A tax is characterized by horizontal equity if its liability is - (1) proportional to the income of tax payers (2) similar for tax payers in similar circumstances (3) proportional to the expenditure of tax payers (4) the same for every tax payer

A tax is characterized by horizontal equity if its liability is - (1) proportional to the income of tax payers (2) similar for tax payers in similar circumstances (3) proportional to the expenditure of tax payers (4) the same for every tax payer
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(1) proportional to the income of tax payers Explanation: The principle of equity includes both horizontal and vertical. Equity is determined by first assessing an individual's ability-to-pay. The idea of the ability-to-pay principle considers whether or not it is fair to tax someone higher just because that person has the ability and resources to pay. If it is decided that they should be required to pay more, the question of how much more arises. These questions can be analyzed through horizontal and vertical equity which are subsets of the ability-to-pay principle. Horizontal equity suggests it is fair for people of equal ability to pay the same amount in taxes.
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A tax is characterised by horizontal equity if its liability is (1) proportional to the income of tax payers (2) similar for tax payers in similar circumstances (3) proportional to the expenditure of tax payers (4) the same for every tax payer

Description : A tax is characterised by horizontal equity if its liability is (1) proportional to the income of tax payers (2) similar for tax payers in similar circumstances (3) proportional to the expenditure of tax payers (4) the same for every tax payer

Last Answer : proportional to the income of tax payers 

Indirect tax means : (1) there is not direct relationship between the tax payer and the government. (2) direct relationship between tax payer and the government. (3) tax base is income (4) the incidence and impact are on the same person on whom tax is imposed.

Description : Indirect tax means : (1) there is not direct relationship between the tax payer and the government. (2) direct relationship between tax payer and the government. (3) tax base is income (4) the incidence and impact are on the same person on whom tax is imposed.

Last Answer : (1) there is not direct relationship between the tax payer and the government. Explanation: The term indirect tax has more than one meaning. In the colloquial sense, an indirect tax (such as ... which is collected directly by government from the persons (legal or natural) on which it is imposed.

Indirect tax means : (1) there is not direct relationship between the tax payer and the government. (2) direct relationship between tax payer and the government. (3) tax base is income (4) the incidence and impact are on the same person on whom tax is imposed.

Description : Indirect tax means : (1) there is not direct relationship between the tax payer and the government. (2) direct relationship between tax payer and the government. (3) tax base is income (4) the incidence and impact are on the same person on whom tax is imposed.

Last Answer : there is not direct relationship between the tax payer and the government.

Forced Savings refer to - (1) Reduction of consumption consequent to a rise in prices (2) Taxes on individual income and wealth (3) Compulsory deposits imposed on income tax payers (4) Provident fund contribution of private sector employees

Description : Forced Savings refer to - (1) Reduction of consumption consequent to a rise in prices (2) Taxes on individual income and wealth (3) Compulsory deposits imposed on income tax payers (4) Provident fund contribution of private sector employees

Last Answer : (1) Reduction of consumption consequent to a rise in prices Explanation: Forced saving is an economic situation in which consumers spend less than their disposable income, not because they want to ... free economy, this situation would normally result in increase in prices and inflow of more goods.

Forced Savings refer to (1) Reduction of consumption consequent to a rise in prices (2) Taxes on individual income and wealth (3) Compulsory deposits imposed on income tax payers (4) Provident fund contribution of private sector employees

Description : Forced Savings refer to (1) Reduction of consumption consequent to a rise in prices (2) Taxes on individual income and wealth (3) Compulsory deposits imposed on income tax payers (4) Provident fund contribution of private sector employees

Last Answer :  Reduction of consumption consequent to a rise in prices

Why do we allow the Federal Reserve loan money to commercial banks at almost 0% interest, who then loan the tax payers this money at a much higher interest rate?

Description : Why do we allow the Federal Reserve loan money to commercial banks at almost 0% interest, who then loan the tax payers this money at a much higher interest rate?

Last Answer : If you want to learn more about the Federal Reserve system and how it works, start with Wikipedia and then, for fun, consider asking targeted questions of the conspiracy theorists here on Fluther. ... takes something of yours. Interest happens when you choose to pay for the opportunity to borrow.

Laffer curve is related to (a) Tax rate and tax revenue. (b) Aggregate tax and aggregate non-tax revenue. (c) Total tax burden and total payment burden. (d) Total income and total expenditure.

Description : Laffer curve is related to (a) Tax rate and tax revenue. (b) Aggregate tax and aggregate non-tax revenue. (c) Total tax burden and total payment burden. (d) Total income and total expenditure.

Last Answer : (c) Total tax burden and total payment burden.

If the tax rate increases with the higher level of income, it shall be called - (1) Proportional tax (2) Progressive tax (3) Lump sum tax (4) Regressive tax

Description : If the tax rate increases with the higher level of income, it shall be called - (1) Proportional tax (2) Progressive tax (3) Lump sum tax (4) Regressive tax

Last Answer : (2) Progressive tax Explanation: A progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases." Progressive" describes a distribution effect on income or expenditure, ... -to-pay, as they shift the incidence increasingly to those with a higher ability-to-pay.

If the tax rate increases with the higher level of income, it shall be called (1) Proportional tax (2) Progressive tax (3) Lump sum tax (4) Regressive tax

Description : If the tax rate increases with the higher level of income, it shall be called (1) Proportional tax (2) Progressive tax (3) Lump sum tax (4) Regressive tax

Last Answer : Progressive tax

For USA tax payers; How's your "tax cut" working out?

Description : For USA tax payers; How's your "tax cut" working out?

Last Answer : I owe $2K more than I did last year, thanks to the tax cut. What a crock.

Are TV channels funded by advertising on average better than TV channels funded by tax payers?

Description : Are TV channels funded by advertising on average better than TV channels funded by tax payers?

Last Answer : answer:TV stations make far more off advertising than their competition that gets tax dollars. The big cable networks you DIDN’T list actually tend to make the most. Like ESPN, Comedy Central, the NFL network…. stuff like that.

Do you think the government are using tax payers money well?

Description : Do you think the government are using tax payers money well?

Last Answer : They might use it well in other countries which I presume they do but for my country it really saddening. Embezzlement of funds is the order of the day and it seem it wouldn't be stopped ... wish others will do same so that our collective effort will help steer the ship in the right direction.

An indifference curve measures the same level of - (1) Output from two factors (2) Satisfaction from two commodities (3) Satisfaction from Income and Capital (4) Satisfaction from expenditure and savings

Description : An indifference curve measures the same level of - (1) Output from two factors (2) Satisfaction from two commodities (3) Satisfaction from Income and Capital (4) Satisfaction from expenditure and savings

Last Answer : (2) Satisfaction from two commodities Explanation: An indifference curve is a locus of combinations of goods which derive the same level of satisfaction. so that the consumer is indifferent ... of various points showing different combinations of two goods providing equal utility to the consumer

An indifference curve measures the same level of (1) Output from two factors (2) Satisfaction from two commodities (3) Satisfaction from Income and Capital (4) Satisfaction from expenditure and savings

Description : An indifference curve measures the same level of (1) Output from two factors (2) Satisfaction from two commodities (3) Satisfaction from Income and Capital (4) Satisfaction from expenditure and savings

Last Answer : Satisfaction from two commodities

What does ' tax payer ' say in one word ?

Description : What does ' tax payer ' say in one word ?

Last Answer : Tax payers say in one word- tax.

The heading for a post-closing trial balance has a date line that is similar to the one found on a. a balance sheet. b. an income statement. c. an stockholders' equity statement. d. the worksheet.

Description : The heading for a post-closing trial balance has a date line that is similar to the one found on a. a balance sheet. b. an income statement. c. an stockholders' equity statement. d. the worksheet.

Last Answer : a balance sheet.

Net worth refers to owner’s-------------------------- a) Equity b) Solvency c) Liability d) None of these

Description : Net worth refers to owner’s-------------------------- a) Equity b) Solvency c) Liability d) None of these

Last Answer : a) Equity

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Description : Depreciation (A) Costs (on annual basis) are constant when the straight line method is used for its determination (B) Is the unavoidable loss in the value of the plant, equipment and materials with lapse in time ... income tax liability on cash flows from an investment (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

Last Answer : (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

Income tax payable come under ------------------ a) Long term liability b) Long term fund c) Current liability d) Other liabilities

Description : Income tax payable come under ------------------ a) Long term liability b) Long term fund c) Current liability d) Other liabilities

Last Answer : c) Current liability

Accounting furnishes data on A) Income and cost for the managers B) Financial conditions of the institutions C) Company’s tax liability for a particular year D) All the above

Description : Accounting furnishes data on A) Income and cost for the managers B) Financial conditions of the institutions C) Company’s tax liability for a particular year D) All the above

Last Answer : Answer: D

The balance of payments equals (a) The difference between household spending over earnings (b) The difference between government expenditure over its income © A measure of the value of economic transactions between residents of a country and rest of the world (d) The difference between inflation and unemployment.

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Last Answer : © A measure of the value of economic transactions between residents of a country and rest of the world

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Description : The difference between the GNP and the NNP is equal to the - (1) consumer expenditure on durable goods (2) direct tax revenue (3) indirect tax revenue (4) capital depreciation

Last Answer : (4) capital depreciation Explanation: Depreciation refers to two very different but related concepts: the decrease in value of assets (fair value depreciation), and the allocation of the cost of ... equal to capital depreciation. It is the wearing out, breaking down, or technological obsolescence.

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Description : Which of the following taxes are levied and collected by the centre but their net proceeds are wholly transferred to states? (1) Expenditure Tax and Gift Tax (2) Additional Duties of Excise in lieu of Sales Tax (3) Stamps and Registration (4) Taxes on Advertisement

Last Answer : (4) Taxes on Advertisement Explanation: Apart from taxes levied and collected by the States, the Constitution has provided for the revenues for certain taxes on the Union List to be allotted ... exchanges and future markets; and Taxes on sale and purchase of newspapers and advertisements therein.

Who among the following has suggested tax on expenditure? (1) Dalton (2) Kaldor (3) Musgrave (4) Gautam Mathur

Description : Who among the following has suggested tax on expenditure? (1) Dalton (2) Kaldor (3) Musgrave (4) Gautam Mathur

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Which one of the following is NOT an example of indirect tax? (1) Sales tax (2) Excise duty (3) Customs duty (4) Expenditure tax

Description : Which one of the following is NOT an example of indirect tax? (1) Sales tax (2) Excise duty (3) Customs duty (4) Expenditure tax

Last Answer : (4) Expenditure tax Explanation: Expenditure tax is a taxation plan that replaces the income tax (a direct tax). Instead of applying a tax based on the income earned, tax is allocated based on the ... a consumption tax. The major benefit for this type of tax scheme is the removal of double taxation.

Which of the following taxes are levied and collected by the centre but their net proceeds are wholly transferred to states ? (1) Expenditure Tax and Gift Tax (2) Additional Duties of Excise in lieu of Sales Tax (3) Stamps and Registration (4) Taxes on Advertisement

Description : Which of the following taxes are levied and collected by the centre but their net proceeds are wholly transferred to states ? (1) Expenditure Tax and Gift Tax (2) Additional Duties of Excise in lieu of Sales Tax (3) Stamps and Registration (4) Taxes on Advertisement

Last Answer : Taxes on Advertisement

Who among the following has suggested tax on expenditure? (1) Dalton (2) Kaldor (3) Musgrave (4) Gautam Mathur

Description : Who among the following has suggested tax on expenditure? (1) Dalton (2) Kaldor (3) Musgrave (4) Gautam Mathur

Last Answer : Kaldor

Which one of the following is NOT an example of indirect tax? (1) Sales tax (2) Excise duty (3) Customs duty (4) Expenditure tax

Description : Which one of the following is NOT an example of indirect tax? (1) Sales tax (2) Excise duty (3) Customs duty (4) Expenditure tax

Last Answer : Expenditure tax

The difference between the GNP and the NNP is equal to the (1) consumer expenditure on durable goods (2) direct tax revenue (3) indirect tax revenue (4) capital depreciation

Description : The difference between the GNP and the NNP is equal to the (1) consumer expenditure on durable goods (2) direct tax revenue (3) indirect tax revenue (4) capital depreciation

Last Answer : capital depreciation

A demand curve will not shift: (1) When only income changes (2) When only prices of substitute products change (3) When there is a change in advertisement expenditure (4) When only price of the commodity changes

Description : A demand curve will not shift: (1) When only income changes (2) When only prices of substitute products change (3) When there is a change in advertisement expenditure (4) When only price of the commodity changes

Last Answer : (4) When only price of the commodity changes Explanation: In economics, the demand curve is the graph depicting the relationship between the price of a certain commodity and the amount of it that ... only when there is a change in other determinants of demand, other than price of the commodity.

National income accounting is the study of the income and expenditure of the entire - (1) family (2) state (3) economy (4) organisation

Description : National income accounting is the study of the income and expenditure of the entire - (1) family (2) state (3) economy (4) organisation

Last Answer : (3) economy Explanation: National Income Accounting is a set of principles and methods used to measure the income and production of a country. There are basically two ways of measuring ... the total of incomes derived from economic activity after allowance has been made for capital consumption.

A siuation where we have people whose level of income is not sufficient to meet the minimum consumption expenditure is considered as - (1) Absolute Poverty (2) Relative Poverty (3) Urban Poverty (4) Rural Poverty

Description : A siuation where we have people whose level of income is not sufficient to meet the minimum consumption expenditure is considered as - (1) Absolute Poverty (2) Relative Poverty (3) Urban Poverty (4) Rural Poverty

Last Answer : (1) Absolute Poverty Explanation: Absolute poverty is defined as a situation in which the individual's basic needs are not covered, in other words, there is a lack of basic goods and services ( ... shelter, education and information. It depends not only on income but also on access to services."

Which one of following represents the Savings of the Private Corporate Sector? (1) Dividends paid to shareholders (2) Total profits of a company (3) Undistributed profits (4) Excess of income over expenditure

Description : Which one of following represents the Savings of the Private Corporate Sector? (1) Dividends paid to shareholders (2) Total profits of a company (3) Undistributed profits (4) Excess of income over expenditure

Last Answer : (3) Undistributed profits Explanation: For private corporate sector, retained profits adjusted for non operating surplus/deficit is considered as its Net Saving. Retained profits are those ... commitments to depreciation provision for various fixed assets, debts, government and to shareholders.

Which of the following results by dividing national income by size of population? (1) Per capita income (2) Subsistence level (3) Subsistence expenditure- (4) Per capita production

Description : Which of the following results by dividing national income by size of population? (1) Per capita income (2) Subsistence level (3) Subsistence expenditure- (4) Per capita production

Last Answer : (1) Per capita income Explanation: Per capita income or average income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by ... in the aggregate (such as GDP or Gross National Income) and dividing it by the total population.

Whch of the following curve describes the variation of household expenditure on a particular good with respect to household income? (1) Demand curve (2) Engel curve (3) Great Cats by curve (4) Cost curve

Description : Whch of the following curve describes the variation of household expenditure on a particular good with respect to household income? (1) Demand curve (2) Engel curve (3) Great Cats by curve (4) Cost curve

Last Answer : (2) Engel curve Explanation: In microeconomics, an Engel curve describes how household expenditure on a particular good or service varies with household income. The curve is named after ... was the first to investigate this relationship between goods expenditure and income systematically in 1857.

Which one of the following is not a method for computing GNP? (1) Income Approach (2) Expenditure Approach (3) Savings Approach (4) Value Added Approach

Description : Which one of the following is not a method for computing GNP? (1) Income Approach (2) Expenditure Approach (3) Savings Approach (4) Value Added Approach

Last Answer : (1) Income Approach Explanation: Gross National Product (GNP) can be defined as an economic statistic which includes Gross Domestic Product, plus any income earned by the residents from investments ... foreign countries by the residents of a country - income earned by nonresidents in that country.

Which one of the following is not a method of estimating National Income? (1) Expenditure method (2) Product method (3) Matrix method (4) Income method

Description : Which one of the following is not a method of estimating National Income? (1) Expenditure method (2) Product method (3) Matrix method (4) Income method

Last Answer : (3) Matrix method Explanation: The matrix method is a structural analysis method used as a fundamental principle in many applications in civil engineering. The method is carried out, using ... of measuring national income. The methods are product method, income method and expenditure method.

Which of the following is not included in the National Income? (1) Imputed rent of owner-occupied houses (2) Government expenditure on making new bridges (3) Winning a lottery (4) Commission paid to an agent for sale of house

Description : Which of the following is not included in the National Income? (1) Imputed rent of owner-occupied houses (2) Government expenditure on making new bridges (3) Winning a lottery (4) Commission paid to an agent for sale of house

Last Answer : (3) Winning a lottery Explanation: National income is the total value a country's final output of all new goods and services produced in one year. Transfer payments are not a ... pensions, charity, scholarships etc. Privatesector transfers include charitable donations and prizes to lottery winners.

The functional relationship between income and consumption expenditure is explained by - (1) Consumer' Surplus (2) Law of Demand (3) Law of Supply (4) Keynes's psychological law of consumption

Description : The functional relationship between income and consumption expenditure is explained by - (1) Consumer' Surplus (2) Law of Demand (3) Law of Supply (4) Keynes's psychological law of consumption

Last Answer : (4) Keynes's psychological law of consumption Explanation: Keynes defined Psychological Law of Consumption in terms of, "The fundamental psychological law, upon which we are entitled to depend with great ... consumption as their income increases but not by as much as the increase in the income."

While determining income the expenditure on which of the following items is not considered as investment? (1) Construction of factory (2) Computer (3) Increase in the stock of unsold articles (4) Stock and share in joint stock company

Description : While determining income the expenditure on which of the following items is not considered as investment? (1) Construction of factory (2) Computer (3) Increase in the stock of unsold articles (4) Stock and share in joint stock company

Last Answer : (3) Increase in the stock of unsold articles Explanation: The gross national product is the sum total of all final goods and services produced by the people of one country in one year. The GNP is a ... net exports (Xn). Increase in the stock of unsold articles do not come under any of these heads.

What is "book-building"? (1) Preparing the income and expenditure ledgers of a company (book-keeping) (2) Manipulating the profit and loss statements of a company (3) A process of inviting subscriptions to a public offer of securities, essentially through a tendering process (4) Publishers' activity

Description : What is "book-building"? (1) Preparing the income and expenditure ledgers of a company (book-keeping) (2) Manipulating the profit and loss statements of a company (3) A process of inviting subscriptions to a public offer of securities, essentially through a tendering process (4) Publishers' activity

Last Answer : (3) A process of inviting subscriptions to a public offer of securities, essentially through a tendering process Explanation: Book building refers to the process of generating, capturing, and recording investor ... a base price and a band within which the investor is allowed to bid for shares.

Investment and savings are kept equal through a change in the level of - (1) Consumption (2) Investment (3) Government expenditure (4) Income

Description : Investment and savings are kept equal through a change in the level of - (1) Consumption (2) Investment (3) Government expenditure (4) Income

Last Answer : (1) Consumption Explanation: Desired savings are kept equal to desired investment by responses to interest rate changes. Savings identity or the savings investment identity is a concept in ... brings savings and investment into balance without any intention by business to increase investment.

The method of calculating the national income by the product method is otherwise known as : (1) Income method (2) Value added method (3) Expenditure method (4) Net output method

Description : The method of calculating the national income by the product method is otherwise known as : (1) Income method (2) Value added method (3) Expenditure method (4) Net output method

Last Answer : (4) Net output method Explanation: Primarily there are three methods of measuring national income. Which method is to be employed depends on the availability of data and purpose. The methods ... account. In this method, National Output = National Expenditure (Aggregate Demand) = National Income.

Micro-economics is also called : (1) Income theory (2) Investment theory (3) Price theory (4) Expenditure theory

Description : Micro-economics is also called : (1) Income theory (2) Investment theory (3) Price theory (4) Expenditure theory

Last Answer : (3) Price theory Explanation: Microeconomics is the branch of economics concerned with isolated parts of the economy, for example, individual people, firms or industries. It involves such topics as the theory of prices and of the firm.

Which one of the following is not a method of measurement of National Income? (1) Value Added Method (2) Income Method (3) Investment Method (4) Expenditure Method

Description : Which one of the following is not a method of measurement of National Income? (1) Value Added Method (2) Income Method (3) Investment Method (4) Expenditure Method

Last Answer : (3) Investment Method Explanation: Primarily there are three methods of measuring national income. The methods are product method, income method and expenditure method. Product method is given by Dr. Alfred ... properties where evidence of rates is slight, such as hotels, cinema, car park and etc.

Multiplier process in economic theory is conventionally taken to mean: (1) the manner in which prices increase (2) the manner in which banks create credit (3) income of an economy grows on account of an initial investment (4) the manner in which government expenditure increases

Description : Multiplier process in economic theory is conventionally taken to mean: (1) the manner in which prices increase (2) the manner in which banks create credit (3) income of an economy grows on account of an initial investment (4) the manner in which government expenditure increases

Last Answer : (3) income of an economy grows on account of an initial investment Explanation: In economics, a multiplier is a factor of proportionality that measures how much an endogenous variable changes in response to a change in ... of the U.S. money supply, and MO as a measure of the U.S. monetary base.

In India agricultural income is calculated by (a) Income method (b) Output method © Expenditure method (d) None of them.

Description : In India agricultural income is calculated by (a) Income method (b) Output method © Expenditure method (d) None of them.

Last Answer : (b) Output method

A situation where we have people whose level of income is not sufficient to meet the minimum consumption expenditure is considered as (1) Absolute Poverty (2) Relative Poverty (3) Urban Poverty (4) Rural Poverty

Description : A situation where we have people whose level of income is not sufficient to meet the minimum consumption expenditure is considered as (1) Absolute Poverty (2) Relative Poverty (3) Urban Poverty (4) Rural Poverty

Last Answer : Absolute Poverty

What is “book-building” ? (1) Preparing the income and expenditure ledgers of a company (book-keeping) (2) Manipulating the profit and loss statements of a company (3) A process of inviting subscriptions to a public offer of securities, essentially through a tendering process (4) Publishers’ activity

Description : What is book-building ? (1) Preparing the income and expenditure ledgers of a company (book-keeping) (2) Manipulating the profit and loss statements of a company (3) A process ... subscriptions to a public offer of securities, essentially through a tendering process (4) Publishers' activity

Last Answer : A process of inviting subscriptions to a public offer of securities, essentially through a tendering process

Which of the following curve describes the variation of household expenditure on a particular good with respect to household income ? (1) Demand curve (2) Engel curve (3) Great Gatsby curve (4) Cost curve

Description : Which of the following curve describes the variation of household expenditure on a particular good with respect to household income ? (1) Demand curve (2) Engel curve (3) Great Gatsby curve (4) Cost curve

Last Answer : Engel curve