Average propensity to consume is defined as - (1) Aggregate consumption +Total population (2) Aggregate income ÷ Aggregate consumption (3) Change in consumption ÷ Change in income (4) Aggregate consumption +Aggregate income

Average propensity to consume is defined as - (1) Aggregate consumption +Total population (2) Aggregate income ÷ Aggregate consumption (3) Change in consumption ÷ Change in income (4) Aggregate consumption +Aggregate income
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(4) Aggregate consumption +Aggregate income Explanation: In economics, the average propensity to consume (APC) is defined as the ratio of aggregate or total consumption to aggregate income in a given period of time. Thus, the value of average propensity to consume, for any income level, may be found by dividing consumption by income.
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The marginal propensity to consume is equal to (a) Total spending/Total consumption (b) Total consumption/ Total income. © Change in consumption/ Change in income (d) Change in consumption/ Change in savings.

Description : The marginal propensity to consume is equal to (a) Total spending/Total consumption (b) Total consumption/ Total income. © Change in consumption/ Change in income (d) Change in consumption/ Change in savings.

Last Answer : © Change in consumption/ Change in income

Which of the following are not characteristics of Keynesian consumption function? (a) The main influence on consumption in the short run is current disposable income (b) The marginal propensity to consume is less than one © The average propensity to consume decreases as income increases (d) The average propensity to consume increases as income increases

Description : Which of the following are not characteristics of Keynesian consumption function? (a) The main influence on consumption in the short run is current disposable income (b) The marginal ... consume decreases as income increases (d) The average propensity to consume increases as income increases

Last Answer : d) The average propensity to consume increases as income increases

What is "mpc"• or the 'marginal propensity to consume'? a) the proportion of total additional planned savings to total additional income b) the proportion of total additional income to total additional planned savings c) the fraction of total additional income that is used for consumption d) none of the above

Description : What is "mpc" or the 'marginal propensity to consume'? a) the proportion of total additional planned savings to total additional income b) the proportion of total additional income to total additional ... c) the fraction of total additional income that is used for consumption d) none of the above

Last Answer : : c) the fraction of total additional income that is used for consumption

Marginal Propensity to Consume is (a) Increase in consumption due to one unit increase in income. (b) Total consumption divided by total income. © Both (a) and (b). (d) Neither (a) nor (b).

Description : Marginal Propensity to Consume is (a) Increase in consumption due to one unit increase in income. (b) Total consumption divided by total income. © Both (a) and (b). (d) Neither (a) nor (b).

Last Answer : (a) Increase in consumption due to one unit increase in income.

The cost of borrowing is equal to marginal propensity to consume. 21. Investment is (a) An injection that increases aggregate demand (b) An withdrawal that increases aggregate demand © An injection that decreases aggregate demand (d) An withdrawal that decreases aggregate demand

Description : The cost of borrowing is equal to marginal propensity to consume. 21. Investment is (a) An injection that increases aggregate demand (b) An withdrawal that increases aggregate demand © An injection that decreases aggregate demand (d) An withdrawal that decreases aggregate demand

Last Answer : a) An injection that increases aggregate demand

Over short period, when income rises, average propensity to consume usually - (1) rises (2) falls (3) remains constant (4) fluctuates

Description : Over short period, when income rises, average propensity to consume usually - (1) rises (2) falls (3) remains constant (4) fluctuates

Last Answer : (2) falls Explanation: Keynes postulated that aggregate consumption is a function of aggregate current disposable income. The Keynesian consumption function is written as: C = a + eY a > 0, 0 < c < 1; ... the disposal in-come. So as income increases, average propensity to consume (APC = C/Y) falls.

Over short period, when income rises, average propensity to consume usually (1) rises (2) falls (3) remains constant (4) fluctuates

Description : Over short period, when income rises, average propensity to consume usually (1) rises (2) falls (3) remains constant (4) fluctuates

Last Answer : falls

An increase in marginal propensity to consume will (a) Lead to the consumption function becoming steeper. (b) Shift the consumption function upwards. © Shift the consumption function downwards. (d) Shift the savings function upwards.

Description : An increase in marginal propensity to consume will (a) Lead to the consumption function becoming steeper. (b) Shift the consumption function upwards. © Shift the consumption function downwards. (d) Shift the savings function upwards.

Last Answer : d) Lead to the consumption function becoming steeper.

Consumption demand does not depend upon the level of (a) Income ; (b) Propensity to consume ; (c) Consumer spending ; (d) Marginal efficiency of investment.

Description : Consumption demand does not depend upon the level of (a) Income ; (b) Propensity to consume ; (c) Consumer spending ; (d) Marginal efficiency of investment.

Last Answer : (d) Marginal efficiency of investment.  

The Keynesian consumption function shows a relation between - (1) aggregate consumption and total population. (2) aggregate consumption and general price level. (3) aggregate consumption and aggregate income (4) aggregate consumption and interest rate

Description : The Keynesian consumption function shows a relation between - (1) aggregate consumption and total population. (2) aggregate consumption and general price level. (3) aggregate consumption and aggregate income (4) aggregate consumption and interest rate

Last Answer : (3) aggregate consumption and aggregate income Explanation: According to Keynesian Theory of consumption, the current real disposable income is the most important determinant of consumption in the short run. It bases consumption on current income.

The Keynesian consumption function shows a relation between (1) aggregate consumption and total population. (2) aggregate consumption and general price level. (3) aggregate consumption and aggregate income (4) aggregate consumption and interest rate

Description : The Keynesian consumption function shows a relation between (1) aggregate consumption and total population. (2) aggregate consumption and general price level. (3) aggregate consumption and aggregate income (4) aggregate consumption and interest rate 

Last Answer : aggregate consumption and aggregate income

The slope of the consumption curve connotes (a) Average propensity to save ; (b) Marginal Propensity to consume ; (c) Marginal propensity to save ; (d) Level of consumption in the economy.

Description : The slope of the consumption curve connotes (a) Average propensity to save ; (b) Marginal Propensity to consume ; (c) Marginal propensity to save ; (d) Level of consumption in the economy. 

Last Answer : (b) Marginal Propensity to consume ;

An increase in investment is caused by (a) Lower interest rates (b) Expectations of lower national income © A decrease in the marginal propensity to consume (d) An increase in withdrawals

Description : An increase in investment is caused by (a) Lower interest rates (b) Expectations of lower national income © A decrease in the marginal propensity to consume (d) An increase in withdrawals

Last Answer : (a) Lower interest rates

What is "mps"• or the 'marginal propensity to save'? a) the proportion of total additional planned savings to total additional income b) the proportion of total additional income to total additional planned savings c) the fraction of total additional income that is used for consumption d) none of the above

Description : What is "mps" or the 'marginal propensity to save'? a) the proportion of total additional planned savings to total additional income b) the proportion of total additional income to total additional ... c) the fraction of total additional income that is used for consumption d) none of the above

Last Answer : a) the proportion of total additional planned savings to total additional incom

The average propensity to consume is measured by (a) C/Y (b) C=Y © Y/C (d) C+Y

Description : The average propensity to consume is measured by (a) C/Y (b) C=Y © Y/C (d) C+Y

Last Answer : a) C/Y

By definition, the marginal propensity to consume (a) Equals ΔC/ΔYd ; (b) Is the behavioral coefficient c in the equation C = a + cYd; (c) Is the slope of the consumption function ; (d) All the above

Description : By definition, the marginal propensity to consume (a) Equals ΔC/ΔYd ; (b) Is the behavioral coefficient c in the equation C = a + cYd; (c) Is the slope of the consumption function ; (d) All the above 

Last Answer : (d) All the above

A profit maximizing firm will invest up to the level of investment where (a) The cost of borrowing equals marginal efficiency of capital (b) The cost of borrowing is greater than marginal efficiency of capital © The cost of borrowing is less than marginal efficiency of capital (d) The cost of borrowing is equal to marginal propensity to consume.

Description : A profit maximizing firm will invest up to the level of investment where (a) The cost of borrowing equals marginal efficiency of capital (b) The cost of borrowing is greater than marginal ... marginal efficiency of capital (d) The cost of borrowing is equal to marginal propensity to consume.

Last Answer : (a) The cost of borrowing equals marginal efficiency of capital

.An increases in investment is most likely to be caused by (a) Lower interest rates (b) Expectations of lower national incomes © A decrease in the marginal propensity to consume (d) An increase in withdrawals.

Description : .An increases in investment is most likely to be caused by (a) Lower interest rates (b) Expectations of lower national incomes © A decrease in the marginal propensity to consume (d) An increase in withdrawals.

Last Answer : (a) Lower interest rates

The marginal propensity to consume lies between (1) 0 to 1 (2) 0 to ¥ (3) 1 to ¥ (4) ¥ to ¥

Description : The marginal propensity to consume lies between (1) 0 to 1 (2) 0 to ¥ (3) 1 to ¥ (4) ¥ to ¥

Last Answer : 0 to 1

An increase in consumption at any given level of income will lead to (a) Higher aggregate demand. (b) An increase in exports. © A fall in taxation revenue. (d) A decrease in import spending.

Description : An increase in consumption at any given level of income will lead to (a) Higher aggregate demand. (b) An increase in exports. © A fall in taxation revenue. (d) A decrease in import spending.

Last Answer : (a) Higher aggregate demand.

According to Keynes, business cycles are due to variation in the rate of investment caused by fluctuations, in the - (1) Marginal efficiency of capital (2) Marginal propensity to save (3) Marginal propensity to consumption (4) Marginal efficiency to investment

Description : According to Keynes, business cycles are due to variation in the rate of investment caused by fluctuations, in the - (1) Marginal efficiency of capital (2) Marginal propensity to save (3) Marginal propensity to consumption (4) Marginal efficiency to investment

Last Answer : (1) Marginal efficiency of capital Explanation: According to Keynes' General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money,' business cycles are caused by variations in the rate of investment ... efficiency of capital. Marginal efficiency of capital means the expected profits from new investments.

According to Keynes, business cycles are due to variation in the rate of investment caused by fluctuations , in the (1) Marginal efficiency of capital (2) Marginal propensity to save (3) Marginal propensity to consumption (4) Marginal efficiency to investment

Description : According to Keynes, business cycles are due to variation in the rate of investment caused by fluctuations , in the (1) Marginal efficiency of capital (2) Marginal propensity to save (3) Marginal propensity to consumption (4) Marginal efficiency to investment

Last Answer : Marginal efficiency of capital

Laffer curve is related to (a) Tax rate and tax revenue. (b) Aggregate tax and aggregate non-tax revenue. (c) Total tax burden and total payment burden. (d) Total income and total expenditure.

Description : Laffer curve is related to (a) Tax rate and tax revenue. (b) Aggregate tax and aggregate non-tax revenue. (c) Total tax burden and total payment burden. (d) Total income and total expenditure.

Last Answer : (c) Total tax burden and total payment burden.

Which of the following does not cause a shift in aggregate demand ? (a) Consumption (b) Government expenditure (c) Investment (d) Prices

Description : Which of the following does not cause a shift in aggregate demand ? (a) Consumption (b) Government expenditure (c) Investment (d) Prices

Last Answer : (d) Prices

The relationship between aggregate consumption expenditure and aggregate income of household sector is known as ………………………. function. (a) Consumption ; (b) Saving ; (c) Expenditure ; (d) Income

Description : The relationship between aggregate consumption expenditure and aggregate income of household sector is known as ………………………. function. (a) Consumption ; (b) Saving ; (c) Expenditure ; (d) Income

Last Answer : (a) Consumption

If the Keynesian consumption function is, C=10+.8Y, if income is Rs 1000/- what is total consumption. (a) Rs .8/- (b) Rs 800/- © Rs 810/- (d) Rs .81/

Description : If the Keynesian consumption function is, C=10+.8Y, if income is Rs 1000/- what is total consumption. (a) Rs .8/- (b) Rs 800/- © Rs 810/- (d) Rs .81/

Last Answer : © Rs 810/-

Aggregate net value of the output in one year is the - (1) National income at factor cost (2) Gross Domestic Product at market prices (3) Net. National Product at market prices (4) Gross National Product at market prices

Description : Aggregate net value of the output in one year is the - (1) National income at factor cost (2) Gross Domestic Product at market prices (3) Net. National Product at market prices (4) Gross National Product at market prices

Last Answer : (3) Net. National Product at market prices Explanation: Net national product at market price is the market value of the output of final goods and services produced at current price in ... at market price, Net national product at market price=Gross national product at market priceDepreciation.

Acording to Keynesian theory of income determination, at full employment, a fall in aggregate demand causes - (1) a fall in prices of output and resources (2) a fall in real gross National product and employment (3) a rise in real gross National product and investment (4) a rise in prices of output and resources

Description : Acording to Keynesian theory of income determination, at full employment, a fall in aggregate demand causes - (1) a fall in prices of output and resources (2) a fall in real gross National product ... a rise in real gross National product and investment (4) a rise in prices of output and resources

Last Answer : (1) a fall in prices of output and resources Explanation: In 1936, John Maynard Keynes published the book "The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money to explain the prolonged and ... at a below-full-employment equilibrium. Suppose that the economy is at the full-employment equilibrium.

HDI is an aggregate measure of progress in which of the three dimensions? (1) Health, Education, Income (2) Food Security, Employment, Income (3) Agriculture, Industry, Services (4) Height, Weight, Colour

Description : HDI is an aggregate measure of progress in which of the three dimensions? (1) Health, Education, Income (2) Food Security, Employment, Income (3) Agriculture, Industry, Services (4) Height, Weight, Colour

Last Answer : (1) Health, Education, Income Explanation: The Human Development Index (HDI) is an aggregate measure of progress in three dimensions-health, education and income which are used to rank ... FIDI was developed by the Pakistani economist Mahboob ul Haq working alongside Indian economist Amartya Sen.

If an increase in investment leads to a bigger increase in national income (a) Accelerator (b) Aggregate demand © Monetarism (d) Multiplier

Description : If an increase in investment leads to a bigger increase in national income (a) Accelerator (b) Aggregate demand © Monetarism (d) Multiplier

Last Answer : (d) Multiplier

HDI is an aggregate measure of progress in which of the three dimensions? (1) Health, Education, Income (2) Food Security, Employment, Income (3) Agriculture, Industry, Services (4) Height, Weight, Colour

Description : HDI is an aggregate measure of progress in which of the three dimensions? (1) Health, Education, Income (2) Food Security, Employment, Income (3) Agriculture, Industry, Services (4) Height, Weight, Colour

Last Answer : Health, Education, Income

Aggregate net value of the output in one year is the (1) National income at factor cost (2) Gross Domestic Product at market prices (3) Net National Product at market prices (4) Gross National Product at market prices

Description : Aggregate net value of the output in one year is the (1) National income at factor cost (2) Gross Domestic Product at market prices (3) Net National Product at market prices (4) Gross National Product at market prices

Last Answer : Net National Product at market prices

According to Keynesian theory of income determination, at full employment, a fall in aggregate demand causes (1) a fall in prices of output and resources (2) a fall in real gross National product and employment (3) a rise in real gross National product and investment (4) a rise in prices of output and resources

Description : According to Keynesian theory of income determination, at full employment, a fall in aggregate demand causes (1) a fall in prices of output and resources (2) a fall in real gross National product and ... rise in real gross National product and investment (4) a rise in prices of output and resources

Last Answer :  a fall in prices of output and resources

The value of investment multiplier relates to - (1) change in income due to change in autonomous investment. (2) change in autonomous investment due to change in income. (3) change in income due to change in consumption. (4) change in the income due to change in induced investment.

Description : The value of investment multiplier relates to - (1) change in income due to change in autonomous investment. (2) change in autonomous investment due to change in income. (3) change in income due to change in consumption. (4) change in the income due to change in induced investment.

Last Answer : (2) change in autonomous investment due to change in income. Explanation: The term investment multiplier refers to the concept that any increase in public or private investment spending has a ... . The investment multiplier tries to determine the financial impact for a public or private project.

The Psychological law of consumption states that – (1) proportionate increase in consumption is less than proportionate increase in income (2) increase in income is equal to increase in consumption (3) increase in consumption is greater than increase in income (4) consumption does not change with a change in income

Description : The Psychological law of consumption states that - (1) proportionate increase in consumption is less than proportionate increase in income (2) increase in income is equal to increase in consumption (3) ... is greater than increase in income (4) consumption does not change with a change in income

Last Answer : (1) proportionate increase in consumption is less than proportionate increase in income Explanation: According to Keynes' psychological law of consumption, increased aggregate consumption due to increased ... demand of the people are already fulfilled, they start saving the extra additional income.

Investment and savings are kept equal through a change in the level of - (1) Consumption (2) Investment (3) Government expenditure (4) Income

Description : Investment and savings are kept equal through a change in the level of - (1) Consumption (2) Investment (3) Government expenditure (4) Income

Last Answer : (1) Consumption Explanation: Desired savings are kept equal to desired investment by responses to interest rate changes. Savings identity or the savings investment identity is a concept in ... brings savings and investment into balance without any intention by business to increase investment.

A price consumption curve, traces the utility maximizing combination of two goods when (a) the price of one good changes (b) the consumer’s preference change © the consumer’s income changes (d) the demand curve for one of the goods shifts rightward

Description : A price consumption curve, traces the utility maximizing combination of two goods when (a) the price of one good changes (b) the consumer’s preference change © the consumer’s income changes (d) the demand curve for one of the goods shifts rightward

Last Answer : (a) the price of one good changes

The value of investment multiplier relates to (1) change in income due to change in autonomous investment. (2) change in autonomous investment due to change in income. (3) change in income due to change in consumption. (4) change in the income due to change in induced investment.

Description : The value of investment multiplier relates to (1) change in income due to change in autonomous investment. (2) change in autonomous investment due to change in income. (3) change in income due to change in consumption. (4) change in the income due to change in induced investment.

Last Answer : change in autonomous investment due to change in income.

Investment and savings are kept equal through a change in the level of (1) Consumption (2) Investment (3) Government expenditure (4) Income

Description : Investment and savings are kept equal through a change in the level of (1) Consumption (2) Investment (3) Government expenditure (4) Income

Last Answer : Consumption

The Psychological law of consumption states that (1) proportionate increase in consumption is less than proportionate increase in income (2) increase in income is equal to increase in consumption (3) increase in consumption is greater than increase in income (4) consumption does not change with a change in income

Description : The Psychological law of consumption states that (1) proportionate increase in consumption is less than proportionate increase in income (2) increase in income is equal to increase in consumption (3) ... is greater than increase in income (4) consumption does not change with a change in income 

Last Answer : proportionate increase in consumption is less than proportionate increase in income

The population of India is about 1.2 billion. Take the average consumption of energy per person per year in India as 30 Mega Joules. If this consumption is met by carbon based fuels and the rate of carbon emissions per kilojoule is l5 x I0 6 kgs, the total carbon emissions per year from India will be (A) 54 million metric tons (B) 540 million metric tons (C) 5400 million metric tons (D) 2400 million metric tons

Description : The population of India is about 1.2 billion. Take the average consumption of energy per person per year in India as 30 Mega Joules. If this consumption is met by carbon based fuels and the rate of ... tons (B) 540 million metric tons (C) 5400 million metric tons (D) 2400 million metric tons 

Last Answer : (B) 540 million metric tons

Per capita income is calculated by dividing total national income by (a) Total population (b) Total savings © Total depreciation (d) Total investment.

Description : Per capita income is calculated by dividing total national income by (a) Total population (b) Total savings © Total depreciation (d) Total investment.

Last Answer : (a) Total population

A siuation where we have people whose level of income is not sufficient to meet the minimum consumption expenditure is considered as - (1) Absolute Poverty (2) Relative Poverty (3) Urban Poverty (4) Rural Poverty

Description : A siuation where we have people whose level of income is not sufficient to meet the minimum consumption expenditure is considered as - (1) Absolute Poverty (2) Relative Poverty (3) Urban Poverty (4) Rural Poverty

Last Answer : (1) Absolute Poverty Explanation: Absolute poverty is defined as a situation in which the individual's basic needs are not covered, in other words, there is a lack of basic goods and services ( ... shelter, education and information. It depends not only on income but also on access to services."

When income increase, consumption also increases : (1) in a lower proportion (2) in a higher proportion (3) in the same proportion (4) None of the options

Description : When income increase, consumption also increases : (1) in a lower proportion (2) in a higher proportion (3) in the same proportion (4) None of the options

Last Answer : (1) in a lower proportion Explanation: According to the Keynesian Consumption theory, "men are disposed, as a rule and on average, to increase their consumption as their income increases, but ... consume decreases, i.e., house-holds spend a decreasing proportion of marginal income on consumption.

Which of the following relations always holds true? (1) Income = Consumption + Investment (2) Income = Consumption + Saving (3) Saving = Investment (4) Income = Consumption + Saving + Investment

Description : Which of the following relations always holds true? (1) Income = Consumption + Investment (2) Income = Consumption + Saving (3) Saving = Investment (4) Income = Consumption + Saving + Investment

Last Answer : (2) Income = Consumption + Saving Explanation: Consumers do one of two things with their disposable income: They save it or they spend it. So Income = Consumption + Saving.

Consumptions function refers to - (1) relationship between income and employment (2) relationship between savings and investment (3) relationship between input and output (4) relationship between income and consumption

Description : Consumptions function refers to - (1) relationship between income and employment (2) relationship between savings and investment (3) relationship between input and output (4) relationship between income and consumption

Last Answer : (4) relationship between income and consumption Explanation: The Consumption function is a single mathematical function used to express consumer spending. It was developed by John Maynard Keynes and ... by current income and induced consumption that is influenced by the economy's income level.

The functional relationship between income and consumption expenditure is explained by - (1) Consumer' Surplus (2) Law of Demand (3) Law of Supply (4) Keynes's psychological law of consumption

Description : The functional relationship between income and consumption expenditure is explained by - (1) Consumer' Surplus (2) Law of Demand (3) Law of Supply (4) Keynes's psychological law of consumption

Last Answer : (4) Keynes's psychological law of consumption Explanation: Keynes defined Psychological Law of Consumption in terms of, "The fundamental psychological law, upon which we are entitled to depend with great ... consumption as their income increases but not by as much as the increase in the income."

Investment multiplier shows the effect of investment on - (1) Employment (2) Savings (3) Income (4) Consumption

Description : Investment multiplier shows the effect of investment on - (1) Employment (2) Savings (3) Income (4) Consumption

Last Answer : (3) Income Explanation: Investment multiplier is simply the multiplier effect of an injection of investment into an economy. The multiplier effect refers to the idea that an initial spending rise can lead to even greater increase in national income

Income and consumption are : (1) inversely related (2) directly related (3) partially related (4) unrelated.

Description : Income and consumption are : (1) inversely related (2) directly related (3) partially related (4) unrelated.

Last Answer : (2) directly related Explanation: Consumption and income arc directly or positively related. An increase in income is associated with an increase in income; a decrease in consumption accompanies a decrease in income.

Forced Savings refer to - (1) Reduction of consumption consequent to a rise in prices (2) Taxes on individual income and wealth (3) Compulsory deposits imposed on income tax payers (4) Provident fund contribution of private sector employees

Description : Forced Savings refer to - (1) Reduction of consumption consequent to a rise in prices (2) Taxes on individual income and wealth (3) Compulsory deposits imposed on income tax payers (4) Provident fund contribution of private sector employees

Last Answer : (1) Reduction of consumption consequent to a rise in prices Explanation: Forced saving is an economic situation in which consumers spend less than their disposable income, not because they want to ... free economy, this situation would normally result in increase in prices and inflow of more goods.