The abnormal constituent of urine is (1) urea (2) creatinine (3) albumin (4) sodium

The abnormal constituent of urine is (1) urea (2) creatinine (3) albumin (4) sodium
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albumin
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The abnormal constituent of urine is – (1) urea (2) creatinine (3) albumin (4) sodium

Description : The abnormal constituent of urine is – (1) urea (2) creatinine (3) albumin (4) sodium

Last Answer : (3) albumin Explanation: The tests employed to detect commonly present abnormal constituents are proteins, glucose, ketone bodies, bile pigments, bile salts and blood. The liver synthesizes a type of ... easily get trapped in the kidney's filter and finally they are reabsorbed in the blood stream.

Which one of the following is an abnormal constituent of urine? (1) Creatinine (2) Urea (3) Uric acid (4) Ketone bodies

Description : Which one of the following is an abnormal constituent of urine? (1) Creatinine (2) Urea (3) Uric acid (4) Ketone bodies

Last Answer : (4) Ketone bodies Explanation: Ketone bodies are three watersoluble compounds that are produced as byproducts when fatty acids are broken down for energy in the liver. Two of the three are ... exceeds the rate of utilization, their concentration in blood increases, this is known as ketonemia.

Which one of the following is an abnormal constituent of urine ? (1) Creatinine (2) Urea (3) Uric acid (4)Ketone bodies

Description : Which one of the following is an abnormal constituent of urine ? (1) Creatinine (2) Urea (3) Uric acid (4)Ketone bodies

Last Answer : Ketone bodies

Which of the following is not a constituent of normal urine? (a) Albumin (b) Urea (c) Sodium chloride (d) Uric acid

Description : Which of the following is not a constituent of normal urine? (a) Albumin (b) Urea (c) Sodium chloride (d) Uric acid

Last Answer : Albumin

A simple way to assess tubular function is to withhold food and water for 12 hours and, then, measure (A) Serum urea (B) Serum creatinine (C) Urine output in one hour (D) Specific gravity of urine

Description : A simple way to assess tubular function is to withhold food and water for 12 hours and, then, measure (A) Serum urea (B) Serum creatinine (C) Urine output in one hour (D) Specific gravity of urine

Last Answer : Answer : D

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the assessment of protein reserve? a. Conventional serum proteins such as albumin and globulin are early indicators of malnutrition b. The total lymphocyte count reflects immune status and not nutrition c. Antigen skin testing reflects patient immunity and not nutrition d. Measurement of urea excretion in urine can be used as a measurement of protein breakdown

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the assessment of protein reserve? a. Conventional serum proteins such as albumin and globulin are early indicators of malnutrition b. The ... d. Measurement of urea excretion in urine can be used as a measurement of protein breakdown

Last Answer : Answer: d Since protein is the functional and structural chemical of the body, most nutritional assessment techniques are estimates of protein reserves. The actual nitrogen balance can ... patients convert from reactive to anergic, and reactivity can be restored by nutritional repletion

Rank the following laboratory tests and procedures in terms of their relative value to a 65-year-old woman who is to undergo elective resection of a sigmoid cancer. A. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). B. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN). C. Electrocardiogram (ECG). D. Hemoglobin concentration (Hgb). E. Serum creatinine (Cr). F. Arterial blood oxygen tension (PaO 2) on room air. G. Serum sodium concentration (Na+).

Description : Rank the following laboratory tests and procedures in terms of their relative value to a 65-year-old woman who is to undergo elective resection of a sigmoid cancer. A. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). B. ... Arterial blood oxygen tension (PaO 2) on room air. G. Serum sodium concentration (Na+).

Last Answer : Answer: CDFEBAG DISCUSSION: The most important test by far is the electrocardiogram, with its capacity to indicate signs of occult heart disease. The second most important evaluation is the hemoglobin ... for resection of the colon is always normal and would be of least value among these tests

A 15-year-old girl was seen by her family physician because of increasing lethargy. She had a recent history of the "flu". Biochemistry tests show that she has renal impairement. serum sodium 140 mmol/L (137 - 144) serum potassium 4.2 mmol/L (3.5 - 4.9) serum urea 28 mol/L (2.5 - 7.5) serum creatinine 280 µmol/L (60 - 110) Her condition does not improve after several weeks on corticosteroid therapy, so a renal biopsy is performed. The biopsy demonstrates the presence of segmental sclerosis of 3 of 10 glomeruli identified in the biopsy specimen. Immunofluorescence studies and electron microscopy do not reveal evidence for immune deposits. What is the most appropriate advice to give regarding her condition? 1) She has an underlying malignancy 2) She may require a renal transplant in 10 years

Description : A 15-year-old girl was seen by her family physician because of increasing lethargy. She had a recent history of the "flu". Biochemistry tests show that she has renal impairement. ... will likely develop a restrictive lung disease 5) She will probably improve with additional corticosteroid therapy

Last Answer : Answers-2 The findings point to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), which leads to chronic renal failure in half of cases. The lack of resolution with corticosteroid therapy and the progression to chronic renal failure is what sets FSGS apart from minimal change disease.

A person who is on a long hunger strike and is surviving only on water, will have (a) less amino acids in his urine (b) more glucose in his blood(c) less urea in his urine (d) more sodium in his urine.

Description : A person who is on a long hunger strike and is surviving only on water, will have (a) less amino acids in his urine (b) more glucose in his blood (c) less urea in his urine (d) more sodium in his urine.

Last Answer : (c) less urea in his urine

Organic compound of small molecular size is (A) Urea (B) Uric acid (C) Creatinine (D) Phosphates

Description : Organic compound of small molecular size is (A) Urea (B) Uric acid (C) Creatinine (D) Phosphates

Last Answer : Answer : A

When NH3 is perfused through a dog’s liver ______ is formed, while ______ is formed in the birds liver. (A) Urea, Uric acid (B) Urea, allantoin (C) Uric acid, creatinine (D) Uric acid, Urea

Description : When NH3 is perfused through a dog’s liver ______ is formed, while ______ is formed in the birds liver. (A) Urea, Uric acid (B) Urea, allantoin (C) Uric acid, creatinine (D) Uric acid, Urea

Last Answer : Answer : A

Gout is characterized by increased plasma levels of (A) Urea (B) Uric acid (C) Creatine (D) Creatinine

Description : Gout is characterized by increased plasma levels of (A) Urea (B) Uric acid (C) Creatine (D) Creatinine

Last Answer : Answer : B

Mechanism by which NH3 is removed from the kidneys is (A) Urea formation (B) Uric acid formation (C) Creatinine formation (D) None of these

Description : Mechanism by which NH3 is removed from the kidneys is (A) Urea formation (B) Uric acid formation (C) Creatinine formation (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

NH3 is removed from brain mainly by (A) Creatinine formation (B) Uric acid production (C) Urea formation (D) Glutamine formation

Description : NH3 is removed from brain mainly by (A) Creatinine formation (B) Uric acid production (C) Urea formation (D) Glutamine formation

Last Answer : Answer : D

In humans, NH3 is detoxified in liver as (A) Creatinine (B) Uric acid (C) Urea (D) Uronic acid

Description : In humans, NH3 is detoxified in liver as (A) Creatinine (B) Uric acid (C) Urea (D) Uronic acid

Last Answer : Answer : C

NH3 is detoxified in brain chiefly as (A) Urea (B) Uric acid (C) Creatinine (D) Glutamine

Description : NH3 is detoxified in brain chiefly as (A) Urea (B) Uric acid (C) Creatinine (D) Glutamine

Last Answer : Answer : D

Non-protein nitrogenous substances in blood include all of the following except (A) Urea (B) Uric acid (C) Creatinine (D) Inositol

Description : Non-protein nitrogenous substances in blood include all of the following except (A) Urea (B) Uric acid (C) Creatinine (D) Inositol

Last Answer : Answer : C

Among the following, the most sensitive indicator of glomerular function is (A) Serum urea (B) Serum creatinine (C) Urea clearance (D) Creatinine clearance

Description : Among the following, the most sensitive indicator of glomerular function is (A) Serum urea (B) Serum creatinine (C) Urea clearance (D) Creatinine clearance

Last Answer : Answer : D

Essential amino acids have been advocated as standard therapy for renal failure. Which of the following statements are true? A. Increased survival from acute renal failure has been reported with both essential and nonessential amino acid therapy of patients in renal failure. B. Essential amino acids retard the rise of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) secondary to decreased urea appearance. C. Essential amino acids and hypertonic dextrose are a convenient form of therapy for hyperkalemia. D. Essential amino acids decrease BUN and creatinine to the same degree as solutions containing excessive nonessential amino acids.

Description : Essential amino acids have been advocated as standard therapy for renal failure. Which of the following statements are true? A. Increased survival from acute renal failure has been reported ... BUN and creatinine to the same degree as solutions containing excessive nonessential amino acids.

Last Answer : Answer: BC DISCUSSION: Essential amino acids and hypertonic dextrose, as opposed to hypertonic dextrose alone, was reported by Abel and co-workers to be associated with a decreased mortality rate ... renal failure have not been carried out in sufficient numbers to yield answers to this question

The following findings are normal in pregnancy: a. elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) b. raised serum urea c. raised serum creatinine d. elevated white blood cell count

Description : The following findings are normal in pregnancy: a. elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) b. raised serum urea c. raised serum creatinine d. elevated white blood cell count

Last Answer : elevated white blood cell count

Which one of the following sub-stances is normally found in urine? (1) blood proteins (2) creatinine (3) red blood cells Fir (4) white blood cells rniw

Description : Which one of the following sub-stances is normally found in urine? (1) blood proteins (2) creatinine (3) red blood cells Fir (4) white blood cells rniw

Last Answer : (2) creatinine Explanation: Creatinine is a chemical waste molecule that is generated from muscle metabolism. It is transported through the bloodstream to the kidneys. The kidneys filter out most of ... in the urine. High levels of creatinine warn of possible malfunction or failure of the kidneys.

An 80 year old male presented with dull aching loin pain & interrupted voiding of urine. BUN and creatinine were increased. US revealed a bilateral hydronephrosis. What is the most probable Dx? a) Stricture of the urethra b) Urinary bladder tumor c) BPH d) Pelvic CA e) Renal stone

Description : An 80 year old male presented with dull aching loin pain & interrupted voiding of urine. BUN and creatinine were increased. US revealed a bilateral hydronephrosis. What is the most probable Dx? a) Stricture of the urethra b) Urinary bladder tumor c) BPH d) Pelvic CA e) Renal stone

Last Answer : c) BPH

Which one of the following substances is normally found in urine? (1) blood proteins (2) creatinine

Description : Which one of the following substances is normally found in urine? (1) blood proteins (2) creatinine

Last Answer : creatinine

Following is the common constituent found in the milk and blood: A A. Globulin B. Casein C. Albumin D. Minerals

Description : Following is the common constituent found in the milk and blood: A A. Globulin B. Casein C. Albumin D. Minerals

Last Answer : Globulin

Following is the common constituent found in the milk and blood: A A. Globulin B. Casein C. Albumin D. Minerals

Description : Following is the common constituent found in the milk and blood: A A. Globulin B. Casein C. Albumin D. Minerals

Last Answer : Globulin

What is the normal range of albumin creatine ratio in urine?

Description : What is the normal range of albumin creatine ratio in urine?

Last Answer : Need answer

Molecular Iron, Fe, is (A) Stored in the body in combination with Ferritin (B) Stored primarily in the spleen (C) Excreted in the urine as Fe2+ (D) absorbed in the intestine by albumin VITAMINS 129

Description : Molecular Iron, Fe, is (A) Stored in the body in combination with Ferritin (B) Stored primarily in the spleen (C) Excreted in the urine as Fe2+ (D) absorbed in the intestine by albumin VITAMINS 129

Last Answer : Answer : A

In increase in α2-Globulin with loss of albumin in urine suggests (A) Primary immune deficiency (B) Nephrotic syndrome (C) Cirrhosis of liver (D) Multiple myeloma

Description : In increase in α2-Globulin with loss of albumin in urine suggests (A) Primary immune deficiency (B) Nephrotic syndrome (C) Cirrhosis of liver (D) Multiple myeloma

Last Answer : Answer : B

Oncotic pressure refers to a) the osmotic pressure exerted by proteins. Oncotic pressure is a pulling pressure exerted by proteins, such as albumin. b) the number of dissolved particles contained in a unit of fluid. Osmolality refers to the number of dissolved particles contained in a unit of fluid. c) the excretion of substances such as glucose through increased urine output. Osmotic diuresis occurs when the urine output increases due to excretion of substances such as glucose. d) the amount of pressure needed to stop flow of water by osmosis. Osmotic pressure is the amount of pressure needed to stop the flow of water by osmosis.

Description : Oncotic pressure refers to a) the osmotic pressure exerted by proteins. Oncotic pressure is a pulling pressure exerted by proteins, such as albumin. b) the number of dissolved particles contained in a ... . Osmotic pressure is the amount of pressure needed to stop the flow of water by osmosis.

Last Answer : a) the osmotic pressure exerted by proteins. Oncotic pressure is a pulling pressure exerted by proteins, such as albumin.

A person is undergoing prolonged fasting. His urine will be found to contain abnormal quantities of (a) fats (b) amino acids (c) glucose (d) ketones.

Description : A person is undergoing prolonged fasting. His urine will be found to contain abnormal quantities of (a) fats (b) amino acids (c) glucose (d) ketones.

Last Answer : d) ketones.

Abnormal component of urine is

Description : Abnormal component of urine is

Last Answer : Albumin

which following to the abnormal component of Urine

Description : which following to the abnormal component of Urine

Last Answer : Kitone body

In a comparison of amounts of urea in human urine, the largest amount of urea would be found with a diet very rich in `:-`

Description : In a comparison of amounts of urea in human urine, the largest amount of urea would be found with a diet very rich in `:-`

Last Answer : In a comparison of amounts of urea in human urine, the largest amount of urea would be ... (sucrose) C. Complex carbohydrates (starches0 D. Protein

Urea nitrogen - urine?

Description : Urea nitrogen - urine?

Last Answer : DefinitionUrine urea nitrogen is a measure of protein breakdown in the body. A test can be done to measure the amount of urea in the urine.Alternative NamesUrine urea nitrogenHow the test is performedA 24-hour ... (a plastic bag with an adhesive paper on one end), and place it on the infant. Fo

Urea clearance is the (A) Amount of urea excreted per minute (B) Amount of urea present in 100 ml of urine (C) Volume of blood cleared of urea in one minute (D) Amount of urea filtered by glomeruli in one minute

Description : Urea clearance is the (A) Amount of urea excreted per minute (B) Amount of urea present in 100 ml of urine (C) Volume of blood cleared of urea in one minute (D) Amount of urea filtered by glomeruli in one minute

Last Answer : Answer : A

The formula to calculate maximum urea clearance is U V× B , where U denotes (A) Concentration of urea in urine in gm/24hr (B) Concentration of urea in urine in mg/100 ml (C) Concentration of urea in blood in mg/100 ml (D) Volume of urine in ml/mt

Description : The formula to calculate maximum urea clearance is U V× B , where U denotes (A) Concentration of urea in urine in gm/24hr (B) Concentration of urea in urine in mg/100 ml (C) Concentration of urea in blood in mg/100 ml (D) Volume of urine in ml/mt

Last Answer : Answer : B

Urea clearance test is used to determine the (A) Glomerular filtration rate (B) Renal plasma flow (C) Ability of kidney to concentrate the urine (D) Measurement of tubular mass

Description : Urea clearance test is used to determine the (A) Glomerular filtration rate (B) Renal plasma flow (C) Ability of kidney to concentrate the urine (D) Measurement of tubular mass

Last Answer : Answer : A

The normal daily output of Urea through urine in grams: (A) 10 to 20 (B) 15 to 25 (C) 20 to 30 (D) 25 to 35

Description : The normal daily output of Urea through urine in grams: (A) 10 to 20 (B) 15 to 25 (C) 20 to 30 (D) 25 to 35

Last Answer : Answer : C

Benedict’s test is less likely to give weakly positive results with concentrated urine due to the action of (A) Urea (B) Uric acid (C) Ammonium salts (D) Phosphates

Description : Benedict’s test is less likely to give weakly positive results with concentrated urine due to the action of (A) Urea (B) Uric acid (C) Ammonium salts (D) Phosphates

Last Answer : B

ADH test is based on the measurement of (A) Specific gravity of urine (B) Concentration of urea in urine (C) Concentration of urea in blood (D) Volume of urine in ml/minute

Description : ADH test is based on the measurement of (A) Specific gravity of urine (B) Concentration of urea in urine (C) Concentration of urea in blood (D) Volume of urine in ml/minute

Last Answer : A

In ornithine cycle, which of the following wastes are removed from the blood? (a) CO2 and urea (b) Ammonia and urea (c) CO2 and ammonia (d) Urea and urine

Description : In ornithine cycle, which of the following wastes are removed from the blood? (a) CO2 and urea (b) Ammonia and urea (c) CO2 and ammonia (d) Urea and urine

Last Answer : (c) CO2 and ammonia

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the microvascular and cellular response to shock? a. Osmodically induced mobilization of intracellular fluid is the initial response to restore intravascular volume b. With larger volume hemorrhagic shock deterioration of normal cellular transmembrane potential occurs resulting in an increase in extracellular sodium and water c. The accumulation of anaerobic metabolites override normal homeostatic vasomotor tone and contribute to the maladaptive vasodilatation d. Abnormal intracellular calcium homeostasis may contribute to the cellular dysfunction of shock

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the microvascular and cellular response to shock? a. Osmodically induced mobilization of intracellular fluid is the initial ... d. Abnormal intracellular calcium homeostasis may contribute to the cellular dysfunction of shock

Last Answer : Answer: c, d Moderate hypovolemia results in a relatively rapid spontaneous restitution of intravascular volume through expansion of the plasma space. This plasma expansion by ... potassium pump. Cellular dysfunction also appears to be related to abnormal intracellular calcium homeostasis

Deficiency of urea cycle enzymes results into accumulation of citrulline argininosuccinate arginine in the liver resulting in increasing concentration of …….. in the blood. (A) Calcium (B) Sodium (C) Ammonia (D) Lipid

Description : Deficiency of urea cycle enzymes results into accumulation of citrulline argininosuccinate arginine in the liver resulting in increasing concentration of …….. in the blood. (A) Calcium (B) Sodium (C) Ammonia (D) Lipid

Last Answer : Answer : C

A 19 year-old female is referred following a visit to the dentist where marked erosion of her teeth was noted. She was entirely asymptomatic and her only medication was the oral contraceptive pill. On examination her blood pressure was 110/70 mmHg and her body mass index was 21.5 kg/m2 (18 - 25). Investigations sodium 135 mmol/l potassium 2.1 mmol/l bicarbonate 42 mmol/l urea 2.6 mol/L corrected calcium 2.08 mmol/ alkaline phosphatase 201 iu/l (50-110) What is the most likely diagnosis? 1) Bulimia nervosa 2) Conn's syndrome 3) Laxative abuse 4) Pregnancy 5) Primary hypoparathyroidism

Description : A 19 year-old female is referred following a visit to the dentist where marked erosion of her teeth was noted. She was entirely asymptomatic and her only medication was the oral contraceptive pill ... ) Bulimia nervosa 2) Conn's syndrome 3) Laxative abuse 4) Pregnancy 5) Primary hypoparathyroidism

Last Answer : Answers-5 This patient has tooth erosion associated with hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis and hypocalcaemia. This suggests a diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism. Conn's is unlikely in this age group, is ... raised alkaline phosphatase would not be expected. Early pregnancy would not fit this picture.

Sodium depletion occurs in excessive sweating, and cannot be corrected by drinking water alone. When uncorrected, it may lead to A. Increase of urea in blood B. Swelling of ankles and feet C. Muscle cramps, loss of energy, fatigue and faintness D. Renal failure

Description : Sodium depletion occurs in excessive sweating, and cannot be corrected by drinking water alone. When uncorrected, it may lead to A. Increase of urea in blood B. Swelling of ankles and feet C. Muscle cramps, loss of energy, fatigue and faintness D. Renal failure

Last Answer : ANSWER: C

Which is a natural colloid? (1) Sodium chloride (2) Urea (3) Cane-sugar (4) Blood

Description : Which is a natural colloid? (1) Sodium chloride (2) Urea (3) Cane-sugar (4) Blood

Last Answer : (4) Blood Explanation: Examples of natural colloids can be found in our body itself: blood consists of colloidal sized red blood corpuscles (RBC) which provide the vital oxygen to all the body tissues.

Urea is a - (1) Sodium fertilizer (2) Phosphatic fertilizer (3) Nitrogenous fertilizer (4) Potassium fertilizer

Description : Urea is a - (1) Sodium fertilizer (2) Phosphatic fertilizer (3) Nitrogenous fertilizer (4) Potassium fertilizer

Last Answer : (3) Nitrogenous fertilizer Explanation: More than 90% of world production of urea is destined for use as a nitrogen-release fertilizer. Urea has the highest nitrogen content of all solid nitrogenous fertilizers in common use.

Diethyl malonate reacts with urea in the presence of sodium ethoxide to form (a) Uric acid (b) Barbituric acid (c) Phenobarbital (d) Barbital

Description : Diethyl malonate reacts with urea in the presence of sodium ethoxide to form (a) Uric acid (b) Barbituric acid (c) Phenobarbital (d) Barbital

Last Answer : Barbituric acid

In Artificial rain making process for cold cloud seeding — chemical is used. a. Silver iodine b. Sodium chloride c. Urea d. Calcium cyanamide

Description : In Artificial rain making process for cold cloud seeding — chemical is used. a. Silver iodine b. Sodium chloride c. Urea d. Calcium cyanamide

Last Answer : a. Silver iodine