Prostaglandins are derived from what substance?

Prostaglandins are derived from what substance?
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Answer :

Prostaglandins are derived from the PUFA. The Series 2 (with two double bonds) are derived from arachidonic acid. All naturally occurring PGs belong to the 2-series.
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Which one of the following hormones is derived most completely from tyrosine? (A) Glucagon (B) Thyroxine (C) Insulin (D) Prostaglandins

Description : Which one of the following hormones is derived most completely from tyrosine? (A) Glucagon (B) Thyroxine (C) Insulin (D) Prostaglandins

Last Answer : Answer : B

Slow reacting Substance of Anaphylaxis is a mixture of (A) Prostaglandins (B) Prostacyclins (C) Thromboxanes (D) Leukotrienes

Description : Slow reacting Substance of Anaphylaxis is a mixture of (A) Prostaglandins (B) Prostacyclins (C) Thromboxanes (D) Leukotrienes

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Description : Bile acids are derived from what substance?

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The activity of kinins is modulated by (A) Prostaglandins (B) Ca++ (C) Increased cAMP level (D) Increased cGMP level

Description : The activity of kinins is modulated by (A) Prostaglandins (B) Ca++ (C) Increased cAMP level (D) Increased cGMP level

Last Answer : Answer : A

A cup of strong coffee would be expected to (A) Interfere with synthesis of prostaglandins (B) Decrease the effects of Glucagon (C) Enhance the effects of epinephrine (D) Provide the vitamin nicotinic acid

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Last Answer : Answer : C

Which of the following is used for inducing labour? (A) Prostaglandins (B) Prostacyclins (C) Vasopressin (D) Thromboxanes

Description : Which of the following is used for inducing labour? (A) Prostaglandins (B) Prostacyclins (C) Vasopressin (D) Thromboxanes

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The suffix number in the names of prostaglandins gives the number of (A) OH groups (B) Double bonds (C) Acid groups (D) Ketoacids

Description : The suffix number in the names of prostaglandins gives the number of (A) OH groups (B) Double bonds (C) Acid groups (D) Ketoacids

Last Answer : Answer : B

Which of tne of the following scientists has not worked in the field of prostaglandins? (A) Voneuler (B) Sultan Karim (C) Andre robet (D) Kendal

Description : Which of tne of the following scientists has not worked in the field of prostaglandins? (A) Voneuler (B) Sultan Karim (C) Andre robet (D) Kendal

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Prostaglandins are (A) C2 unsaturated acids (B) C27 saturated alcohols (C) C20 saturated acids (D) C27 saturated alcohols

Description : Prostaglandins are (A) C2 unsaturated acids (B) C27 saturated alcohols (C) C20 saturated acids (D) C27 saturated alcohols

Last Answer : Answer : A

Which of the following property of prostaglandins has been utilized by chinicians in hospital for (A) Inducing fever (B) Causing inflammation (C) Effecting smooth muscle contraction (D) Disaggregation of spermatozoa

Description : Which of the following property of prostaglandins has been utilized by chinicians in hospital for (A) Inducing fever (B) Causing inflammation (C) Effecting smooth muscle contraction (D) Disaggregation of spermatozoa

Last Answer : Answer : C

Richest source of prostaglandins in a human male is (A) Blood (B) Urine (C) Semen (D) C.S.F.

Description : Richest source of prostaglandins in a human male is (A) Blood (B) Urine (C) Semen (D) C.S.F.

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Aspirin blocks the synthesis of (A) Prostaglandins only (B) Prostacyclins only (C) Thromboxanes only (D) All of these

Description : Aspirin blocks the synthesis of (A) Prostaglandins only (B) Prostacyclins only (C) Thromboxanes only (D) All of these

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A cup of strong coffee would be expected to (A) Interfere with the synthesis of prostaglandins (B) Decrease the effect of glucagon (C) Enhance the effect of epinephrine (D) Provide the vitamin nicotinic acid

Description : A cup of strong coffee would be expected to (A) Interfere with the synthesis of prostaglandins (B) Decrease the effect of glucagon (C) Enhance the effect of epinephrine (D) Provide the vitamin nicotinic acid

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From arachidonate, synthesis of prostaglandins is catalysed by (A) Cyclooxygenase (B) Lipoxygenase (C) Thromboxane synthase (D) Isomerase

Description : From arachidonate, synthesis of prostaglandins is catalysed by (A) Cyclooxygenase (B) Lipoxygenase (C) Thromboxane synthase (D) Isomerase

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Cholesterol is the precursor for the biosynthesis of (A) fatty acid (B) prostaglandins (C) bile acids (D) sphingmyelin

Description : Cholesterol is the precursor for the biosynthesis of (A) fatty acid (B) prostaglandins (C) bile acids (D) sphingmyelin

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Acrolein Test is positive for (A) Glycerol (B) Prostaglandins (C) Carbohydrates (D) Proteins

Description : Acrolein Test is positive for (A) Glycerol (B) Prostaglandins (C) Carbohydrates (D) Proteins

Last Answer : Answer : A

All the following are functions of prostaglandins except (A) Lowering of B.P (B) Introduction of labour (C) Anti inflammatory (D) Prevention of myocardial infraction

Description : All the following are functions of prostaglandins except (A) Lowering of B.P (B) Introduction of labour (C) Anti inflammatory (D) Prevention of myocardial infraction

Last Answer : Answer : D

Prostaglandins are synthesized in the body from (A) Myristic acid (B) Arachidonic acid (C) Stearic acid (D) Lignoceric acid

Description : Prostaglandins are synthesized in the body from (A) Myristic acid (B) Arachidonic acid (C) Stearic acid (D) Lignoceric acid

Last Answer : Answer : D

All active prostaglandins have atleast one double bond between positions: (A) 7 and 8 (B) 9 and 10 (C) 11 and 12 (D) 13 and 14 FATS AND FATTY ACID METABOLISM 95

Description : All active prostaglandins have atleast one double bond between positions: (A) 7 and 8 (B) 9 and 10 (C) 11 and 12 (D) 13 and 14 FATS AND FATTY ACID METABOLISM 95

Last Answer : Answer : A

Prostaglandins have a common structure based on prostanoic acid which contains carbon atoms: (A) 12 (B) 16 (C) 18 (D) 20

Description : Prostaglandins have a common structure based on prostanoic acid which contains carbon atoms: (A) 12 (B) 16 (C) 18 (D) 20

Last Answer : Answer : D

Prostaglandins are liberated in the circulation by the stimulation of (A) Anterior pituitary glands (B) Posterior pituitary glands (C) Adrenal gland (D) Thyroid gland

Description : Prostaglandins are liberated in the circulation by the stimulation of (A) Anterior pituitary glands (B) Posterior pituitary glands (C) Adrenal gland (D) Thyroid gland

Last Answer : Answer : C

The prostaglandins are synthesized from (A) Arachidonic acid (B) Oleic acid (C) Linoleic acid (D) Linolenic acid

Description : The prostaglandins are synthesized from (A) Arachidonic acid (B) Oleic acid (C) Linoleic acid (D) Linolenic acid

Last Answer : Answer : A

Prostaglandins decrease all of the following except (A) Gastric acid secretion (B) Blood pressure (C) Uterine contraction (D) Platelet aggregation

Description : Prostaglandins decrease all of the following except (A) Gastric acid secretion (B) Blood pressure (C) Uterine contraction (D) Platelet aggregation

Last Answer : Answer : C

Cyclo-oxygenase is involved in the synthesis of (A) Prostaglandins (B) Thromboxanes (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these

Description : Cyclo-oxygenase is involved in the synthesis of (A) Prostaglandins (B) Thromboxanes (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : C

Prostaglandins stimulate (A) Aggregation of platelets (B) Lipolysis in adipose tissue (C) Bronchodilatation (D) Gastric acid secretion

Description : Prostaglandins stimulate (A) Aggregation of platelets (B) Lipolysis in adipose tissue (C) Bronchodilatation (D) Gastric acid secretion

Last Answer : Answer : C

Prostaglandins are inactivated by (A) 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (B) Cyclo-oxygenase (C) Lipo-oxygenase (D) None of these

Description : Prostaglandins are inactivated by (A) 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (B) Cyclo-oxygenase (C) Lipo-oxygenase (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : A

Lipo-oxygenase is required for the synthesis of (A) Prostaglandins (B) Leukotrienes (C) Thromboxanes (D) All of these

Description : Lipo-oxygenase is required for the synthesis of (A) Prostaglandins (B) Leukotrienes (C) Thromboxanes (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : B

Synthesis of prostaglandins is inhibited by (A) Glucocorticoids (B) Aspirin (C) Indomethacin (D) All of these

Description : Synthesis of prostaglandins is inhibited by (A) Glucocorticoids (B) Aspirin (C) Indomethacin (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

Prostaglandins lower camp in (A) Adipose tissue (B) Lungs (C) Platelets (D) Adenohypophysis

Description : Prostaglandins lower camp in (A) Adipose tissue (B) Lungs (C) Platelets (D) Adenohypophysis

Last Answer : Answer : A

Anti-inflammatory corticosteroids inhibit the synthesis of (A) Leukotrienes (B) Prostaglandins (C) Thromboxanes (D) All of these

Description : Anti-inflammatory corticosteroids inhibit the synthesis of (A) Leukotrienes (B) Prostaglandins (C) Thromboxanes (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

All active prostaglandins have at least one double bond between positions (A) 7 and 8 (B) 10 and 11 (C) 13 and 14 (D) 16 and 17

Description : All active prostaglandins have at least one double bond between positions (A) 7 and 8 (B) 10 and 11 (C) 13 and 14 (D) 16 and 17

Last Answer : Answer : A

For synthesis of prostaglandins, the essential fatty acids give rise to a fatty acid containing (A) 12 carbon atoms (B) 16 carbon atoms (C) 20 carbon atoms (D) 24 carbon atoms

Description : For synthesis of prostaglandins, the essential fatty acids give rise to a fatty acid containing (A) 12 carbon atoms (B) 16 carbon atoms (C) 20 carbon atoms (D) 24 carbon atoms

Last Answer : Answer : C

What is the mechanism of action of prostaglandins?

Description : What is the mechanism of action of prostaglandins?

Last Answer : Prostaglandins are local hormones, and function through G-protein coupled receptors In most tissues, PGE increases cAMP level. But in adipose tissue and in renal tubular cells, PGE lowers cAMP level.

How is prostaglandins inactivated?

Description : How is prostaglandins inactivated? 

Last Answer : Prostaglandins have only very short half life, of about 30 seconds. They are inactivated by the 15- hydroxy-prostaglandin-dehydrogenase which converts 15-OH group to keto group.

How prostaglandins are synthesised?

Description : How prostaglandins are synthesised?

Last Answer : The arachidonic acid is released by the action of phospholipase A2 on phospholipids prostaglandin synthesis is catalysed by prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS). It contains two separate enzyme activities, cyclo-oxygenase and peroxidase. 

Prostaglandins are stored in what form?

Description : Prostaglandins are stored in what form?

Last Answer : As precursors, as membrane phospholipids.

How prostaglandins are classified?

Description : How prostaglandins are classified?

Last Answer : According to the attachment of different substituent groups to the ring, PGs are named with capital letters such as A, B, E and F. In the same series, depending on number of double bonds on the side chains ... have two double bonds at 13-14 (trans) and 5-6 (cis). This is the most common variety.

Aromatic compounds are generally derived from what substance?

Description : Aromatic compounds are generally derived from what substance?

Last Answer : ANSWER: BENZENE

Are Prostaglandins examples of triglycerides?

Description : Are Prostaglandins examples of triglycerides?

Last Answer : No. Prostaglandins form a group of biologically active lipids that are derived, in humans, from arachidonic acid (5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid), a C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid that has four ... double bonds; and that are named by reference to a hypothetical compound, called prostanoic acid.

Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct concerning the immunoinflammatory response to shock? a. The anaphylactoxins, C3a and C5a, are products of activation of only the classical pathway of the compliment cascade b. Eicosanoids, such as prostaglandins are stored in platelets and endothelial cells and released in response to inflammatory stimuli c. Thromboxane and PGI2 have similar effects d. Platelet-activating factor can be released by both circulating and fixed tissue cells

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct concerning the immunoinflammatory response to shock? a. The anaphylactoxins, C3a and C5a, are products of activation of only the classical pathway ... effects d. Platelet-activating factor can be released by both circulating and fixed tissue cells

Last Answer : Answer: d Inflammatory mediators have recently been recognized as playing a significant role in the clinical manifestations and progression of shock and the development ... increased pulmonary vascular resistance, bronchoconstriction, peripheral vasodilatation, and increased vascular permeability

Eicosanoids mediate inflammation in a variety of ways. Of the following statements, which are true with regard to this? a. Eicosanoids are stored in cytoplasmic granules for release after receptor mediated signaling b. Eicosanoids include prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes and lipoxins c. Eicosanoids generally have a plasma half-life measured in hours d. Physiologic responses to eicosanoids include vasodilatation, vasoconstriction, increased vascular permeability and both chemotaxis and chemoattractant inhibition

Description : Eicosanoids mediate inflammation in a variety of ways. Of the following statements, which are true with regard to this? a. Eicosanoids are stored in cytoplasmic granules ... include vasodilatation, vasoconstriction, increased vascular permeability and both chemotaxis and chemoattractant inhibition

Last Answer : Answer: b, d The eicosanoids are derived from arachidonic acid (eicosatetraenoic acid) and consist of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes and lipoxins. The eicosanoids are not ... nervous system d. Mononuclear phagocytes release a variety of proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors

True statements regarding eicosanoids include which of the following? A. Prostaglandins and thromboxanes are synthesized via the cyclo-oxygenase pathway. B. The vasoconstricting, platelet-aggregating, and bronchoconstricting effects of thromboxane A 2 are balanced by the actions of prostacyclin, which produces the opposite effects. C. Leukotriene synthesis is inhibited by the action of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). D. The principal prostaglandins have a short circulation half-life and exert most of their effects locally.

Description : True statements regarding eicosanoids include which of the following? A. Prostaglandins and thromboxanes are synthesized via the cyclo-oxygenase pathway. B. The vasoconstricting, platelet-aggregating, ... prostaglandins have a short circulation half-life and exert most of their effects locally.

Last Answer : Answer: ABD DISCUSSION: The eicosanoids are a group of compounds arising from the metabolism of arachidonic acid. The prostaglandins and thromboxanes are synthesized via the cyclo-oxygenase ... effects and may be involved in the physiologic responses associated with anaphylactic and septic shock

Cylcoocygenase-II specific inhibitors block the following (a) Production of cytoprotective prostaglandins (b) Tumor necrosis factor - a (c) Production of prostaglandins responsible for pain and inflammation

Description : Cylcoocygenase-II specific inhibitors block the following (a) Production of cytoprotective prostaglandins (b) Tumor necrosis factor - a (c) Production of prostaglandins responsible for pain and inflammation

Last Answer : Ans: C

Which of the following enzymes is ultimately responsible for the production of prostaglandins associated with inflammatory reactions? (a) Phospholipase (b) Lipoxygenase (c) Cyclooxygenase-I (d) Cyclooxygenase II (e) Xanthine oxidase

Description : Which of the following enzymes is ultimately responsible for the production of prostaglandins associated with inflammatory reactions? (a) Phospholipase (b) Lipoxygenase (c) Cyclooxygenase-I (d) Cyclooxygenase II (e) Xanthine oxidase

Last Answer : Ans: D

Cyclooxygenase-1 and –2 are responsible for (a) The synthesis of prostaglandins from arachidonate (b) The synthesis of leukotrienes from arachidonate (c) The conversion of ATP to cAMP (d) The metabolic degradation of cAMP (e) The conversion of GTP to cGMP

Description : Cyclooxygenase-1 and –2 are responsible for (a) The synthesis of prostaglandins from arachidonate (b) The synthesis of leukotrienes from arachidonate (c) The conversion of ATP to cAMP (d) The metabolic degradation of cAMP (e) The conversion of GTP to cGMP

Last Answer : Ans: A

Vasodilation by prostaglandins involves (a) Arterioles (b) Precapillary sphincters (c) Postcapillary venules (d) All of the above

Description : Vasodilation by prostaglandins involves (a) Arterioles (b) Precapillary sphincters (c) Postcapillary venules (d) All of the above

Last Answer : Ans: D

Inflammation is a complex tissue reaction that includes the release of cytokines, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and peptides. Prostaglandins involved in inflammatory processes are produced from arachidonic acid by (a) Cyclooxygenase 1 (b) Cyclooxygenase 2 (c) Glutathione – S – transferase (d) Lipoxygenase (e) Phospholipase A2

Description : Inflammation is a complex tissue reaction that includes the release of cytokines, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and peptides. Prostaglandins involved in inflammatory processes are produced from arachidonic acid by (a) ... 2 (c) Glutathione - S - transferase (d) Lipoxygenase (e) Phospholipase A2

Last Answer : Ans: B

Explain in brief about leukotrienes and prostaglandins Leukotrienes and prostaglandins are formed only when the mast cell undergo degranulation and enzymatic break down of phospholipids in the plasma membrane ?

Description : Explain in brief about leukotrienes and prostaglandins Leukotrienes and prostaglandins are formed only when the mast cell undergo degranulation and enzymatic break down of phospholipids in the plasma membrane ?

Last Answer : The effects produced by them are more pronounced and long lasting than histamine. Leukotrienes mediate mucous production and bronchoconstriction. Prostaglandin D2 causes bronchoconstriction.

Antibodies in our body are complex (a) glycoproteins (b) lipoproteins (c) steroids (d) prostaglandins

Description : Antibodies in our body are complex (a) glycoproteins (b) lipoproteins (c) steroids (d) prostaglandins

Last Answer : (a) glycoproteins

Cortisol: a. increases the circulating lymphocytes b. increases the circulating eosinophils c. decreases the production of prostaglandins d. inhibits the production of fibroblasts

Description : Cortisol: a. increases the circulating lymphocytes b. increases the circulating eosinophils c. decreases the production of prostaglandins d. inhibits the production of fibroblasts

Last Answer : inhibits the production of fibroblasts