : A long thread-Like RNA virus is typical of the viruses. a. hepatitis C b. Ebola c. polio d. West Nile
Last Answer : b. Ebola
Description : Rivers' postulates can be used to a. locate an oncogene in a cell that is cancerous. b. develop inactivated viruses for use in a vaccine. c. eliminate viruses with certain chemical agents. d. relate a particular virus to a particular disease.
Last Answer : d. relate a particular virus to a particular disease.
Description : Which of the following oncogenic viruses was first detected? A.Rous sarcoma virus. B.Epstein-Barr virus C.Herpes simplex virus type 2 D.Human T cell leukaemia virus
Last Answer : A.Rous sarcoma virus.
Description : Which of the following infection(s) can be diagnosed by the use of polymerase chain reaction? A- HIV-1 and HIV-2 viruses B- Hepatitis B virus C- Mycobacterium tuberculosis D- All of these
Last Answer : All of these
Description : A viral load test detects the A- provirus of HIV in infected cells B- .total amount of virus in the infected host C- number of viruses being released by each infected cell D- .amount of bacteriophage being produced by E. coli cells
Last Answer : provirus of HIV in infected cells
Description : Which of the following hepatitis viruses is not RNA virus? A- Hepatitis A virus B- Hepatitis B virus C- Hepatitis E virus D- Hepatitis G virus
Last Answer : Hepatitis B virus
Description : Recombination of virus genomes occurs A- by transduction B- by transcription C- simultaneous infection of a host cell by two viruses with homologous chromosomes D- by transformation
Last Answer : simultaneous infection of a host cell by two viruses with homologous chromosomes
Description : Infectious _____ is caused by the ________virus infecting the B lymphocytes. a. mononucleosis, Epstein Barr b. shingles, varicella c. Epstein Barr, yellow fever d. Meningitis, Lassa
Last Answer : d. Meningitis, Lassa
Description : Rotavirus and the noroviruses can both be causes of viral ______ when transferred to humans by ______. a. meningitis; mosquitoes b. meningitis; water c. gastroenteritis; mosquitoes d. gastroenteritis; water
Last Answer : a. meningitis; mosquitoes
Description : Acute bacterial meningitis can begin with ____ that develops into a blood infection that then invades the meninges. a. N. meningitidis b. S. pneumoniae c. H. influenzae d. A-C are correct
Last Answer : d. A-C are correct
Description : Acute meningitis a. Is An LRT Infection. b. Is A Disease Affecting The Membranes Of The Heart. c. Can Be Caused Be Corynebacterium Diphtheriae. d. Often Starts As A Nasopharynx Infection.
Last Answer : d. Often Starts As A Nasopharynx Infection.
Description : Which of the following diseases result from germination of endospores? a. Pneumonia b. Strep throat c. Meningitis d. Anthrax
Last Answer : d. Anthrax
Description : .__________are the single most important cause of diarrhea in infants and young children admitted to American hospitals. a. Noroviruses b. Echoviruses c. Hepatitis A viruses d. Rotaviruses
Last Answer : d. Rotaviruses
Description : Which of the following statements reflects the nursing management of the patient with West Nile Virus infection? There is no treatment for West Nile Virus infection. Patients are supported by fluid replacement ... the virus to animals and humans. There is no human-to-human transmission of virus.
Last Answer : a) The incubation period is three to five days. The incubation period (from mosquito bite until onset of symptoms) is between 5–15 days.
Description : What is the advantage of the attenuated viruses in a vaccine?
Last Answer : Attenuated viruses can be taken orally because they will survive passage into the gastrointestinal tract and will be absorbed into the blood stream. The method of administration is therefore easier than by ... this reason they may be advantageous when an epidemic is taking place or is anticipated.
Description : Which one of the following pairs is incorrectly matched as to antibiotic and use? a. Penicillin-gram-positive bacteria b. Nystatin-fungi c. Tetracycline-viruses d. Griseofulvin-fungi
Last Answer : c. Tetracycline-viruses
Description : In the soil, antibiotics are produced by some a. Fungal species and viruses. b. Bacterial species and viruses. c. Viruses and helminthic species. d. Fungal and bacterial species.
Last Answer : d. Fungal and bacterial species.
Description : Why should you get a new influenza vaccine every year? a. it wears off fast b. the viruses change rapidly c. you need a booster to keep the immune level up d. none of the above are correct
Last Answer : b. the viruses change rapidly
Description : An attenuated vaccine is one that a. Can provide life-long immunity. b. Contains live microbes or viruses. c. Is closest to the natural pathogens. d. All the above (a-c) are correct.
Last Answer : d. All the above (a-c) are correct.
Description : Arboviruses are _____ viruses. a. arthropod-borne b. arthritis causing c. tree-borne d. A-C are correct
Last Answer : a. arthropod-borne
Description : Which investigator developed a polio vaccine containing inactivated viruses? a. Enders b. Sabin c. Jenner d. Salk
Last Answer : b. Sabin
Description : Which of the following viruses has a vaccine to prevent it? a. HPV b. HIV c. fifths disease d. herpes simplex I
Last Answer : a. HPV
Description : A common trait among Herpes viruses is _____. a. Lysogeny b. Lysis c. Laxity d. Latency
Last Answer : d. Latency
Description : Which one of the folLowing statements is NOT true of the influenza viruses? a. They have a segmented genome. b. The genome is double-stranded DNA. c. The viruses have an envelope. d. There are three types of flu viruses
Last Answer : b. The genome is double-stranded DNA.
Description : Which of the following are oncogenic viruses? a. polio b. HIV c. HPV d. rabies
Last Answer : c. HPV
Description : Viruses can be grown on _____. a. nutrient agar b. nutrient broth c. blood agar d. tissue culture
Last Answer : d. tissue culture
Description : Which of the following viruses is a retrovirus with reverse transcriptase? a. HPV b. polio c. HIV d. Ebola
Last Answer : c. HIV
Description : Retroviruses are so-named because their reverse transcriptase _____. a. reverses the flow of genetic information by stimulating information to proceed from RNA to DNA. b. reverses the normal ... the action of drugs on viruses and allows them to continue multiplying in living cells.
Last Answer : a. reverses the flow of genetic information by stimulating information to proceed from RNA to DNA.
Description : Attenuated viruses are those that _____. a. can be used to treat viral disease. b. give rise to viroids and prions. c. multiply in cells but at a low rate. d. have been treated with chemicals such as formaldehyde.
Last Answer : c. multiply in cells but at a low rate.
Description : Viruses derived from fragments of cellular genetic material and macromolecules forms the basis of the a. Cellular Origins Hypothesis. b. Independent Entities Hypothesis. c. Rna World Hypothesis. d. Regressive Evolution Hypothesis.
Last Answer : a. Cellular Origins Hypothesis.
Description : Newly emerging viruses causing human disease can arise from a. Species Jumping. b. Mutations. c. Genetic Recombination. d. All Of The Above (A—C) Are Correct.
Last Answer : d. All Of The Above (A—C) Are Correct.
Description : The oncogene theory states that transforming genes a. Normally Occur In The Host Genome. b. Can Exist In Viruses. c. Are Not Of Viral Origin. d. All Of The Above (A—C) Are Correct.
Last Answer : d. All Of The Above (A—C) Are Correct
Description : Which one of the following scientists was NOT involved with discovering viruses? a. Felix d‘Herrelle b. Dimitri Ivanowsky c. Robert Fleming d. Martinus Beijerinck
Last Answer : c. Robert Fleming
Description : The process of conjugation in bacteria requires that _____. a. Two Types Of Viruses Be Present. b. The Conjugating Bacteria Be Deprived Of Nutrients. c. Two Bacteria Exchange Dna. d. Two Live Bacteria Come Together.
Last Answer : d. Two Live Bacteria Come Together.
Description : Transposons are of particular significance because they a. often contain genes for antibiotic resistance. b. inhibit the effects of overlapping genes. c. come in pairs and often are associated with viruses. d. regulate gene transcription in bacterial cells.
Last Answer : a. often contain genes for antibiotic resistance.
Description : When is a HEPA filter used? a. To Filter Bacteria Out Of A Vaccine b. To Trap Particles In The Air c. To Protect Burn Victims d. To Separate Bacteria And Viruses
Last Answer : b. To Trap Particles In The Air
Description : Which of the following characteristics would not be used to classify viruses? A.Type of cell wall structure B.Type of nucleic acid C.Presence of an envelope D.Symmetry
Last Answer : A.Type of cell wall structure
Description : Usually viruses are separated into several large groups based primarily on A.nature of the host B.nucleic acid characteristics C.capsid symmetry D.diameter of the viroin or nucleocapsid
Last Answer : A.nature of the host
Description : What does the positive strand in double stranded RNA viruses stands for? A- rRNA B- tRNA C- .mRNA D- None of these
Last Answer : .mRNA
Description : Which of the following theory is supported by the genomic sequence of the obligate intracellularparasite Rickettsia prowazekii ? A- Parasitic bacteria have very large genomes B- Parasites have a ... viruses C- Mitochondria have evolved from endosymbiotic bacteria D- All bacteria evolved from viruses
Last Answer : Mitochondria have evolved from endosymbiotic bacteria
Description : The terms mycelium and hyphae are associated with A- algae B- fungi C- protozoa D- viruses
Last Answer : fungi
Description : What is Mycology? A-Study of viruses B- Study of nucleic acid C- Study of bacteria D-Study of fungi
Last Answer : Study of fungi
Description : What is Mycology? A- Study of viruses B- Study of nucleic acid C- Study of bacteriaD- Study of fungi