An orthopedist is a medical doctor that specializes in treatment of the musculoskeletal system. Orthopedists treat any condition associated with the bones, from spinal abnormalities to chronic joint pain. If you suffer from chronic pain in your back, hips, knees or other joints, a visit to the orthopedist may help. If you've tried chiropractic, acupuncture and other less invasive treatments with minimal results, it may be time to see an orthopedist.