Define (i) Data Abstraction, (ii) Data Redundancy.

Define (i) Data Abstraction, (ii) Data Redundancy.
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2 Answers

Answer :

(i) Data Abstraction: Data Abstraction is hiding the details of data organization and storage and highlighting the essential features for an improved understanding of data. 

(ii) Data Redundancy: The Data redundancy is the storing of same data multiple times. This leads to duplication of effort. Second, storage space is wasted.
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Answer :

Data abstraction is defined as 

*Suppression of details of data organization and storage 

*Highlighting of the essential features for an improved understanding of data 

*The characteristic that allow program data independence and program operation independence is called data abstraction. 

Three levels of abstraction are: 

Physical level: This is the lowest level of data abstraction. It describes how data is actually stored in database. The complex data structure details is described at this level.
Logical level: This is the middle level of 3-level data abstraction architecture. It describes what data is stored in database and the relationships among the data. 
View level: This is highest level of data abstraction. This level describes the user interaction with database system. 
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