Description : Which of the following organs is innervated only by parasympathetic nerves: A. Iris muscles B. Ciliary musclele C. Sweat glands D. Splenic capsu
Last Answer : B. Ciliary musclele
Description : Which of the following organs is innervated only by parasympathetic nerves: A. Iris muscles B. Ciliary muscle C. Sweat glands D. Splenic capsule
Last Answer : B. Ciliary muscle
Description : In male sex organs _______ system is responsible for erection. (a) Sympathetic (b) Parasympathetic (c) Norepinephrine (d) None of the above
Last Answer : Ans: B
Description : One function of parasympathetic nervous system is (a) contraction of hair muscles (b) stimulation of sweat glands (c) acceleration of heart beat (d) constriction of pupil.
Last Answer : (d) constriction of pupil.
Description : Muscarinic cholinergic receptors (a) Are located only on parasympathetically innervated effector cells (b) Mediate responses by opening an instrinsic Na+ ion channel (c) Are present on vascular endothelium which has no cholinergic nerve supply (d) Predominate in the autonomic ganglia
Last Answer : Ans: C
Description : Which of the following effects of epinephrine would be blocked by phentolamine but not by metoprolol ? (a) Cardiac stimulation (b) Contractionof radial smooth muscle in the iris (c) Increase of camp in fat (d) Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle (e) Relaxation of the uterus
Description : Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter at: a. sweat glands b. the adrenal medulla c. parasympathetic ganglia d. all above
Last Answer : all above
Description : The transparent lens in the human eye is held in its place by (a) ligaments attached to the ciliary body (b) ligaments attached to the iris (c) smooth muscles attached to the iris (d) smooth muscles attached to the ciliary body
Last Answer : (a) ligaments attached to the ciliary body
Description : The transparent lens in the human eye is held in its place by (1) ligaments attached to the ciliary body (2) ligaments attached to the iris (3) smooth muscles attached to the iris (4) smooth muscles attached to the ciliary body
Last Answer : (1) ligaments attached to the ciliary body
Description : Choose the incorrect statement from the following (a) Sympathetic system increases rate of SA node (b) Sympathetic system causes constriction of coronary arteries (c) Sympathetic system causes increased motility of GIT smooth muscles (d) Sympathetic system causes constriction of sphincter in GIT
Description : The following structures are of ectodermal origin: a. the retina and its retinal pigment epithelium b. iris stroma c. the sclera d. the ciliary muscle e. the corneal stroma
Last Answer : the retina and its retinal pigment epithelium
Description : The parotid gland: a. contains a fascial sheath which is innervated by second cervical nerve b. receives post-ganglionic parasympathetic nerve from the otic ganglion c. contains a duct which opens ... . is composed of serous acini which contribute to the saliva e. is covered by the massenter
Last Answer : contains a fascial sheath which is innervated by second cervical nerve
Description : Propranolol does not block the following action of adrenaline (a) Bronchodilation (b) Lipolysis (c) Muscle tremor (d) Mydriasis
Last Answer : Ans: D
Description : Low doses of adrenaline dilate the following vascular bed (a) Cutaneous (b) Mucosal (c) Renal (d) Skeletal muscle
Description : Atropine does not exert relaxant/ antispasmodic effect on the following muscle (a) Intestinal (b) Ureteric (c) Bronchial (d) Layngeal
Description : Typical results of beta-receptor activation include which one of the following? (a) Hypoglycemia (b) Lipolysis (c) Glycogen synthesis (d) Decreased skeletal muscle tremor (e) Decreased rennin secretion
Description : Cromolyn has as its major action (a) Block of calcium channels in lymphocytes (b) Block of mediator release from mast cells (c) Block of phosphodiesterase in mast cells and basophils (d) Smooth muscle relaxation in the bronchi (e) Stimulation of cortisol release by the adrenals
Description : Which one of the following can be blocked by atropine? (a) Decreased blood pressure caused by hexamethonium (b) Increased blood pressure caused by nicotine (c) Increased skeleton muscle ... by neostigmine (d) Tachycardia caused by exercise (e) Tachycardia caused by infusion of acetylcholine
Last Answer : Ans: E
Description : Atropine overdose may cause which one of the following (a) Gastrointestinal smooth muscle crampine (b) Increased cardiac rate (c) Increased gastric secretion (d) Pupillary constriction (e) Urinary frequency
Description : Several children at a summer camp were hospitalized with symptoms thought to be due to ingestion of food containing botulinum toxins. The effects of botulinum toxin are likely to include (a) Bronchospasm (b) Cycloplegia (c) Diarrhea (d) Skeletal muscle spasms (e) Hyperventilation
Description : Match the following structures with their respective location in organs. (A) Crypts of Lieberkuhn (i) Pancreas (B) Glisson's Capsule (ii) Duodenum (C) Islets of Langerhans (iii) Small intestine (D) Brunner's Glands (iv) Liver Select the ... ii) (iv) (c) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii) (d) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
Last Answer : (d) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
Description : The ciliary ganglion: a. is found between the optic nerve and the medial rectus b. contains sympathetic nerve that supplies the sphincter pupillae c. is a parasympathetic relay ganglion for fibers from ... nucleus d. contains sensory nerve e. has a motor nerve that goes to the inferior oblique
Last Answer : is a parasympathetic relay ganglion for fibers from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus
Description : The following are true about the autonomic nervous system: a. the postganglionic neurones are largely unmyelinated b. all preganglionic neurones are cholinergic c. the preganglionic neurones of ... parasympathetic nervous system d. the parasympathetic outflow is only found in the cranial nerves
Last Answer : the postganglionic neurones are largely unmyelinated
Description : Which of the following increases the rate of heart beat? (1) Peripheral nerves (2) Sympathetic nerves (3) Parasympathetic nerves (4) Cranial nerves
Last Answer : (2) Sympathetic nerves Explanation: Heart rate is controlled by the two branches of the autonomic (involuntary) nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous ... parasympathetic nervous sys-tem (PNS) releases the hormone acetylcholine to slow the heart rate.
Description : The following cranial nerves contain parasympathetic outflow arising at the brain stem: a. optic nerve b. oculomotor nerve c. trigeminal nerve d. facial nerve
Last Answer : facial nerve
Description : With regard to the autonomic nervous system: a. the dorsal root ganglia is made up mainly of the cell bodies of the sympathetic nerves b. the preganglionic sympathetic fibres ... the ganglia of both sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system d. botulin toxin blocks acetylcholine receptors
Last Answer : the dorsal root ganglia is made up mainly of the cell bodies of the sympathetic nerves
Description : Which controls reflex action? Options: A) Sympathetic nervous system B) Central nervous system C) Parasympathetic nervous system D) Sensory nerves
Last Answer : C) Parasympathetic nervous system
Last Answer : Sympathetic nerves
Description : During accommodation: a. the distance between the lens and the ciliary body is decreased b. the tension in the suspensory ligament is increased c. the tension of the lens capsule is increased d. the refractive power of the lens is increased
Last Answer : the refractive power of the lens is increased
Description : Aqueous humour is formed by: a. Epithelium of ciliary body b. Posterior surface of iris c. Lens d. Pars plana
Last Answer : ANSWER: A
Description : Dense scar of cornea with incarceration of iris is known as: a. Adherent Leucoma b. Dense leucoma c. Ciliary staphyloma d. Iris bombe
Description : Which of the following is true of sildenafil (a) It enhances sexul enjoyment in normal men (b) It delays ejaculation (c) It is indicated only for treatment of erectile dysfunction in men (d) It blocks cavernosal a2 adrenoceptors
Description : Prazosin is an effective antihypertensive while nonselective a adrenergic blockers are not because (a) It is the only orally active a blocker (b) It improves plasma lipid profile (c) It does not concurrently enhance noradrenaline release (d) It improves urine flow in males with prostatic hypertrophy
Description : Tyramine induces release of noradrenaline from adrenergic nerve endings (a) By depolarizing the axonal membrane (b) By mobilizing Ca2+ (c) By a nonexocytotic process (d) Only in the presence of MAO inhibitors
Description : The synaptic pre-ganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the lateral horn of the grey matter of the (a) Thoracic segment only (b) Lumbar segment only (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of the above
Description : The felderstrukter fibres of the extraocular musclea. form the bulk of the orbital part of the muscle b. have poorly developed sarcoplasmic reticulum c. are singly innervated d. are more richly supplied by blood than the fibrillenstrukter fibres
Last Answer : have poorly developed sarcoplasmic reticulum
Description : The muscle spindles: a. are extrafusal fibres b. are innervated by type Ia and II fibres c. received motor innervation from the gamma fibres. d. respond to tension in the muscle
Last Answer : are innervated by type Ia and II fibres
Description : Phenylephrine (a) Mimics the transmitter at post-synaptic receptors (b) Displaces transmitter from axonal terminal (c) Inhibits synthesis of transmitter (d) None of the above
Last Answer : Ans: A
Description : Propanolol can be used to allay anxiety associated with (a) Chronic neurotic disorer (b) Schizopherenia (c) Short-term stressful situation (d) Endogenous depression
Description : The ß-adrenergic blocker which possesses both ß1 selectivity as well as intrinsic sympathomimetic activity is (a) Alprenolol (b) Atenolol (c) Acebutolol (d) Metoprolol
Description : The drug which produces vasoconstriction despite being an a adrenergic blocker is (a) Phenoxybenzamine (b) Ergotamine (c) Dihydroergotoxine (d) Tolazoline
Description : Guanethidine inhibits (a) Synthesis of transmitter (b) Metabolism of transmitter (c) Release of transmitter (d) Displacement of transmitter from axonal terminal
Description : Vasoconstrictors should not be used in (a) Neurogenic shock (b) Haemorrhagic shock (c) Secondary shock (d) Hypotension due to spinal anaesthesia
Description : While undergoing a surgical procedure a patient develops hypotension. Which of the following drugs can be injected intramuscularly to raise his BP (a) Noradrenaline (b) Isoprenaline (c) Mephentermine (d) Isoxsuprine
Description : Continuous exposure of ctecholaminesensitive cells and tissues to adrenergic agonists causes a progressive diminition in their capacity to respond, this phenomenon is called as (a) Refractoriness (b) Desensitization (c) Tachyphylaxis (d) All of the above
Description : Ephedrine is similar to adrenaline in the following feature (a) Potency (b) Inability to penetrate blood-brain barrier (c) Duration of action (d) Producing both a and ß adrenergic effects
Description : Dobutamine differs from dopamine in that (a) It does not activate peripheral dopaminergic receptors (b) It does not activate adrenergic ß receptors (c) It causes pronounced tachycardia (d) It has good blood-brain barrier penetrability
Description : Noradrenaline is administered by (a) Subcutaneous injection (b) Intramuscular injection (c) Slow intravenous infusion (d) All of the above routes
Description : Adrenaline raises blood glucose level by the following actions except (a) Inducing hepatic glycogenolysis (b) Inhibiting insulin secretion from pancreatic ß cells (c) Augmenting glucagons secretion from pancreatic a cells (d) Inhibiting peripheral glucose utilization
Description : a2–adrenergic receptors are associated with following except (a) Increase in phospholipase C activity (b) Increase in potassium channel conductance (c) Decrease in calcium channel conductance (d) Increase in adenylyl cyclase activity