Choose the correct statement from the following about a1 – adrenergic receptor agonists (a) Norepinephrine > isoproterenol > epinephrine (b) Norepinephrine < epinephrine > isoproterenol (c) Epinephrine = norepinephrine >> isoproterenol (d) Epinephrine > isoproterenol > norepinephrine

Choose the correct statement from the following about a1 – adrenergic receptor agonists (a) Norepinephrine > isoproterenol > epinephrine (b) Norepinephrine < epinephrine > isoproterenol (c) Epinephrine = norepinephrine >> isoproterenol (d) Epinephrine > isoproterenol > norepinephrine
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Select the correct statement from the following about a1 – adrenergic receptor agonists (a) Isoproterenol > epinephrine = norepinephrine (b) Epinephrine > isoproterenol > norepinephrine (c) Isoproterenol = epinephrine = norepinephrine (d) Epinephrine = norepinephrine > isoproterenol

Description : Select the correct statement from the following about a1 – adrenergic receptor agonists (a) Isoproterenol > epinephrine = norepinephrine (b) Epinephrine > isoproterenol > norepinephrine (c) Isoproterenol = epinephrine = norepinephrine (d) Epinephrine = norepinephrine > isoproterenol

Last Answer : Ans: A

Drugs that block the a receptor on effector cells at adrenergic nerve endings (a) Antagonize the effects of isoproterenol on the heart rate (b) Antagonize some of the effects of epinephrine on the blood pressure (c) Antagonize the effects of epinephrine on adenylyl cyclase (d) Cause mydriasis (e) Decreases blood glucose levels

Description : Drugs that block the a receptor on effector cells at adrenergic nerve endings (a) Antagonize the effects of isoproterenol on the heart rate (b) Antagonize some of the effects of epinephrine on ... the effects of epinephrine on adenylyl cyclase (d) Cause mydriasis (e) Decreases blood glucose levels

Last Answer : Ans: B

Which of the following drugs is the drug of choice in anaphylaxis associated with bronchospasm and hypotension ? (a) Cortisone (b) Epinephrine (c) Isoproterenol (d) Norepinephrine (e) Phenylephrine

Description : Which of the following drugs is the drug of choice in anaphylaxis associated with bronchospasm and hypotension ? (a) Cortisone (b) Epinephrine (c) Isoproterenol (d) Norepinephrine (e) Phenylephrine

Last Answer : Ans: B

A 7-years-old boy has a significant bedwetting problem. A long-acting indirect sympathomimetic agent sometimes used by the oral route for this and other indications is (a) Dobutamine (b) Ephedrine (c) Epinephrine (d) Isoproterenol (e) Phenylephrine

Description : A 7-years-old boy has a significant bedwetting problem. A long-acting indirect sympathomimetic agent sometimes used by the oral route for this and other indications is (a) Dobutamine (b) Ephedrine (c) Epinephrine (d) Isoproterenol (e) Phenylephrine

Last Answer : Ans: B

Action of norepinephrine and epinephrine are terminated by (a) Reuptake into nerve terminal (b) Dilution by diffusion and uptake at extraneuronal site (c) Metabolic transformation (d) All of the above

Description : Action of norepinephrine and epinephrine are terminated by (a) Reuptake into nerve terminal (b) Dilution by diffusion and uptake at extraneuronal site (c) Metabolic transformation (d) All of the above

Last Answer : Ans: D

The neurotransmitter agent that is normally released in the sinoatrial node of the heart in response to a blood pressure increase is (a) Acetylcholine (b) Dopamine (c) Epinephrine (d) Glutamate (e) Norepinephrine

Description : The neurotransmitter agent that is normally released in the sinoatrial node of the heart in response to a blood pressure increase is (a) Acetylcholine (b) Dopamine (c) Epinephrine (d) Glutamate (e) Norepinephrine

Last Answer : Ans: A

Continuous exposure of ctecholaminesensitive cells and tissues to adrenergic agonists causes a progressive diminition in their capacity to respond, this phenomenon is called as (a) Refractoriness (b) Desensitization (c) Tachyphylaxis (d) All of the above

Description : Continuous exposure of ctecholaminesensitive cells and tissues to adrenergic agonists causes a progressive diminition in their capacity to respond, this phenomenon is called as (a) Refractoriness (b) Desensitization (c) Tachyphylaxis (d) All of the above

Last Answer : Ans: D

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning pharmacologic agents used in the treatment of shock? a. The primary difference between dopamine and dobutamine is the absence of significant a adrenergic activity b. The renal and mesenteric vasoconstrictive effects of norepinephrine complicate and sometimes restrict its use c. The apparent paradoxical use of vasodilators, such as nitroprusside, in shock is indicated as a means to augment cardiac function d. Isoproterenol with its potent b-adrenergic effect, is a particularly useful agent in the treatment of all forms of shock

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning pharmacologic agents used in the treatment of shock? a. The primary difference between dopamine and dobutamine is the absence of significant a ... b-adrenergic effect, is a particularly useful agent in the treatment of all forms of shock

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c Therapeutic adjustments of intravascular volume (preload) and systemic vascular resistance (afterload) form the basis of the treatment strategies for all ... careful constant monitoring of arterial pressure and repeated hemodynamic measurements with a pulmonary artery catheter

When pupillary dilation-but not cycloplegia-is desired, a good choice is (a) Homatropine (b) Isoproterenol (c) Phenylephrine (d) Pilocarpine (e) Tropicamide

Description : When pupillary dilation-but not cycloplegia-is desired, a good choice is (a) Homatropine (b) Isoproterenol (c) Phenylephrine (d) Pilocarpine (e) Tropicamide

Last Answer : Ans: C

The most efficacious inhibitor of catecholamine synthesis in the body is (a) a - methyl – p - tyrosine (b) a - methyldopa (c) a - methyl - norepinephrine (d) Pyrogallol

Description : The most efficacious inhibitor of catecholamine synthesis in the body is (a) a - methyl – p - tyrosine (b) a - methyldopa (c) a - methyl - norepinephrine (d) Pyrogallol

Last Answer : Ans: A

Following events occur in the cytoplasm and not inside storage vesicles, except (a) Conversion of tyrosine to dopa (b) Conversion of dopa to dopamine (c) Conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine (d) Conversion of dopamine to 3,4 dihydroxy phenyl acetic acid

Description : Following events occur in the cytoplasm and not inside storage vesicles, except (a) Conversion of tyrosine to dopa (b) Conversion of dopa to dopamine (c) Conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine (d) Conversion of dopamine to 3,4 dihydroxy phenyl acetic acid

Last Answer : Ans: C

In male sex organs _______ system is responsible for erection. (a) Sympathetic (b) Parasympathetic (c) Norepinephrine (d) None of the above

Description : In male sex organs _______ system is responsible for erection. (a) Sympathetic (b) Parasympathetic (c) Norepinephrine (d) None of the above

Last Answer : Ans: B

a1 – receptors are coupled with _______ G protein. (a) Gs (b) Gi (c) Gq (d) Go

Description : a1 – receptors are coupled with _______ G protein. (a) Gs (b) Gi (c) Gq (d) Go

Last Answer : Ans: C

Yohimbine is an antagonist of ______ receptors. (a) a1 (b) a2 (c) both (a) and (b) (d) None of the above

Description : Yohimbine is an antagonist of ______ receptors. (a) a1 (b) a2 (c) both (a) and (b) (d) None of the above

Last Answer : Ans: B

Which of the following effects of epinephrine would be blocked by phentolamine but not by metoprolol ? (a) Cardiac stimulation (b) Contractionof radial smooth muscle in the iris (c) Increase of camp in fat (d) Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle (e) Relaxation of the uterus

Description : Which of the following effects of epinephrine would be blocked by phentolamine but not by metoprolol ? (a) Cardiac stimulation (b) Contractionof radial smooth muscle in the iris (c) Increase of camp in fat (d) Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle (e) Relaxation of the uterus

Last Answer : Ans: B

The ß-adrenergic blocker which possesses both ß1 selectivity as well as intrinsic sympathomimetic activity is (a) Alprenolol (b) Atenolol (c) Acebutolol (d) Metoprolol

Description : The ß-adrenergic blocker which possesses both ß1 selectivity as well as intrinsic sympathomimetic activity is (a) Alprenolol (b) Atenolol (c) Acebutolol (d) Metoprolol

Last Answer : Ans: C

Prazosin is an effective antihypertensive while nonselective a adrenergic blockers are not because (a) It is the only orally active a blocker (b) It improves plasma lipid profile (c) It does not concurrently enhance noradrenaline release (d) It improves urine flow in males with prostatic hypertrophy

Description : Prazosin is an effective antihypertensive while nonselective a adrenergic blockers are not because (a) It is the only orally active a blocker (b) It improves plasma lipid profile (c) It does not concurrently enhance noradrenaline release (d) It improves urine flow in males with prostatic hypertrophy

Last Answer : Ans: C

The drug which produces vasoconstriction despite being an a adrenergic blocker is (a) Phenoxybenzamine (b) Ergotamine (c) Dihydroergotoxine (d) Tolazoline

Description : The drug which produces vasoconstriction despite being an a adrenergic blocker is (a) Phenoxybenzamine (b) Ergotamine (c) Dihydroergotoxine (d) Tolazoline

Last Answer : Ans: B

Ephedrine is similar to adrenaline in the following feature (a) Potency (b) Inability to penetrate blood-brain barrier (c) Duration of action (d) Producing both a and ß adrenergic effects

Description : Ephedrine is similar to adrenaline in the following feature (a) Potency (b) Inability to penetrate blood-brain barrier (c) Duration of action (d) Producing both a and ß adrenergic effects

Last Answer : Ans: D

Dobutamine differs from dopamine in that (a) It does not activate peripheral dopaminergic receptors (b) It does not activate adrenergic ß receptors (c) It causes pronounced tachycardia (d) It has good blood-brain barrier penetrability

Description : Dobutamine differs from dopamine in that (a) It does not activate peripheral dopaminergic receptors (b) It does not activate adrenergic ß receptors (c) It causes pronounced tachycardia (d) It has good blood-brain barrier penetrability

Last Answer : Ans: A

a2–adrenergic receptors are associated with following except (a) Increase in phospholipase C activity (b) Increase in potassium channel conductance (c) Decrease in calcium channel conductance (d) Increase in adenylyl cyclase activity

Description : a2–adrenergic receptors are associated with following except (a) Increase in phospholipase C activity (b) Increase in potassium channel conductance (c) Decrease in calcium channel conductance (d) Increase in adenylyl cyclase activity

Last Answer : Ans: D

Tyramine induces release of noradrenaline from adrenergic nerve endings (a) By depolarizing the axonal membrane (b) By mobilizing Ca2+ (c) By a nonexocytotic process (d) Only in the presence of MAO inhibitors

Description : Tyramine induces release of noradrenaline from adrenergic nerve endings (a) By depolarizing the axonal membrane (b) By mobilizing Ca2+ (c) By a nonexocytotic process (d) Only in the presence of MAO inhibitors

Last Answer : Ans: C

Typical results of beta-receptor activation include which one of the following? (a) Hypoglycemia (b) Lipolysis (c) Glycogen synthesis (d) Decreased skeletal muscle tremor (e) Decreased rennin secretion

Description : Typical results of beta-receptor activation include which one of the following? (a) Hypoglycemia (b) Lipolysis (c) Glycogen synthesis (d) Decreased skeletal muscle tremor (e) Decreased rennin secretion

Last Answer : Ans: B

Reserprine, an alkaloid derived from the root of Rauwolfia serpentina (a) Can be used to control hyperglycemia (b) Can cause severe depression of mood (c) Can decrease gastrointestinal secretion and motility (d) Has no cardiac effects (e) A spare receptor agonist

Description : Reserprine, an alkaloid derived from the root of Rauwolfia serpentina (a) Can be used to control hyperglycemia (b) Can cause severe depression of mood (c) Can decrease gastrointestinal secretion and motility (d) Has no cardiac effects (e) A spare receptor agonist

Last Answer : Ans: B

Postural hypotension is a common adverse effect of which one of the following types of drugs ? (a) ACE inhibitors (b) Alpha-receptor blockers (c) Arteriolar dilators (d) ß1 – selective receptor blockers (e) Nonselective ß - blockers

Description : Postural hypotension is a common adverse effect of which one of the following types of drugs ? (a) ACE inhibitors (b) Alpha-receptor blockers (c) Arteriolar dilators (d) ß1 – selective receptor blockers (e) Nonselective ß - blockers

Last Answer : Ans: B

Which one of the following is characteristic of captopril and enalapril ? (a) Competitively blocks angiotensim II at its receptor (b) Decreases angiotensin II concentration in the blood (c) Decreases rennin concentration in the blood (d) Increases sodium and decreases potassium in the blood (e) Decreases sodium and increases potassium in the urine

Description : Which one of the following is characteristic of captopril and enalapril ? (a) Competitively blocks angiotensim II at its receptor (b) Decreases angiotensin II concentration in the blood (c) Decreases ... and decreases potassium in the blood (e) Decreases sodium and increases potassium in the urine

Last Answer : Ans: B

Choose the correct statement(s) about dofetilide: A. It is a pure class III antiarrhythmic B. It has no adrenergic/cholinergic receptor blocking property C. It selectively depresses the rapid component of delayed rectifier K+ current in myocardial fibres D. All of the above

Description : Choose the correct statement(s) about dofetilide: A. It is a pure class III antiarrhythmic B. It has no adrenergic/cholinergic receptor blocking property C. It selectively depresses the rapid component of delayed rectifier K+ current in myocardial fibres D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

Choose the incorrect statement from the following (a) Sympathetic system increases rate of SA node (b) Sympathetic system causes constriction of coronary arteries (c) Sympathetic system causes increased motility of GIT smooth muscles (d) Sympathetic system causes constriction of sphincter in GIT

Description : Choose the incorrect statement from the following (a) Sympathetic system increases rate of SA node (b) Sympathetic system causes constriction of coronary arteries (c) Sympathetic system causes increased motility of GIT smooth muscles (d) Sympathetic system causes constriction of sphincter in GIT

Last Answer : Ans: C

A drug administered by inhalation of powder as a prophylactic for asthma is (a) Ephedrine (b) Disodium cromolyn (c) Isoproterenol (d) Ocytriphylline (e) Epinephrine

Description : A drug administered by inhalation of powder as a prophylactic for asthma is (a) Ephedrine (b) Disodium cromolyn (c) Isoproterenol (d) Ocytriphylline (e) Epinephrine

Last Answer : Ans: B

Adrenergic β2 agonists produce muscle tremor by: A. Facilitating neuromuscular transmission B. Incomplete fusion of contractile response of individual fibres C. Enhanced firing of muscle spindles D. Both (b) and (c) are correct

Description : Adrenergic β2 agonists produce muscle tremor by: A. Facilitating neuromuscular transmission B. Incomplete fusion of contractile response of individual fibres C. Enhanced firing of muscle spindles D. Both (b) and (c) are correct

Last Answer : D. Both (b) and (c) are correct

Adrenergic β2 agonists produce muscle tremor by: A. Facilitating neuromuscular transmission B. Incomplete fusion of contractile response of individual fibres C. Enhanced firing of muscle spindles D. Both (b) and (c) are correct

Description : Adrenergic β2 agonists produce muscle tremor by: A. Facilitating neuromuscular transmission B. Incomplete fusion of contractile response of individual fibres C. Enhanced firing of muscle spindles D. Both (b) and (c) are correct

Last Answer : D. Both (b) and (c) are correct

What is the function of epinephrine and norepinephrine? -Biology

Description : What is the function of epinephrine and norepinephrine? -Biology

Last Answer : answer:

All the following hormones promote hyperglycemia except (A) Epinephrine (B) Norepinephrine (C) Insulin (D) Glucagon

Description : All the following hormones promote hyperglycemia except (A) Epinephrine (B) Norepinephrine (C) Insulin (D) Glucagon

Last Answer : Answer : C

Dopa decarboxylase is inhibited by (A) Epinephrine (B) Norepinephrine (C) α−Methyldopa (D) None of these

Description : Dopa decarboxylase is inhibited by (A) Epinephrine (B) Norepinephrine (C) α−Methyldopa (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : C

Immediate precursor of epinephrine is (A) Metanephrine (B) Norepinephrine (C) Dopa (D) Dopamine

Description : Immediate precursor of epinephrine is (A) Metanephrine (B) Norepinephrine (C) Dopa (D) Dopamine

Last Answer : Answer : B

Dopamine is synthesised from (A) Dihydroxyphenylalanine (B) Epinephrine (C) Norepinephrine (D) Metanephrine

Description : Dopamine is synthesised from (A) Dihydroxyphenylalanine (B) Epinephrine (C) Norepinephrine (D) Metanephrine

Last Answer : Answer : A

Tyrosine is required for the synthesis of all of the following except (A) Melatonin (B) Epinephrine (C) Norepinephrine (D) Thyroxine 222 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

Description : Tyrosine is required for the synthesis of all of the following except (A) Melatonin (B) Epinephrine (C) Norepinephrine (D) Thyroxine 222 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

Last Answer : Answer : A

Cyclic GMP acts as the second messenger for (A) Nerve growth factor (B) Atrial natriuretic factor (C) Epinephrine (D) Norepinephrine

Description : Cyclic GMP acts as the second messenger for (A) Nerve growth factor (B) Atrial natriuretic factor (C) Epinephrine (D) Norepinephrine

Last Answer : Answer : B

Epinephrine is derived from norepinephrine by (A) Decarboxylation (B) Hydroxylation (C) Oxidation (D) N-methylation

Description : Epinephrine is derived from norepinephrine by (A) Decarboxylation (B) Hydroxylation (C) Oxidation (D) N-methylation

Last Answer : Answer : D

A person entering an empty room suddenly finds a snake right in front on opening the door. Which one of the following is likely to happen in his neuro- hormonal control system? (a) Sympathetic nervous system is activated releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine from adrenal medulla. (b) Neurotransmitters diffuse rapidly across the cleft and transmit a nerve impulse. (c) Hypothalamus activates the parasympathetic division of brain. (d) Sympathetic nervous system is activated releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine from adrenal cortex.

Description : A person entering an empty room suddenly finds a snake right in front on opening the door. Which one of the following is likely to happen in his neuro- hormonal control system? ... brain. (d) Sympathetic nervous system is activated releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine from adrenal cortex.

Last Answer : (a) Sympathetic nervous system is activated releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine from adrenal medulla.

Fight-or-flight reactions cause activation of (a) the parathyroid glands, leading to increased metabolic rate (b) the kidney, leading to suppression of renin- angiotensin-aldosterone pathway (c) the adrenal medulla, leading to increased secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine (d) the pancreas leading to a reduction in the blood sugar levels.

Description : Fight-or-flight reactions cause activation of (a) the parathyroid glands, leading to increased metabolic rate (b) the kidney, leading to suppression of renin- angiotensin-aldosterone pathway (c) ... epinephrine and norepinephrine (d) the pancreas leading to a reduction in the blood sugar levels.

Last Answer : (c) the adrenal medulla, leading to increased secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine

Which one of the following does not act as a neurotransmitter? (a) Cortisone (b) Acetylcholine (c) Epinephrine (d) Norepinephrine

Description : Which one of the following does not act as a neurotransmitter? (a) Cortisone (b) Acetylcholine (c) Epinephrine (d) Norepinephrine

Last Answer : (a) Cortisone

Which pair of hormones has opposite, antagonistic effects? A) insulin--glucagon B) insulin--progesterone C) estrogen--thyroxin D) thyroxin--parathyroid hormone E) epinephrine--norepinephrine

Description : Which pair of hormones has opposite, antagonistic effects? A) insulin--glucagon B) insulin--progesterone C) estrogen--thyroxin D) thyroxin--parathyroid hormone E) epinephrine--norepinephrine

Last Answer : A) insulin--glucagon

What is the cascade of events that follows a stress or trauma to produce adrenal reaction? A) hypothalamus (ACTH-releasing hormone)-anterior pituitary (ACTH)-adrenal cortex mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids (regulate metabolism and sugar level) B) hypothalamus (ACTH-releasing hormone)-anterior pituitary (ACTH)-adrenal cortex epinephrine and norepinephrine (regulate metabolism and sugar level) C) anterior pituitary (ACTH)-hypothalamus (ACTH-releasing hormone)-adrenal cortex hormones D) adrenal cortex (hormones)-anterior pituitary (ACTH)-hypothalamus (ACTH-releasing hormone) E) adrenal cortex (hormones)-hypothalamus (ACTH-releasing hormone)-anterior pituitary (ACTH)

Description : What is the cascade of events that follows a stress or trauma to produce adrenal reaction? A) hypothalamus (ACTH-releasing hormone)-anterior pituitary (ACTH)-adrenal cortex mineralocorticoids and ... ) E) adrenal cortex (hormones)-hypothalamus (ACTH-releasing hormone)-anterior pituitary (ACTH)

Last Answer : A) hypothalamus (ACTH-releasing hormone)-anterior pituitary (ACTH)-adrenal cortex mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids (regulate metabolism and sugar level)

Norepinephrine binds mainly to (A) α-Adrenergic receptors (B) β-Adrenergic receptrors (C) Muscarinic receptors (D) Nicotinic receptors

Description : Norepinephrine binds mainly to (A) α-Adrenergic receptors (B) β-Adrenergic receptrors (C) Muscarinic receptors (D) Nicotinic receptors

Last Answer : Answer : A

Insulin release from pancreatic β cells is augmented by the following except: A. Ketone bodies B. Glucagon C. Vagal stimulation D. Alfa adrenergic agonists

Description : Insulin release from pancreatic β cells is augmented by the following except: A. Ketone bodies B. Glucagon C. Vagal stimulation D. Alfa adrenergic agonists

Last Answer : D. Alfa adrenergic agonist

The bladder trigone and prostatic muscles are relaxed by: A. Adrenergic α1 agonists B. Adrenergic α1 antagonists C. Adrenergic α2 agonists D. Adrenergic α2 antagonists

Description : The bladder trigone and prostatic muscles are relaxed by: A. Adrenergic α1 agonists B. Adrenergic α1 antagonists C. Adrenergic α2 agonists D. Adrenergic α2 antagonists

Last Answer : B. Adrenergic α1 antagonists

Which of the following is not the basis for subclassifying β adrenergic receptors into β1 and β2 : A. Selectivity of agonists B. Selectivity of antagonists C. Transducer pathway of response effectuation D. Organ selective location

Description : Which of the following is not the basis for subclassifying β adrenergic receptors into β1 and β2 : A. Selectivity of agonists B. Selectivity of antagonists C. Transducer pathway of response effectuation D. Organ selective location

Last Answer : C. Transducer pathway of response effectuation

Currently, the first choice drug for open angle glaucoma is: A. Miotic eye drops B. Ocular α2 adrenergic agonists C. Ocular prostaglandin analogues D. Ocular β adrenergic blockers

Description : Currently, the first choice drug for open angle glaucoma is: A. Miotic eye drops B. Ocular α2 adrenergic agonists C. Ocular prostaglandin analogues D. Ocular β adrenergic blockers

Last Answer : D. Ocular β adrenergic blockers

In comparison to inhaled β 2 adrenergic agonists, the inhaled anticholinergics: A. Are more effective in bronchial asthma B. Are better suited for control of an acute attack of asthma C. Produce slower response in bronchial asthma D. Produce little benefit in chronic obstructive lung disease

Description : In comparison to inhaled β 2 adrenergic agonists, the inhaled anticholinergics: A. Are more effective in bronchial asthma B. Are better suited for control of an acute attack of asthma C. Produce slower response in bronchial asthma D. Produce little benefit in chronic obstructive lung disease

Last Answer : C. Produce slower response in bronchial asthma