DefinitionVolkmann's contracture is a deformity of the hand, fingers, and wrist caused by injury to the muscles of the forearm.See also: Compartment syndromeAlternative NamesIschemic contractureCauses, incidence, and risk factorsVolkmann's contracture occurs when there is a lack of blood flow (ischemia) to the forearm. This usually occurs when there is increased pressure due to swelling, a condition called compartment syndrome.Trauma to the arm, including a crush injury or fracture, can lead to swelling that compresses blood vessels and can decrease blood flow to the arm. A prolonged decrease in blood flow will injure the nerves and muscles, causing them to shorten and become stiff (scarred).When the muscle shortens, it pulls on the joint at the end of the muscle just as it would if it wer