What is the mechanism of action of prostaglandins?

What is the mechanism of action of prostaglandins?
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Prostaglandins are local hormones, and function through G-protein coupled receptors In most tissues, PGE increases cAMP level. But in adipose tissue and in renal tubular cells, PGE lowers cAMP level.
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The primary mechanism by which prostaglandins promote ulcer healing is: A. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion B. Augmentation of bicarbonate buffered mucus layer covering gastroduodenal mucosa C. Increased bicarbonate secretion in gastric juice D. Increased turnover of gastric mucosal cell

Description : The primary mechanism by which prostaglandins promote ulcer healing is: A. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion B. Augmentation of bicarbonate buffered mucus layer covering gastroduodenal mucosa C. Increased bicarbonate secretion in gastric juice D. Increased turnover of gastric mucosal cell

Last Answer : B. Augmentation of bicarbonate buffered mucus layer covering gastroduodenal mucosa

True statements regarding eicosanoids include which of the following? A. Prostaglandins and thromboxanes are synthesized via the cyclo-oxygenase pathway. B. The vasoconstricting, platelet-aggregating, and bronchoconstricting effects of thromboxane A 2 are balanced by the actions of prostacyclin, which produces the opposite effects. C. Leukotriene synthesis is inhibited by the action of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). D. The principal prostaglandins have a short circulation half-life and exert most of their effects locally.

Description : True statements regarding eicosanoids include which of the following? A. Prostaglandins and thromboxanes are synthesized via the cyclo-oxygenase pathway. B. The vasoconstricting, platelet-aggregating, ... prostaglandins have a short circulation half-life and exert most of their effects locally.

Last Answer : Answer: ABD DISCUSSION: The eicosanoids are a group of compounds arising from the metabolism of arachidonic acid. The prostaglandins and thromboxanes are synthesized via the cyclo-oxygenase ... effects and may be involved in the physiologic responses associated with anaphylactic and septic shock

What is the mechanism of action of aspirin?

Description : What is the mechanism of action of aspirin?

Last Answer : Aspirin acetylates serine in the active site and irreversibly inhibits the cyclo-oxygenase.

What is the mechanism of action of insulin?

Description : What is the mechanism of action of insulin?

Last Answer : Insulin acts by binding to membrane receptor, on the target cells.

What is the mechanism of action of adrenaline?

Description : What is the mechanism of action of adrenaline?

Last Answer : Adrenaline increases cyclic AMP level which activates glycogen phosphorylase.

What is the mechanism of inhibitory action of Di-isopropyl fluoro phosphate?

Description : What is the mechanism of inhibitory action of Di-isopropyl fluoro phosphate?

Last Answer : It inhibits enzymes with serine in their active centres, e.g. acetylcholine esterase.

The activity of kinins is modulated by (A) Prostaglandins (B) Ca++ (C) Increased cAMP level (D) Increased cGMP level

Description : The activity of kinins is modulated by (A) Prostaglandins (B) Ca++ (C) Increased cAMP level (D) Increased cGMP level

Last Answer : Answer : A

Which one of the following hormones is derived most completely from tyrosine? (A) Glucagon (B) Thyroxine (C) Insulin (D) Prostaglandins

Description : Which one of the following hormones is derived most completely from tyrosine? (A) Glucagon (B) Thyroxine (C) Insulin (D) Prostaglandins

Last Answer : Answer : B

A cup of strong coffee would be expected to (A) Interfere with synthesis of prostaglandins (B) Decrease the effects of Glucagon (C) Enhance the effects of epinephrine (D) Provide the vitamin nicotinic acid

Description : A cup of strong coffee would be expected to (A) Interfere with synthesis of prostaglandins (B) Decrease the effects of Glucagon (C) Enhance the effects of epinephrine (D) Provide the vitamin nicotinic acid

Last Answer : Answer : C

Which of the following is used for inducing labour? (A) Prostaglandins (B) Prostacyclins (C) Vasopressin (D) Thromboxanes

Description : Which of the following is used for inducing labour? (A) Prostaglandins (B) Prostacyclins (C) Vasopressin (D) Thromboxanes

Last Answer : Answer : A

The suffix number in the names of prostaglandins gives the number of (A) OH groups (B) Double bonds (C) Acid groups (D) Ketoacids

Description : The suffix number in the names of prostaglandins gives the number of (A) OH groups (B) Double bonds (C) Acid groups (D) Ketoacids

Last Answer : Answer : B

Which of tne of the following scientists has not worked in the field of prostaglandins? (A) Voneuler (B) Sultan Karim (C) Andre robet (D) Kendal

Description : Which of tne of the following scientists has not worked in the field of prostaglandins? (A) Voneuler (B) Sultan Karim (C) Andre robet (D) Kendal

Last Answer : Answer : D

Prostaglandins are (A) C2 unsaturated acids (B) C27 saturated alcohols (C) C20 saturated acids (D) C27 saturated alcohols

Description : Prostaglandins are (A) C2 unsaturated acids (B) C27 saturated alcohols (C) C20 saturated acids (D) C27 saturated alcohols

Last Answer : Answer : A

Which of the following property of prostaglandins has been utilized by chinicians in hospital for (A) Inducing fever (B) Causing inflammation (C) Effecting smooth muscle contraction (D) Disaggregation of spermatozoa

Description : Which of the following property of prostaglandins has been utilized by chinicians in hospital for (A) Inducing fever (B) Causing inflammation (C) Effecting smooth muscle contraction (D) Disaggregation of spermatozoa

Last Answer : Answer : C

Richest source of prostaglandins in a human male is (A) Blood (B) Urine (C) Semen (D) C.S.F.

Description : Richest source of prostaglandins in a human male is (A) Blood (B) Urine (C) Semen (D) C.S.F.

Last Answer : Answer : C

Aspirin blocks the synthesis of (A) Prostaglandins only (B) Prostacyclins only (C) Thromboxanes only (D) All of these

Description : Aspirin blocks the synthesis of (A) Prostaglandins only (B) Prostacyclins only (C) Thromboxanes only (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

A cup of strong coffee would be expected to (A) Interfere with the synthesis of prostaglandins (B) Decrease the effect of glucagon (C) Enhance the effect of epinephrine (D) Provide the vitamin nicotinic acid

Description : A cup of strong coffee would be expected to (A) Interfere with the synthesis of prostaglandins (B) Decrease the effect of glucagon (C) Enhance the effect of epinephrine (D) Provide the vitamin nicotinic acid

Last Answer : Answer : C

From arachidonate, synthesis of prostaglandins is catalysed by (A) Cyclooxygenase (B) Lipoxygenase (C) Thromboxane synthase (D) Isomerase

Description : From arachidonate, synthesis of prostaglandins is catalysed by (A) Cyclooxygenase (B) Lipoxygenase (C) Thromboxane synthase (D) Isomerase

Last Answer : Answer : A

Cholesterol is the precursor for the biosynthesis of (A) fatty acid (B) prostaglandins (C) bile acids (D) sphingmyelin

Description : Cholesterol is the precursor for the biosynthesis of (A) fatty acid (B) prostaglandins (C) bile acids (D) sphingmyelin

Last Answer : Answer : C

Acrolein Test is positive for (A) Glycerol (B) Prostaglandins (C) Carbohydrates (D) Proteins

Description : Acrolein Test is positive for (A) Glycerol (B) Prostaglandins (C) Carbohydrates (D) Proteins

Last Answer : Answer : A

All the following are functions of prostaglandins except (A) Lowering of B.P (B) Introduction of labour (C) Anti inflammatory (D) Prevention of myocardial infraction

Description : All the following are functions of prostaglandins except (A) Lowering of B.P (B) Introduction of labour (C) Anti inflammatory (D) Prevention of myocardial infraction

Last Answer : Answer : D

Prostaglandins are synthesized in the body from (A) Myristic acid (B) Arachidonic acid (C) Stearic acid (D) Lignoceric acid

Description : Prostaglandins are synthesized in the body from (A) Myristic acid (B) Arachidonic acid (C) Stearic acid (D) Lignoceric acid

Last Answer : Answer : D

All active prostaglandins have atleast one double bond between positions: (A) 7 and 8 (B) 9 and 10 (C) 11 and 12 (D) 13 and 14 FATS AND FATTY ACID METABOLISM 95

Description : All active prostaglandins have atleast one double bond between positions: (A) 7 and 8 (B) 9 and 10 (C) 11 and 12 (D) 13 and 14 FATS AND FATTY ACID METABOLISM 95

Last Answer : Answer : A

Prostaglandins have a common structure based on prostanoic acid which contains carbon atoms: (A) 12 (B) 16 (C) 18 (D) 20

Description : Prostaglandins have a common structure based on prostanoic acid which contains carbon atoms: (A) 12 (B) 16 (C) 18 (D) 20

Last Answer : Answer : D

Prostaglandins are liberated in the circulation by the stimulation of (A) Anterior pituitary glands (B) Posterior pituitary glands (C) Adrenal gland (D) Thyroid gland

Description : Prostaglandins are liberated in the circulation by the stimulation of (A) Anterior pituitary glands (B) Posterior pituitary glands (C) Adrenal gland (D) Thyroid gland

Last Answer : Answer : C

The prostaglandins are synthesized from (A) Arachidonic acid (B) Oleic acid (C) Linoleic acid (D) Linolenic acid

Description : The prostaglandins are synthesized from (A) Arachidonic acid (B) Oleic acid (C) Linoleic acid (D) Linolenic acid

Last Answer : Answer : A

Prostaglandins decrease all of the following except (A) Gastric acid secretion (B) Blood pressure (C) Uterine contraction (D) Platelet aggregation

Description : Prostaglandins decrease all of the following except (A) Gastric acid secretion (B) Blood pressure (C) Uterine contraction (D) Platelet aggregation

Last Answer : Answer : C

Cyclo-oxygenase is involved in the synthesis of (A) Prostaglandins (B) Thromboxanes (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these

Description : Cyclo-oxygenase is involved in the synthesis of (A) Prostaglandins (B) Thromboxanes (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : C

Prostaglandins stimulate (A) Aggregation of platelets (B) Lipolysis in adipose tissue (C) Bronchodilatation (D) Gastric acid secretion

Description : Prostaglandins stimulate (A) Aggregation of platelets (B) Lipolysis in adipose tissue (C) Bronchodilatation (D) Gastric acid secretion

Last Answer : Answer : C

Prostaglandins are inactivated by (A) 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (B) Cyclo-oxygenase (C) Lipo-oxygenase (D) None of these

Description : Prostaglandins are inactivated by (A) 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (B) Cyclo-oxygenase (C) Lipo-oxygenase (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : A

Lipo-oxygenase is required for the synthesis of (A) Prostaglandins (B) Leukotrienes (C) Thromboxanes (D) All of these

Description : Lipo-oxygenase is required for the synthesis of (A) Prostaglandins (B) Leukotrienes (C) Thromboxanes (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : B

Synthesis of prostaglandins is inhibited by (A) Glucocorticoids (B) Aspirin (C) Indomethacin (D) All of these

Description : Synthesis of prostaglandins is inhibited by (A) Glucocorticoids (B) Aspirin (C) Indomethacin (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

Slow reacting Substance of Anaphylaxis is a mixture of (A) Prostaglandins (B) Prostacyclins (C) Thromboxanes (D) Leukotrienes

Description : Slow reacting Substance of Anaphylaxis is a mixture of (A) Prostaglandins (B) Prostacyclins (C) Thromboxanes (D) Leukotrienes

Last Answer : Answer : D

Prostaglandins lower camp in (A) Adipose tissue (B) Lungs (C) Platelets (D) Adenohypophysis

Description : Prostaglandins lower camp in (A) Adipose tissue (B) Lungs (C) Platelets (D) Adenohypophysis

Last Answer : Answer : A

Anti-inflammatory corticosteroids inhibit the synthesis of (A) Leukotrienes (B) Prostaglandins (C) Thromboxanes (D) All of these

Description : Anti-inflammatory corticosteroids inhibit the synthesis of (A) Leukotrienes (B) Prostaglandins (C) Thromboxanes (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

All active prostaglandins have at least one double bond between positions (A) 7 and 8 (B) 10 and 11 (C) 13 and 14 (D) 16 and 17

Description : All active prostaglandins have at least one double bond between positions (A) 7 and 8 (B) 10 and 11 (C) 13 and 14 (D) 16 and 17

Last Answer : Answer : A

For synthesis of prostaglandins, the essential fatty acids give rise to a fatty acid containing (A) 12 carbon atoms (B) 16 carbon atoms (C) 20 carbon atoms (D) 24 carbon atoms

Description : For synthesis of prostaglandins, the essential fatty acids give rise to a fatty acid containing (A) 12 carbon atoms (B) 16 carbon atoms (C) 20 carbon atoms (D) 24 carbon atoms

Last Answer : Answer : C

How is prostaglandins inactivated?

Description : How is prostaglandins inactivated? 

Last Answer : Prostaglandins have only very short half life, of about 30 seconds. They are inactivated by the 15- hydroxy-prostaglandin-dehydrogenase which converts 15-OH group to keto group.

How prostaglandins are synthesised?

Description : How prostaglandins are synthesised?

Last Answer : The arachidonic acid is released by the action of phospholipase A2 on phospholipids prostaglandin synthesis is catalysed by prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS). It contains two separate enzyme activities, cyclo-oxygenase and peroxidase. 

Prostaglandins are stored in what form?

Description : Prostaglandins are stored in what form?

Last Answer : As precursors, as membrane phospholipids.

Prostaglandins are derived from what substance?

Description : Prostaglandins are derived from what substance?

Last Answer : Prostaglandins are derived from the PUFA. The Series 2 (with two double bonds) are derived from arachidonic acid. All naturally occurring PGs belong to the 2-series.

How prostaglandins are classified?

Description : How prostaglandins are classified?

Last Answer : According to the attachment of different substituent groups to the ring, PGs are named with capital letters such as A, B, E and F. In the same series, depending on number of double bonds on the side chains ... have two double bonds at 13-14 (trans) and 5-6 (cis). This is the most common variety.

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