Which of the following terms refers to a deficienc of blood flow into a part of the body? Is it: a) intrafusal b) ischemia c) infarct d) none of these

Which of the following terms refers to a deficienc of blood flow into a part of the body? Is it: a) intrafusal b) ischemia c) infarct d) none of these
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ANSWER: B -- ISCHEMIA
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Which of the following terms refers to a muscular, cramp-like pain in the extremities consistently reproduced with the same degree of exercise and relieved by rest? a) Intermittent claudication Intermittent claudication is a sign of peripheral arterial insufficiency. b) Aneurysm An aneurysm is a localized sac of an artery wall formed at a weak point in the vessel. c) Bruit A bruit is the sound produced by turbulent blood flow through an irregular, tortuous, stenotic, or dilated vessel. d) Ischemia Ischemia is a term used to denote deficient blood supply.

Description : Which of the following terms refers to a muscular, cramp-like pain in the extremities consistently reproduced with the same degree of exercise and relieved by rest? a) Intermittent claudication Intermittent ... or dilated vessel. d) Ischemia Ischemia is a term used to denote deficient blood supply.

Last Answer : a) Intermittent claudication Intermittent claudication is a sign of peripheral arterial insufficiency.

Which of the following terms refers to chest pain brought on by physical or emotional stress and relieved by rest or medication? a) angina pectoris Angina pectoris is a symptom of myocardial ischemia. b) atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis is an abnormal accumulation of lipid deposits and fibrous tissue within arterial walls and lumens. c) atheroma Atheromas are fibrous caps composed of smooth muscle cells that form over lipid deposits within arterial vessels. d) ischemia Ischemia is insufficient tissue oxygenation and may occur in any part of the body.

Description : Which of the following terms refers to chest pain brought on by physical or emotional stress and relieved by rest or medication? a) angina pectoris Angina pectoris is a symptom of myocardial ischemia. ... d) ischemia Ischemia is insufficient tissue oxygenation and may occur in any part of the body.

Last Answer : a) angina pectoris Angina pectoris is a symptom of myocardial ischemia.

Common cold differs from pneumonia in that (a) pneumonia is a communicable disease whereas the common cold is a nutritional deficienc(b) pneumonia can be prevented by a live attenuated bacterial vaccine whereas the common cold has no effective vaccine (c) pneumonia is caused by a virus while the common cold is caused by the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae (d) pneumonia pathogen infects alveoli whereas the common cold affects nose and respiratory passage but not the lungs.y disease

Description : Common cold differs from pneumonia in that (a) pneumonia is a communicable disease whereas the common cold is a nutritional deficiency disease (b) pneumonia can be prevented by a live attenuated ... infects alveoli whereas the common cold affects nose and respiratory passage but not the lungs.

Last Answer : (d) pneumonia pathogen infects alveoli whereas the common cold affects nose and respiratory passage but not the lungs.

Insufficient blood supply in human body is referred as – (1) Ischemia (2) Hyperemia (3) Hemostasia (4) Hemorrhage

Description : Insufficient blood supply in human body is referred as – (1) Ischemia (2) Hyperemia (3) Hemostasia (4) Hemorrhage

Last Answer : (1) Ischemia Explanation: In medicine, ischemia denotes a restriction or thinning or to make or grow thin/lean, haema blood) is a restriction in blood supply to tissues, causing a ... given part of a body sometimes resulting from congestion (such as vasoconstriction, thrombosis or embolism).

Insufficient blood supply in human body is referred as (1) Ischemia (2) Hyperemia (3) Hemostasia (4) Hemorrhage

Description : Insufficient blood supply in human body is referred as (1) Ischemia (2) Hyperemia (3) Hemostasia (4) Hemorrhage

Last Answer : Ischemia

A long-term effect of which of the following procedures post acute MI induces angioneogenesis? a) Transmyocardial laser revascularization TNR procedures usually involves making 20 to 40 channels in ventricular muscle. It is thought that some blood flows into the channels, decreasing the ischemia directly. Within the next few days to months, the channels close as a result of the body’s inflammatory process of healing a wound and new blood vessels form as a result of the inflammatory process.

Description : A long-term effect of which of the following procedures post acute MI induces angioneogenesis? a) Transmyocardial laser revascularization TNR procedures usually involves making 20 to 40 channels in ventricular muscle. ... e.g., clopidigrel [Plavix]) therapy for 2 weeks and lifetime use of aspirin).

Last Answer : a) Transmyocardial laser revascularization TNR procedures usually involves making 20 to 40 channels in ventricular muscle. It is thought that some blood flows into the channels, decreasing the ischemia directly. ... healing a wound and new blood vessels form as a result of the inflammatory process.

Multi-infarct dementia?

Description : Multi-infarct dementia?

Last Answer : DefinitionMulti-infarct dementia (MID) is a form of dementia caused by a series of small strokes.Dementia is a loss of brain function that occurs with certain diseases. It affects memory, thinking, language, ... an infarct. "Multi-infarct" means that many areas in the brain have been injured due to

Which of the following are not determinants of a postoperative cardiac complication? A. Myocardial infarct 4 months previously. B. Clinical evidence of congestive heart failure in a patient with 8.5 gm. per dl. hemoglobin. C. Premature atrial or ventricular contractions on electrocardiogram. D. A harsh aortic systolic murmur. E. Age over 70 years.

Description : Which of the following are not determinants of a postoperative cardiac complication? A. Myocardial infarct 4 months previously. B. Clinical evidence of congestive heart failure in a patient with 8.5 gm ... on electrocardiogram. D. A harsh aortic systolic murmur. E. Age over 70 years.

Last Answer : Answer: B DISCUSSION: Clinical evidence of congestive heart failure in a patient with 8.5 gm. per dl. hemoglobin concentration is a misleading sign. Evidence of congestive ... or ventricular contractions on the electrocardiogram are less strong determinants of a postoperative cardiac complication

Red infarct are seen in Options: 1) Lungs 2) Kidneys 3) Spleen 4) Bones

Description : Red infarct are seen in Options: 1) Lungs 2) Kidneys 3) Spleen 4) Bones

Last Answer : Correct Answer: 1) Lungs

In a patient of myocardial infarction, β adrenergic blockers are used with the following aim/aims: A. To reduce the incidence of reinfarction B. To prevent cardiac arrhythmias C. To limit size of the infarct D. All of the above

Description : In a patient of myocardial infarction, β adrenergic blockers are used with the following aim/aims: A. To reduce the incidence of reinfarction B. To prevent cardiac arrhythmias C. To limit size of the infarct D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

A 68-year-old male who underwent a repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm 5 days ago, develops tachycardia, tachypnea, hypotension with cool, pale, mottled cyanotic extremities. He is agitated and complains of shortness of breath. Which of the following statement(s) is/ are correct concerning his diagnosis and management? a. Myocardial ischemia secondary to preexisting coronary artery disease is most likely the underlying cause of this problem b. Invasive hemodynamic monitoring with a Swan-Gantz catheter will demonstrate a low cardiac output, a high systemic vascular resistance, and elevated cardiac filling pressures c. The use of morphine sulphate and nitrates should be part of the initial management d. The primary pharmacologic treatment involves the use of moderate doses of inotropic ag

Description : A 68-year-old male who underwent a repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm 5 days ago, develops tachycardia, tachypnea, hypotension with cool, pale, mottled cyanotic extremities. He ... use of moderate doses of inotropic agents e. Afterload reduction with nitroprusside is absolutely contraindicated

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, d Intrinsic cardiogenic shock results from failure of the heart as an effective pump. Coronary artery disease is the most common cause of myocardial ... hemodynamic monitoring. Infusion of afterload-reducing agents can be administered in conjunction with inotropic support

Which of the following is/are acceptable reasons for the transfusion of red blood cells based on currently available data? A. Rapid, acute blood loss with unstable vital signs but no available hematocrit or hemoglobin determination. B. Symptomatic anemia: orthostatic hypotension, severe tachycardia (greater than 120 beats per minute), evidence of myocardial ischemia, including angina. C. To increase wound healing. D. A hematocrit of 26% in an otherwise stable, asymptomatic patient.

Description : Which of the following is/are acceptable reasons for the transfusion of red blood cells based on currently available data? A. Rapid, acute blood loss with unstable vital signs but no available ... increase wound healing. D. A hematocrit of 26% in an otherwise stable, asymptomatic patient.

Last Answer : Answer: AB DISCUSSION: Currently accepted guidelines for the transfusion of packed red blood cells include acute ongoing blood loss, as might occur in an injured patient, and the development of ... not be given based solely or predominantly on a numerical value such as a hematocrit of 28%

Which of the following terms refers to a graft derived from one part of a patient’s body and used on another part of that same patient’s body? a) Autograft Autografts of full-thickness and pedicle flaps are commonly used for reconstructive surgery, months or years after the initial injury.

Description : Which of the following terms refers to a graft derived from one part of a patient's body and used on another part of that same patient's body? a) Autograft Autografts of full-thickness and pedicle ... A heterograft is a graft obtained from an animal of a species other than that of the recipient.

Last Answer : a) Autograft Autografts of full-thickness and pedicle flaps are commonly used for reconstructive surgery, months or years after the initial injury.

Intestinal ischemia and infarction?

Description : Intestinal ischemia and infarction?

Last Answer : DefinitionIntestinal ischemia and infarction is damage to (ischemia) or death of (infarction) part of the intestine due to a decrease in its blood supply.Alternative NamesIntestinal necrosis; ... supplying the intestine. Patients with previous heart attacks or with arrhythmias, such as atrial

Hepatic ischemia?

Description : Hepatic ischemia?

Last Answer : DefinitionHepatic ischemia is a condition in which the liver does not get enough blood or oxygen, causing injury to liver cells.Alternative NamesIschemic hepatitis; Shock liverCauses, incidence, and ... the liver cells usually does not cause symptoms.Signs and testsBlood levels of liver enzymes,

Serum a lka l ine phosphatase leve l increases in (A) Hypothyroidism (B) Carcinoma of prostate (C) Hyperparathyroidism (D) Myocardial ischemia

Description : Serum a lka l ine phosphatase leve l increases in (A) Hypothyroidism (B) Carcinoma of prostate (C) Hyperparathyroidism (D) Myocardial ischemia

Last Answer : Answer : C

In early stages of myocardial ischemia the most sensitive indicator is the measurement of the activity of (A) CPK (B) SGPT (C) SGOT (D) LDH

Description : In early stages of myocardial ischemia the most sensitive indicator is the measurement of the activity of (A) CPK (B) SGPT (C) SGOT (D) LDH

Last Answer : Answer : A

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning ischemia reperfusion injury? a. During ischemia, ATP degradation results in increased plasma and intracellular levels of hypoxanthine and xanthene b. Oxygen free radicals such as the superoxide radical are involved in the expression of the proinflammatory phenotype of endothelial cells, macrophages and neutrophils c. The intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAN-1) contributes to injury and disruption of the endothelial lining, with extensive capillary leak and resultant interstitial edema d. Animal models have demonstrated that passive immunization with antibodies to neutrophil adhesive complex lessen the ischemic/reperfusion microvascular injury

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning ischemia reperfusion injury? a. During ischemia, ATP degradation results in increased plasma and intracellular levels of ... immunization with antibodies to neutrophil adhesive complex lessen the ischemic/reperfusion microvascular injury

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d During the ischemia and hypoperfusion phase, degradation of ATP stores essential to maintain cell integrity and significant loss of diffusible ... either the neutrophil adhesive complex or the endothelial selectins dramatically lessens ischemia/reperfusion microvascular injury

Which of the following statements are true of oxidants? A. In addition to their pathophysiologic roles in inflammation, injury, and infection, oxidants also have physiologic roles. B. Oxidants may be generated from activated neutrophils and during reperfusion following a period of ischemia. C. The deleterious effects of oxidants include lipid peroxidation and cell membrane damage, oxidative damage to DNA, and inhibition of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. D. The mechanism of ischemia-reperfusion injury involved the catalytic production of superoxide anion (O 2•) by the enzyme xanthine oxidase.

Description : Which of the following statements are true of oxidants? A. In addition to their pathophysiologic roles in inflammation, injury, and infection, oxidants also have physiologic roles. B. Oxidants may ... involved the catalytic production of superoxide anion (O 2 ) by the enzyme xanthine oxidase.

Last Answer : Answer: ABCD DISCUSSION: Oxidants are reactive oxygen metabolites that have both physiologic and pathophysiologic roles. As potent oxidizing agents, oxidants are involved in cytochrome P ... leukocyte infiltration and activation, causing further tissue damage by the release of cytotoxic proteases

Regarding morphine, all are true Except A. Respiratory depression ... effect B. Can be IV subcutaneously, rectally and epidurally C. Can cause nausea and vomiting D. Less effective against pain of myocardial ischemia

Description : Regarding morphine, all are true Except A. Respiratory depression ... effect B. Can be IV subcutaneously, rectally and epidurally C. Can cause nausea and vomiting D. Less effective against pain of myocardial ischemia

Last Answer : Ans: D

Each of the following result in ischemia EXCEPT C A. Arterial occlusion B. Venous occlusion C. Cyanosis D. None of these

Description : Each of the following result in ischemia EXCEPT C A. Arterial occlusion B. Venous occlusion C. Cyanosis D. None of these

Last Answer : Cyanosis

Which of the following terms refers to tarry, black stools? a) Melena Melena indicates blood in the stool. b) Hemarthrosis Hemarthrosis is bleeding into a joint. c) Hematemesis Hematemesis is vomiting blood. d) Pyrosis Pyrosis refers to heartburn.

Description : Which of the following terms refers to tarry, black stools? a) Melena Melena indicates blood in the stool. b) Hemarthrosis Hemarthrosis is bleeding into a joint. c) Hematemesis Hematemesis is vomiting blood. d) Pyrosis Pyrosis refers to heartburn.

Last Answer : a) Melena Melena indicates blood in the stool.

Which of the following terms is used to describe the study of the factors that influence the flow characteristics of blood as it moves through the body? Is it: a) hemodynamics b) anginology c) capillary physiology d) none of these

Description : Which of the following terms is used to describe the study of the factors that influence the flow characteristics of blood as it moves through the body? Is it: a) hemodynamics b) anginology c) capillary physiology d) none of these

Last Answer : ANSWER: A -- HEMODYNAMICS

Which of the following terms refers to weakness of both legs and the lower part of the trunk? a) Paraparesis Paraparesis is a frequent manifestation of degenerative neurologic disorders.

Description : Which of the following terms refers to weakness of both legs and the lower part of the trunk? a) Paraparesis Paraparesis is a frequent manifestation of degenerative neurologic disorders. b) ... four extremities. d) Paraplegia Paraplegia refers to paralysis of both legs and the lower trunk.

Last Answer : a) Paraparesis Paraparesis is a frequent manifestation of degenerative neurologic disorders.

Which of the following terms refers to a form of white blood cell involved in immune response? a) Lymphocyte Both B and T lymphocytes respond to exposure to antigens. b) Granulocyte Granulocytes include basophils, neutrophils, and eosinophils. c) Spherocyte A spherocyte is a red blood cell without central pallor, seen with hemolysis. d) Thrombocyte A thombocyte is a platelet.

Description : Which of the following terms refers to a form of white blood cell involved in immune response? a) Lymphocyte Both B and T lymphocytes respond to exposure to antigens. b) Granulocyte Granulocytes ... blood cell without central pallor, seen with hemolysis. d) Thrombocyte A thombocyte is a platelet.

Last Answer : a) Lymphocyte Both B and T lymphocytes respond to exposure to antigens.

Which of the following terms refers to an abnormal decrease in white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets? a) Pancytopenia Pancytopenia may be congenital or acquired. b) Anemia Anemia refers to decreased red cell mass. c) Leukopenia Leukopenia refers to a less-than-normal amount of WBCs in circulation. d) Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia refers to a lower-than-normal platelet count.

Description : Which of the following terms refers to an abnormal decrease in white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets? a) Pancytopenia Pancytopenia may be congenital or acquired. b) Anemia ... of WBCs in circulation. d) Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia refers to a lower-than-normal platelet count.

Last Answer : a) Pancytopenia Pancytopenia may be congenital or acquired.

Which of the following terms is used to describe inability to breathe easily except in an upright position? a) Orthopnea Patients with orthopnea are placed in a high Fowler’s position to facilitate breathing. b) Dyspnea Dyspnea refers to labored breathing or shortness of breath. c) Hemoptysis Hemoptysis refers to expectoration of blood from the respiratory tract. d) Hypoxemia Hypoxemia refers to low oxygen levels in the blood.

Description : Which of the following terms is used to describe inability to breathe easily except in an upright position? a) Orthopnea Patients with orthopnea are placed in a high Fowler's position to facilitate ... blood from the respiratory tract. d) Hypoxemia Hypoxemia refers to low oxygen levels in the blood.

Last Answer : a) Orthopnea Patients with orthopnea are placed in a high Fowler’s position to facilitate breathing.

Which of the following terms refers most precisely to a localized skin infection of a single hair follicle? a) Furuncle Furuncles occur anywhere on the body, but are most prevalent in areas subjected to irritation, pressure friction, and excessive perspiration, such as the back of the neck, the axillae, or the buttocks.

Description : Which of the following terms refers most precisely to a localized skin infection of a single hair follicle? a) Furuncle Furuncles occur anywhere on the body, but are most prevalent in areas ... Comedone. Comedones are the primary lesions of acne, caused by sebum blockage in the hair follicle.

Last Answer : a) Furuncle Furuncles occur anywhere on the body, but are most prevalent in areas subjected to irritation, pressure friction, and excessive perspiration, such as the back of the neck, the axillae, or the buttocks.

Which of the following methods of physical examination refers to the translation of physical force into sound? a) Percussion Percussion translates the application of physical force into sound. b) Palpation Palpation refers to examination by non-forceful touching. c) Auscultation Auscultation refers to the skill of listening to sounds produced within the body created by movement of air or fluid. d) Manipulation Manipulation refers to the use of the hands to determine motion of a body part.

Description : Which of the following methods of physical examination refers to the translation of physical force into sound? a) Percussion Percussion translates the application of physical force into sound. b) Palpation ... Manipulation refers to the use of the hands to determine motion of a body part.

Last Answer : a) Percussion Percussion translates the application of physical force into sound.

Which terms refers to physical characteristics that are studied in genetics?

Description : Which terms refers to physical characteristics that are studied in genetics?

Last Answer : TRAITS

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Description : What terms refers to the process of restoring a Renaissance painting to its original look?

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Description : What of these terms refers to loss of the bodily fluids that sometimes occurs during extended exercise?

Last Answer : Your question doesn't provide us with the terms so there is noanswer.

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Description : What terms refers to a group of two or more persons related by birth marriage or adoption and residing together in a household?

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Description : What terms refers to a sentence where the offender serves a term of imprisonment followed by a term of probation?

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Description : WHICH terms refers to the efficiency of a rockets engine?

Last Answer : Specific impulse

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Description : Which of these terms refers to a group of populations living in a given area?

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Description : Which of these terms refers to loss of muscle and strength and decreased quality of muscle tissue?

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Which of the following terms refers to the use of compressed gasses to drive (power) the robot device? a) pneumatic b) hydraulic c) piezoelectric d) photosensitive

Description : Which of the following terms refers to the use of compressed gasses to drive (power) the robot device? a) pneumatic b) hydraulic c) piezoelectric d) photosensitive

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Description : Which of the following terms refers to the rotational motion of a robot arm? a) swivel b) axle c) retrograde d) roll

Last Answer : d) roll

Which of the following terms refers to the rotational motion of a robot arm A : Swivel B : Axle C : Retrograde D : Roll

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Last Answer : D : Roll

Which of the following terms refers to individual’s beliefs and action that are rooted in anti-female prejudice and stereotypic beliefs? [A] Individual Sexism [B] Institutionalized sexism [C] Gender Socialization [D] Gender Segregation

Description : Which of the following terms refers to individual’s beliefs and action that are rooted in anti-female prejudice and stereotypic beliefs? [A] Individual Sexism [B] Institutionalized sexism [C] Gender Socialization [D] Gender Segregation

Last Answer : [A] Individual Sexism

Which of the following terms refers to a process by which an individual receives education about recognition of stress reactions and management strategies for handling stress?

Description : Which of the following terms refers to a process by which an individual receives education about recognition of stress reactions and management strategies for handling stress? a. Defusing Defusing is a ... jobs but that can also occur to anyone involved in a disaster or mass casualty incident.

Last Answer : a. Defusing Defusing is a process by which the individual receives education about recognition of stress reactions and management strategies for handling stress. It is a component of critical incident stress management (CISM).

Which of the following terms refers to injuries that occur when a person is caught between objects, run over by a moving vehicle, or compressed by machinery? a) Crush injuries Crush injuries are those that occur when a person is caught between objects, run over by a moving vehicle, or compressed by machinery.

Description : Which of the following terms refers to injuries that occur when a person is caught between objects, run over by a moving vehicle, or compressed by machinery? a) Crush injuries Crush ... wounds. d) Intra-abdominal injuries Intra-abdominal injuries are categorized as penetrating and blunt trauma.

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Which of the following terms refers to a state of microorganisms being present within a host without causing host interference or interaction? a) Colonization Understanding the principle of colonization facilitates interpretation of microbiologic reports.

Description : Which of the following terms refers to a state of microorganisms being present within a host without causing host interference or interaction? a) Colonization Understanding the principle of colonization ... to a particular pathogen. d) Infection Infection refers to host interaction with an organism.

Last Answer : a) Colonization Understanding the principle of colonization facilitates interpretation of microbiologic reports.

Which of the following terms most precisely refers to an infection acquired in the hospital that was not present or incubating at the time of hospital admission? a) Nosocomial infection A 1970 CDC study found that about one-third of nosocomial infections could be prevented when effective infection control programs were in place.

Description : Which of the following terms most precisely refers to an infection acquired in the hospital that was not present or incubating at the time of hospital admission? a) Nosocomial infection A 1970 CDC ... in humans has increased within the past two decades or threaten to increase in the near future.

Last Answer : a) Nosocomial infection A 1970 CDC study found that about one-third of nosocomial infections could be prevented when effective infection control programs were in place.

Which of the following terms refers to a fracture in which one side of a bone is broken and the other side is bent? a) Greenstick A greenstick fracture is a fracture in which one side of a bone is broken and the other side is bent.

Description : Which of the following terms refers to a fracture in which one side of a bone is broken and the other side is bent? a) Greenstick A greenstick fracture is a fracture in which one side of a bone ... tendon and its attachment. d) Oblique An oblique is a fracture occurring at an angle across the bone.

Last Answer : a) Greenstick A greenstick fracture is a fracture in which one side of a bone is broken and the other side is bent.

Which of the following terms refers to failure of fragments of a fractured bone to heal together? a) Nonunion When nonunion occurs, the patient complains of persistent discomfort and movement at the fracture site.

Description : Which of the following terms refers to failure of fragments of a fractured bone to heal together? a) Nonunion When nonunion occurs, the patient complains of persistent discomfort and movement at the ... growth of the fragments of a fractured bone in a faulty position, forming an imperfect union.

Last Answer : a) Nonunion When nonunion occurs, the patient complains of persistent discomfort and movement at the fracture site.

Which of the following terms refers to an injury to ligaments and other soft tissues of a joint? a) Sprain A sprain is caused by a wrenching or twisting motion.

Description : Which of the following terms refers to an injury to ligaments and other soft tissues of a joint? a) Sprain A sprain is caused by a wrenching or twisting motion. b) Dislocation Dislocation refers ... separation or dislocation of joint surfaces. d) Strain Strain refers to a muscle pull or tear.

Last Answer : a) Sprain A sprain is caused by a wrenching or twisting motion.