Superinfections are more common with (a) Use of narrow spectrum antibiotics (b) Short courses of antibiotics (c) Use of antibiotics that are completely absorbed from the small intestines (d) Use of antibiotic combinations covering both gram positive and gram negative bacteria

Superinfections are more common with (a) Use of narrow spectrum antibiotics (b) Short courses of antibiotics (c) Use of antibiotics that are completely absorbed from the small intestines (d) Use of antibiotic combinations covering both gram positive and gram negative bacteria
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Superinfections are more common with: A. Use of narrow spectrum antibiotics B. Short courses of antibiotics C. Use of antibiotics that are completely absorbed from the small intestines D. Use of antibiotic combinations covering both gram positive and gram negative bacteria

Description : Superinfections are more common with: A. Use of narrow spectrum antibiotics B. Short courses of antibiotics C. Use of antibiotics that are completely absorbed from the small intestines D. Use of antibiotic combinations covering both gram positive and gram negative bacteria

Last Answer : D. Use of antibiotic combinations covering both gram positive and gram negative bacteria

What is the most important reason for restricted clinical use of chloramphenicol ? (a) Its narrow spectrum of activity (b) Emergence of chloramphenicol resistance (c) Its potential to cause bone marrow depression (d) Its potential to cause superinfections

Description : What is the most important reason for restricted clinical use of chloramphenicol ? (a) Its narrow spectrum of activity (b) Emergence of chloramphenicol resistance (c) Its potential to cause bone marrow depression (d) Its potential to cause superinfections

Last Answer : Ans: C

Compared to older tetracyclines, doxycycline produces a lower incidence of superinfection diarrhoea because (a) It is completely absorbed in the small intestines so that drug concentration in the colonic contents is low (b) It is inactivated by the gut microflora (c) It is not active against the microbes of the normal gut flora (d) It is a potent tetracycline and inhibits the superinfection causing microbes as well

Description : Compared to older tetracyclines, doxycycline produces a lower incidence of superinfection diarrhoea because (a) It is completely absorbed in the small intestines so that drug concentration in the colonic ... (d) It is a potent tetracycline and inhibits the superinfection causing microbes as well

Last Answer : Ans: A

The following strategy will promote rather than curb emergence of antibiotic resistant micro-organisms: A. Whenever possible use broad spectrum antibiotics B. Prefer a narrow spectrum antibiotic to a broad spectrum one if both are equally effective C. Prefer short and intensive courses of antibiotics D. Use antibiotic combinations for prolonged therapy

Description : The following strategy will promote rather than curb emergence of antibiotic resistant micro-organisms: A. Whenever possible use broad spectrum antibiotics B. Prefer a narrow spectrum ... Prefer short and intensive courses of antibiotics D. Use antibiotic combinations for prolonged therapy

Last Answer : A. Whenever possible use broad spectrum antibiotics

Widespread and prolonged used of an antibiotic leads to emergence of drug resistant strains because antibiotics (a) Induce mutation in the bacteria (b) Promote conjugation among bacteria (c) Allow resistant strains to propagate preferentially (d) All of the above

Description : Widespread and prolonged used of an antibiotic leads to emergence of drug resistant strains because antibiotics (a) Induce mutation in the bacteria (b) Promote conjugation among bacteria (c) Allow resistant strains to propagate preferentially (d) All of the above

Last Answer : Ans: C

The most important reason for highly restricted use of penicillin G injections in present day therapeutics is its (a) Narrow spectrum of activity (b) Potential to cause hypersensitivity reaction (c) Short duration of action (d) Neurotoxicity

Description : The most important reason for highly restricted use of penicillin G injections in present day therapeutics is its (a) Narrow spectrum of activity (b) Potential to cause hypersensitivity reaction (c) Short duration of action (d) Neurotoxicity

Last Answer : Ans: B

The primary mechanism underlying the resistance of gram-positive organisms to macrolide antibiotics is (a) Methylation of binding sites on the 50S ribosomal subunit (b) Formation of esterases that hydrolyze the lactone ring (c) Increased activity of efflux mechanisms (d) Formation of drug-inactivating acetyltranferases (e) Decreased drug permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane

Description : The primary mechanism underlying the resistance of gram-positive organisms to macrolide antibiotics is (a) Methylation of binding sites on the 50S ribosomal subunit (b) Formation of ... ) Formation of drug-inactivating acetyltranferases (e) Decreased drug permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane

Last Answer : Ans: A

Spectinomycin is an aminoglycoside-like antibiotic indicated for the treatment of (a) Gram-negative bacillary septicemia (b) Tuberculosis (c) Penicillin-resistant gonococcal infections (d) Syphilis (e) Gram-negative meningitis due to susceptible organisms

Description : Spectinomycin is an aminoglycoside-like antibiotic indicated for the treatment of (a) Gram-negative bacillary septicemia (b) Tuberculosis (c) Penicillin-resistant gonococcal infections (d) Syphilis (e) Gram-negative meningitis due to susceptible organisms

Last Answer : Ans: C

Gram negative organisms are largely insensitive to benzyl penicillin because (a) They produce large quantities of penicillinase (b) They do not utilize D-alanine whose incorporation in the cell wall is inhibited by benzyl penicillin (c) Benzyl penicillin is not able to penetrate deeper into the lipoprotein-peptidoglycan multiplayer cell wall of gram-negative bacteria (d) Both (a) and (b)

Description : Gram negative organisms are largely insensitive to benzyl penicillin because (a) They produce large quantities of penicillinase (b) They do not utilize D-alanine whose incorporation in the cell wall is ... lipoprotein-peptidoglycan multiplayer cell wall of gram-negative bacteria (d) Both (a) and (b)

Last Answer : Ans: C

Aminoglycoside antibiotics have the following common property (a) They are primarily active against gramnegative bacilli (b) They are more active in acidic medium (c) They readily enter cells and are distributed in total body water (d) They are nearly completely metabolized in liver

Description : Aminoglycoside antibiotics have the following common property (a) They are primarily active against gramnegative bacilli (b) They are more active in acidic medium (c) They readily enter cells and are distributed in total body water (d) They are nearly completely metabolized in liver

Last Answer : Ans: A

Cefotaxime has the following properties except (a) It is highly active against aerobic gram negative bacteria (b) It is the most active cephalosporin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (c) It produces an active metabolite (d) It has achieved high cure rates in serious hospital acquired infections

Description : Cefotaxime has the following properties except (a) It is highly active against aerobic gram negative bacteria (b) It is the most active cephalosporin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (c) It produces an active metabolite (d) It has achieved high cure rates in serious hospital acquired infections

Last Answer : Ans: B

Which fluoroquinolone has markedly enhanced activity against gram positive bacteria and anaerobes ? (a) Pefloxacin (b) Ciprofloxacin (c) Sparfloxacin (d) Norfloxacin

Description : Which fluoroquinolone has markedly enhanced activity against gram positive bacteria and anaerobes ? (a) Pefloxacin (b) Ciprofloxacin (c) Sparfloxacin (d) Norfloxacin

Last Answer : Ans: C

A diabetic develops a severe perineal infection with skin necrosis, subcutaneous crepitance, and drainage of a thin, watery, grayish and foul-smelling fluid. Management should consist of: a. Gram stain of the fluid, which will likely demonstrate multiple bacteria including predominantly gram-positive rods b. A CT scan is indicated in a stable patient to define the extent of the disease c. Broad spectrum antibiotics followed with prompt extensive debridement is indicated d. A safe guideline is to resect infected necrotic tissue so that a several centimeter margin of grossly normal, healthy tissue can be achieved e. A colostomy is of little benefit in this situation

Description : A diabetic develops a severe perineal infection with skin necrosis, subcutaneous crepitance, and drainage of a thin, watery, grayish and foul-smelling fluid. Management should consist of: a. Gram stain ... normal, healthy tissue can be achieved e. A colostomy is of little benefit in this situation

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d The presence of severe perineal infection (referred to as Fournier gangrene when this process involves the perineum and scrotum in males) is associated with a ... often provides improved wound care and patient management, although it is not invariably a positive outcome

The most important mechanism by which tetracycline antibiotics exert antiimicrobial action is (a) They chelate Ca2+ ions and alter permeability of bacterial cell membrane (b) They bind to 30S ribosomes and inhibit bacterial protein synthesis (c) They bind to 50S ribosomes and interfere with translocation of the growing peptide chain in the bacteria (d) They interfere with DNA mediated RNA synthesis in bacteria

Description : The most important mechanism by which tetracycline antibiotics exert antiimicrobial action is (a) They chelate Ca2+ ions and alter permeability of bacterial cell membrane (b) They bind to 30S ribosomes ... peptide chain in the bacteria (d) They interfere with DNA mediated RNA synthesis in bacteria

Last Answer : Ans: B

What is break point concentration of an antibiotic ? (a) Concentration at which the antibiotic lyses the bacteria (b) Concentration of the antibiotic which demarks between sensitive and resistant bacteria (c) Concentration of the antibiotic which overcomes bacterial resistance (d) Concentration at which a bacteriostatic antibiotic becomes bactericidal

Description : What is break point concentration of an antibiotic ? (a) Concentration at which the antibiotic lyses the bacteria (b) Concentration of the antibiotic which demarks between sensitive ... which overcomes bacterial resistance (d) Concentration at which a bacteriostatic antibiotic becomes bactericidal

Last Answer : Ans: B

A patient needs antibiotic treatment for native valve, culture-positive infective enterococcal endocarditis. His medical history includes a severe anaphylactic reaction to penicillin G during the past year. The best approach would be treatment with (a) Amoxicillin/clavulanate (b) Aztreonam (c) Cefazolin plus genatamicin (d) Meropenem (e) Vancomycin

Description : A patient needs antibiotic treatment for native valve, culture-positive infective enterococcal endocarditis. His medical history includes a severe anaphylactic reaction to penicillin G during the past year. ... /clavulanate (b) Aztreonam (c) Cefazolin plus genatamicin (d) Meropenem (e) Vancomycin

Last Answer : Ans: E

The most important mechanism by which gram negative bacilli acquire chloramphenicol resistance is (a) Decreased permeability into the bacterial cell (b) Acquisition of a plasmid encoded for chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (c) Lowered affinity of the bacterial ribosome for chloramphenicol (d) Switching over from ribosomal to mitochondrial protein synthesis

Description : The most important mechanism by which gram negative bacilli acquire chloramphenicol resistance is (a) Decreased permeability into the bacterial cell (b) Acquisition of a plasmid encoded ... bacterial ribosome for chloramphenicol (d) Switching over from ribosomal to mitochondrial protein synthesis

Last Answer : Ans: B

If a necrotizing soft tissue infection is considered, therapy mandates: a. Empiric administration of antibiotics active against gram-positive, gram-negative, and anaerobic bacteria b. Due to usually resistant species, penicillin is not indicated c. Immediate operative intervention and aggressive resection of all involved tissues is mandatory d. The use of hyperbaric oxygen has been demonstrated to be clearly advantageous

Description : If a necrotizing soft tissue infection is considered, therapy mandates: a. Empiric administration of antibiotics active against gram-positive, gram-negative, and anaerobic bacteria b. Due to usually ... is mandatory d. The use of hyperbaric oxygen has been demonstrated to be clearly advantageous

Last Answer : Answer: a, c Identification of a necrotizing, soft tissue infection mandates immediate operative intervention with aggressive resection of all involved tissues and empiric ... remains without controlled trials demonstrating any additional benefits derived from hyperbaric oxygen therapy

Aminoglycoside antibiotics have the following property common to all members: A. They are primarily active against aerobic gram negative bacilli B. They are more active in acidic medium C. They readily enter cells and are distributed in total body water D. They are nearly completely metabolized in liver

Description : Aminoglycoside antibiotics have the following property common to all members: A. They are primarily active against aerobic gram negative bacilli B. They are more active in acidic medium C. They ... cells and are distributed in total body water D. They are nearly completely metabolized in liver

Last Answer : A. They are primarily active against aerobic gram negative bacilli

An advantage of bleomycin over most antineoplastic drugs is its (a) Rapid onset of action (b) Lack of toxicity to all normal cells (c) Relative lack of bone marrow toxicity (d) Very broad spectrum of activity (e) Both (a) and (b)

Description : An advantage of bleomycin over most antineoplastic drugs is its (a) Rapid onset of action (b) Lack of toxicity to all normal cells (c) Relative lack of bone marrow toxicity (d) Very broad spectrum of activity (e) Both (a) and (b)

Last Answer : Ans: C

Which aminoglycoside antibiotic causes more hearing loss than vestibular disturabance as toxic effect ? (a) Streptomycin (b) Gentamicin (c) Kanamycin (d) Sisomicin

Description : Which aminoglycoside antibiotic causes more hearing loss than vestibular disturabance as toxic effect ? (a) Streptomycin (b) Gentamicin (c) Kanamycin (d) Sisomicin

Last Answer : Ans: C

Common cold is not cured by antibiotics because it is (a) caused by a virus (b) caused by a Gram-positive bacterium (c) caused by a Gram-negative bacterium (d) not an infectious disease.

Description : Common cold is not cured by antibiotics because it is (a) caused by a virus (b) caused by a Gram-positive bacterium (c) caused by a Gram-negative bacterium (d) not an infectious disease.

Last Answer : (b) caused by a Gram-positive bacterium

Anyone else terrified of taking antibiotics? How do you cope?

Description : Anyone else terrified of taking antibiotics? How do you cope?

Last Answer : KEEP TAKING IT! If the bad bacteria in your system doesn’t get killed off by the antibiotics you’re taking, they could come back stronger that ever! So strong that no antibiotic will kill them and then they will kill YOU!!! So KEEP TAKING IT like the good doctor said!!!

Anyone else scared of taking antibiotics due to reactions?

Description : Anyone else scared of taking antibiotics due to reactions?

Last Answer : Every single freaking thing you put in your mouth can have side effects. No, I’m not going to beat myself up over something so unlikely to happen.

Had anyone got rid of strep throat without taking antibiotics?

Description : Had anyone got rid of strep throat without taking antibiotics?

Last Answer : I’ve had them on and off since I had mono in junior high. I burn it out with scalding tea, then soothe with gargling salt water. Good luck. Go see a doctor though for real please.

Do anti-vaxxers also eschew things like tetanus shots and antibiotics?

Description : Do anti-vaxxers also eschew things like tetanus shots and antibiotics?

Last Answer : Some do I am sure. I am anti- OVER vaccinating, and this is why I won't be re-vaccinating my 7 and 10 yr. old cats that are indoors only at this time. They have enough immunity ... horses. Horses are highly susceptible to Tetanus, more so than other farm animals, though they are vaccinated as well.

Antibiotics causing swollen lymph nodes under jawline?

Description : Antibiotics causing swollen lymph nodes under jawline?

Last Answer :

Can a course of antibiotics leave you feeling very run down?

Description : Can a course of antibiotics leave you feeling very run down?

Last Answer : Absolutely.

Ear Infection - to take or not to take antibiotics?

Description : Ear Infection - to take or not to take antibiotics?

Last Answer : Any delay in treating an ear infection increases the odds of permanent damage. If I were you, I’d start the azithromycin immediately. Take the front load with food. It will be easier on your stomach.

Are there any kinds of drinks that can counteract the effect of antibiotics?

Description : Are there any kinds of drinks that can counteract the effect of antibiotics?

Last Answer : Anything with alcohol in it. Depending on the tablet milk can slow the rate of absorption

Can you smoke marijuana while on antibiotics?

Description : Can you smoke marijuana while on antibiotics?

Last Answer : Not legally.

Which toxic effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics is most irreversible in nature ? (a) Vestibular damage (b) Hearing loss (c) Neuromuscular blockade (d) Kidney damage

Description : Which toxic effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics is most irreversible in nature ? (a) Vestibular damage (b) Hearing loss (c) Neuromuscular blockade (d) Kidney damage

Last Answer : Ans: B

Which out of the following antibiotics penetrates blood-CSF barrier the best (a) Erythromycin (b) Gentamicin (c) Tetracycline (d) Chloramphenicol

Description : Which out of the following antibiotics penetrates blood-CSF barrier the best (a) Erythromycin (b) Gentamicin (c) Tetracycline (d) Chloramphenicol

Last Answer : Ans: D

Methicillin resistant staphylococci do not respond to ß-lactam antibiotics because (a) They produce a ß-lactamase which destroys methicillin and related drugs (b) They elaborate an amidase which destroys methicillin and related drugs (c) They have acquired a penicillin binding protein which has low affinity for ß-lactam antibiotics (d) They are less permeable to ß-lactam antibiotics

Description : Methicillin resistant staphylococci do not respond to ß-lactam antibiotics because (a) They produce a ß-lactamase which destroys methicillin and related drugs (b) They elaborate an amidase which destroys ... low affinity for ß-lactam antibiotics (d) They are less permeable to ß-lactam antibiotics

Last Answer : Ans: C

Beta – lactamase production by strains of Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Neissera gonorrhoeae confers resistance against penicillin G.which one of the following antibiotics is most likely to be effective against all strains of each of the above organisms? (a) Ampicillin (b) Ceftriaxone (c) Clindamycin (d) Gentamicin (e) Piperacillin

Description : Beta - lactamase production by strains of Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Neissera gonorrhoeae confers resistance against penicillin G.which one of the following antibiotics is most likely to be ... ? (a) Ampicillin (b) Ceftriaxone (c) Clindamycin (d) Gentamicin (e) Piperacillin

Last Answer : Ans: B

Which one of the following antibiotics is a potent inducer of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes? (a) Ciprofloxacin (b) Cyclosporine (c) Erythromycin (d) Rifampin (e) Tetracycline

Description : Which one of the following antibiotics is a potent inducer of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes? (a) Ciprofloxacin (b) Cyclosporine (c) Erythromycin (d) Rifampin (e) Tetracycline

Last Answer : Ans: D

Which one of the following antibiotics is likely to be most effective agent in the treatment of an infection due to enterococci if used in conjuction with penicillin G? (a) Amikacin (b) Gentamicin (c) Netilmicin (d) Streptomycin (e) Tobramycin

Description : Which one of the following antibiotics is likely to be most effective agent in the treatment of an infection due to enterococci if used in conjuction with penicillin G? (a) Amikacin (b) Gentamicin (c) Netilmicin (d) Streptomycin (e) Tobramycin

Last Answer : Ans: D

Highest incidence of antibiotic associated pseudo membranous enterocolitis has been noted with the use of (a) Ampicillin (b) Chloramphenicol (c) Vancomycin (d) Clindamycin

Description : Highest incidence of antibiotic associated pseudo membranous enterocolitis has been noted with the use of (a) Ampicillin (b) Chloramphenicol (c) Vancomycin (d) Clindamycin

Last Answer : Ans: D

A man has an Escherichia coli bacteremia with a low-grade fever (101.6°F). Appropriate management of his fever would be (a) Give acetaminophen 650 mg orally every 4 hours (b) Give aspirin 650 mg orally every 4 hours (c) Give alternating doses of aspirin and acetaminophen every 4 hours (d) Withhold antipyretics, and use the fever curve to monitor his response to antibiotic therapy (e) Use tepid water baths to reduce the fever

Description : A man has an Escherichia coli bacteremia with a low-grade fever (101.6°F). Appropriate management of his fever would be (a) Give acetaminophen 650 mg orally every 4 hours (b) Give aspirin 650 ... fever curve to monitor his response to antibiotic therapy (e) Use tepid water baths to reduce the fever

Last Answer : Ans: D

Can anyone help me understand antibiotic resistance?

Description : Can anyone help me understand antibiotic resistance?

Last Answer : Sorry there are a few grammar issues in the above but I can’t edit it anymore.

Does misusing Polysporin create antibiotic resistance?

Description : Does misusing Polysporin create antibiotic resistance?

Last Answer : Define “misusing”.

How can I get an antibiotic without seeing a doctor?

Description : How can I get an antibiotic without seeing a doctor?

Last Answer : Mexico. The chances of you having an infection requiring antibiotics in both you colon and sinuses simultaneously is low. If you have a condition where you have a supressed immune system and you get these ... your issues are viral, and do not need antibiotics. Can you tell me more of your symptoms?

Antibiotic query ... about reactions?

Description : Antibiotic query ... about reactions?

Last Answer : i dont blame you…penicillin almost killed me once. anaphalaxis. I rarely take antibiotics now. Just be aware.

Should I take an antibiotic as a prophylactic after deer tick bite?

Description : Should I take an antibiotic as a prophylactic after deer tick bite?

Last Answer : I would say no. The tick bite antibiotics are strong and will make you ill. I would only take it once symptoms appear. Plus, if you take it preventatively, you will never know if you ever contracted lyme disease.

The following antibiotic is a first line drug for treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex infection in AIDS patients (a) Clindamycin (b) Clarithromycin (c) Roxithromycin (d) Erythromycin

Description : The following antibiotic is a first line drug for treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex infection in AIDS patients (a) Clindamycin (b) Clarithromycin (c) Roxithromycin (d) Erythromycin

Last Answer : Ans: B

Prolonged oral therapy with the following antibiotic can damage intestinal villi resulting in statorrhoea and loose motions (a) Ampicillin (b) Tetracycline (c) Neomycin (d) Nystatin

Description : Prolonged oral therapy with the following antibiotic can damage intestinal villi resulting in statorrhoea and loose motions (a) Ampicillin (b) Tetracycline (c) Neomycin (d) Nystatin

Last Answer : Ans: C

An aminoglycoside antibiotic should not be used concurrently with the following drug (a) Ampicillin (b) Vancomycin (c) Ciprofloxacin (d) Rifampin

Description : An aminoglycoside antibiotic should not be used concurrently with the following drug (a) Ampicillin (b) Vancomycin (c) Ciprofloxacin (d) Rifampin

Last Answer : Ans: B

The aminoglycoside antibiotic which is distinguished by its resistance to bacterial aminoglycoside inactivating enzymes is (a) Kanamycin (b) Sisomicin (c) Amikacin (d) Tobramycin

Description : The aminoglycoside antibiotic which is distinguished by its resistance to bacterial aminoglycoside inactivating enzymes is (a) Kanamycin (b) Sisomicin (c) Amikacin (d) Tobramycin

Last Answer : Ans: C