Optic nerve axon emerges from: a. Ganglion cells b. Rods and cones c. Amacrine cells d. Inner nuclear layer

Optic nerve axon emerges from: a. Ganglion cells b. Rods and cones c. Amacrine cells d. Inner nuclear layer 
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ANSWER: A
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In retinal detachment, fluid accumulates between: a. Outer plexiform layer and inner nuclear layer. b. Neurosensory retina and layer of retinal pigment epithelium c. Nerve fiber layer and rest of retina. d. Retinal pigment epithelium and Bruch’s membrane.

Description : In retinal detachment, fluid accumulates between: a. Outer plexiform layer and inner nuclear layer. b. Neurosensory retina and layer of retinal pigment epithelium c. Nerve fiber layer and rest of retina. d. Retinal pigment epithelium and Bruch’s membrane.  

Last Answer : ANSWER: B 

Night blindness is caused by: a. Central retinal vein occlusion b. Dystrophies of retinal rods c. Dystrophies of the retinal cones d. Retinal detachment

Description : Night blindness is caused by: a. Central retinal vein occlusion b. Dystrophies of retinal rods c. Dystrophies of the retinal cones d. Retinal detachment

Last Answer : ANSWER: B

Select the answer with correct matching of the structure, its location and function. Structure Location Function (a) Eustachian Anterior Equalizes air tube part of pressure on internal ear either sides of tympanic membrane (b) Cerebellum Midbrain Controls respiration and gastric secretions (c) Hypothal Forebrain Controls body -amus temperature, urge for eating and drinking (d) Blind spot Near the place Rods and cones where optic are present but nerve leaves inactive here the eye

Description : Select the answer with correct matching of the structure, its location and function. Structure Location Function (a) Eustachian Anterior Equalizes air tube part of pressure on internal ear either sides ... the place Rods and cones where optic are present but nerve leaves inactive here the eye

Last Answer : (c) Hypothal Forebrain Controls body -amus temperature, urge for eating and drinking

In mammalian eye, the ‘fovea’ is the center of the visual field, where (a) only rods are present (b) more rods than cones are found (c) high density of cones occur, but has no rods (d) the optic nerve leaves the eye.

Description : In mammalian eye, the ‘fovea’ is the center of the visual field, where (a) only rods are present (b) more rods than cones are found (c) high density of cones occur, but has no rods (d) the optic nerve leaves the eye.

Last Answer : (c) high density of cones occur, but has no rods

Homonymous hemianopia is the result of a lesion in: a. Optic chiasma b. Retina c. optic tract d. Optic nerve

Description : Homonymous hemianopia is the result of a lesion in: a. Optic chiasma b. Retina c. optic tract d. Optic nerve

Last Answer : ANSWER: C  

Optic nerve function is best studied by: a. Direct Ophthalmoscope b. Retinoscope c. Perimetry d. Gonioscopy

Description : Optic nerve function is best studied by: a. Direct Ophthalmoscope b. Retinoscope c. Perimetry d. Gonioscopy

Last Answer : ANSWER: C

Homonymous hemianopia is due to lesion at: a. Optic tract b. Optic nerve c. Optic chiasma d. Retina e. Occipital cortex

Description : Homonymous hemianopia is due to lesion at: a. Optic tract b. Optic nerve c. Optic chiasma d. Retina e. Occipital cortex

Last Answer : ANSWER: A

Cornea is supplied by nerve fibers derived from: a. Trochlear nerve b. Optic nerve c. Trigeminal nerve d. Oculomotor nerve

Description : Cornea is supplied by nerve fibers derived from: a. Trochlear nerve b. Optic nerve c. Trigeminal nerve d. Oculomotor nerve

Last Answer : ANSWER: C  

Direct light reflex of the pupil is absent in: a. lesion of the ipsilateral ciliary ganglion. b. transaction of the ipsilateral optic nerve. c. bilateral occipital lobe lesion. d. topical application of phenylepherine.

Description : Direct light reflex of the pupil is absent in: a. lesion of the ipsilateral ciliary ganglion. b. transaction of the ipsilateral optic nerve. c. bilateral occipital lobe lesion. d. topical application of phenylepherine.

Last Answer : lesion of the ipsilateral ciliary ganglion.

The ciliary ganglion: a. is found between the optic nerve and the medial rectus b. contains sympathetic nerve that supplies the sphincter pupillae c. is a parasympathetic relay ganglion for fibers from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus d. contains sensory nerve e. has a motor nerve that goes to the inferior oblique

Description : The ciliary ganglion: a. is found between the optic nerve and the medial rectus b. contains sympathetic nerve that supplies the sphincter pupillae c. is a parasympathetic relay ganglion for fibers from ... nucleus d. contains sensory nerve e. has a motor nerve that goes to the inferior oblique

Last Answer : is a parasympathetic relay ganglion for fibers from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus

Optic disc diameter is: a. 1 mm b. 1.5 mm c. 2 mm d. 3 mm

Description : Optic disc diameter is: a. 1 mm b. 1.5 mm c. 2 mm d. 3 mm

Last Answer : ANSWER: B  

A male patient 30 years old with visual acuity of 6/6 in both eyes. Twelve hours ago he presented with drop of vision of the left eye. On examination, visual acuity was 6/6 in the right eye and 6/60 in the left eye. Fundus examination showed blurred edges of the left optic disc. The most probable diagnosis is: a. Raised intra cranial pressure b. Raised ocular tension c. Central retinal artery occlusion d. Optic neuritis

Description : A male patient 30 years old with visual acuity of 6/6 in both eyes. Twelve hours ago he presented with drop of vision of the left eye. On examination, visual acuity was 6/6 in the ... : a. Raised intra cranial pressure b. Raised ocular tension c. Central retinal artery occlusion d. Optic neuritis

Last Answer : ANSWER: D

The type of optic atrophy that follows retro-bulbar neuritis is: a. Secondary optic atrophy b. Consecutive optic atrophy c. Glaucomatous optic atrophy d. Primary optic atrophy

Description : The type of optic atrophy that follows retro-bulbar neuritis is: a. Secondary optic atrophy b. Consecutive optic atrophy c. Glaucomatous optic atrophy d. Primary optic atrophy 

Last Answer : ANSWER: A  

Retro-bulbar optic neuritis is characterized by: a. Marked swelling of the optic disc. b. Impaired direct light reflex in the affected eye c. Impaired consensual light reflex in the affected eye d. Normal visual acuity

Description : Retro-bulbar optic neuritis is characterized by: a. Marked swelling of the optic disc. b. Impaired direct light reflex in the affected eye c. Impaired consensual light reflex in the affected eye d. Normal visual acuity  

Last Answer : ANSWER: B 

Primary optic atrophy results from: a. Retinal disease b. Chronic glaucoma c. Papilledema d. Neurological disease

Description : Primary optic atrophy results from: a. Retinal disease b. Chronic glaucoma c. Papilledema d. Neurological disease

Last Answer : ANSWER: D

You have been referred a case of open angle glaucoma. Which of the following would be an important point in diagnosing the case? a. Shallow anterior chamber b. Optic disc cupping c. Narrow angle d. visual acuity and refractive error

Description : You have been referred a case of open angle glaucoma. Which of the following would be an important point in diagnosing the case? a. Shallow anterior chamber b. Optic disc cupping c. Narrow angle d. visual acuity and refractive error

Last Answer : ANSWER: B  

A 12 years old boy receiving long term treatment for spring catarrh, developed defective vision in both eyes. The likely cause is: a. Posterior subcapsular cataract b. Retinopathy of prematurity c. Optic neuritis d. Vitreous hemorrhage

Description : A 12 years old boy receiving long term treatment for spring catarrh, developed defective vision in both eyes. The likely cause is: a. Posterior subcapsular cataract b. Retinopathy of prematurity c. Optic neuritis d. Vitreous hemorrhage 

Last Answer : ANSWER: A 

In complete third nerve paralysis the direction of the affected eye in the primary position is: a. Inward b. Outward c. Outward and up d. Outward and down

Description : In complete third nerve paralysis the direction of the affected eye in the primary position is: a. Inward b. Outward c. Outward and up d. Outward and down

Last Answer : ANSWER: D  

Mydriasis is present in all the following except: a. Third nerve lesion b. Pontine haemorrhage c. Datura poisoning d. Fourth stage of anesthesia

Description : Mydriasis is present in all the following except: a. Third nerve lesion b. Pontine haemorrhage c. Datura poisoning d. Fourth stage of anesthesia  

Last Answer : ANSWER: B  

All are seen in 3rd nerve palsy except: a. Ptosis b. Diplopia c. Miosis d. Outwards eye deviation

Description : All are seen in 3rd nerve palsy except: a. Ptosis b. Diplopia c. Miosis d. Outwards eye deviation

Last Answer : ANSWER: C

Lagophthalmos can occur in all of the following except; a. 7th cranial nerve paralysis b. 5th cranial nerve paralysis c. Thyrotoxic exophthalmos d. Symblepharon

Description : Lagophthalmos can occur in all of the following except; a. 7th cranial nerve paralysis b. 5th cranial nerve paralysis c. Thyrotoxic exophthalmos d. Symblepharon

Last Answer : ANSWER: B  

Fifth nerve palsy could cause: a. Ptosis b. Proptosis c. Neuropathic keratopathy d. Lagophthalmos

Description : Fifth nerve palsy could cause: a. Ptosis b. Proptosis c. Neuropathic keratopathy d. Lagophthalmos 

Last Answer : ANSWER: C 

Evisceration is: a. Excision of the entire eyeball b. Excision of all the inner contents of the eyeball including the uveal tissue c. Photocoagulation of the retina d. Removal of orbit contents

Description : Evisceration is: a. Excision of the entire eyeball b. Excision of all the inner contents of the eyeball including the uveal tissue c. Photocoagulation of the retina d. Removal of orbit contents

Last Answer : ANSWER: B 

A patient complains of maceration of skin of the lids and conjunctiva redness at the inner and outer canthi. Conjunctival swab is expected to show: a. Slaphylococcus aureus. b. Streptococcus viridans. c. Streptococcus pneumonae d. Morax- Axenfeld diplobacilli

Description : A patient complains of maceration of skin of the lids and conjunctiva redness at the inner and outer canthi. Conjunctival swab is expected to show: a. Slaphylococcus aureus. b. Streptococcus viridans. c. Streptococcus pneumonae d. Morax- Axenfeld diplobacilli

Last Answer : ANSWER: D

Outer most layer of retina which holds sensory neuron like rods & cones is

Description : Outer most layer of retina which holds sensory neuron like rods & cones is

Last Answer : Outer most layer of retina which holds sensory neuron like rods & cones is

Outer most layer of retina which holds sensory neuron like rods & cones is

Description : Outer most layer of retina which holds sensory neuron like rods & cones is

Last Answer : Outer most layer of retina which holds sensory neuron like rods & cones is

Which of the following statements is not correct? (a) An action potential in an axon does not move backward because the segment behind is in a refractory phase. (b) Depolarisation of hair cells of cochlea results in the opening of the mechanically gated potassium-ion channels. (c) Rods are very sensitive and contribute to daylight vision. (d) In the knee-jerk reflex, stimulus is the stretching of muscle and response is its contraction.

Description : Which of the following statements is not correct? (a) An action potential in an axon does not move backward because the segment behind is in a refractory phase. (b) Depolarisation of hair cells ... d) In the knee-jerk reflex, stimulus is the stretching of muscle and response is its contraction.

Last Answer : (c) Rods are very sensitive and contribute to daylight vision.

The light sensitive cells that respond to dim light are ________. a)cones b)rods c)cornea d)retina

Description : The light sensitive cells that respond to dim light are ________. a)cones b)rods c)cornea d)retina

Last Answer : b)rods

The following are true: a. the ratio of rod to cone is about 20:1 b. there are more ganglion cells in the retina than photoreceptors c. the rod density is the highest nasal to the optic disc d. the retinal artery is the main supply of nutrients to the photoreceptors

Description : The following are true: a. the ratio of rod to cone is about 20:1 b. there are more ganglion cells in the retina than photoreceptors c. the rod density is the highest nasal to the optic disc d. the retinal artery is the main supply of nutrients to the photoreceptors

Last Answer : the ratio of rod to cone is about 20:1

Most of the thickness of cornea is formed by: a. Epithelial layer b. Substantia propria c. Descemet's membrane d. Endothelium

Description : Most of the thickness of cornea is formed by: a. Epithelial layer b. Substantia propria c. Descemet's membrane d. Endothelium

Last Answer : ANSWER: B  

Cells which envelop nerve fibres and form myelin sheath around the axon are

Description : Cells which envelop nerve fibres and form myelin sheath around the axon are

Last Answer : Cells which envelop nerve fibres and form myelin sheath around the axon are

Cells which envelop nerve fibres and form myelin sheath around the axon are

Description : Cells which envelop nerve fibres and form myelin sheath around the axon are

Last Answer : Cells which envelop nerve fibres and form myelin sheath around the axon are

In vernal catarrh, the characteristic cells are: a. Macrophage b. Eosinophils c. Neutrophils d. Epitheloid cells

Description : In vernal catarrh, the characteristic cells are: a. Macrophage b. Eosinophils c. Neutrophils d. Epitheloid cells

Last Answer : ANSWER: B 

The following are true about electroretinogram (ERG): a. the a-wave has negative deflection b. a wave is generated by the retinal pigment epithelium c. amacrine cells are responsible for the oscillatory potential d. it is possible to separate the cone and rod ERG

Description : The following are true about electroretinogram (ERG): a. the a-wave has negative deflection b. a wave is generated by the retinal pigment epithelium c. amacrine cells are responsible for the oscillatory potential d. it is possible to separate the cone and rod ERG

Last Answer : t is possible to separate the cone and rod ERG

What is the difference between Rods and Cones? -Biology

Description : What is the difference between Rods and Cones? -Biology

Last Answer : answer:

In the eye, colour vision is effected by the presence of - (1) Choroid coat (2) Sclerotic coat (3) Rods (4) Cones

Description : In the eye, colour vision is effected by the presence of - (1) Choroid coat (2) Sclerotic coat (3) Rods (4) Cones

Last Answer : (4) Cones Explanation: Cone cells, or cones, are photoreceptor cells in the retina of the eye that are responsible for color vision, they function best in relatively bright light, as opposed to ... , but quickly reduce in number towards the periphery of the retina. It allow the perception of colour

The colour of the eye depends upon the pigment present in - (1) cornea (2) iris (3) rods (4) cones

Description : The colour of the eye depends upon the pigment present in - (1) cornea (2) iris (3) rods (4) cones

Last Answer : (2) iris Explanation: Eye colour is a polygenic phenotypic character determined by 2 distinct factors: the pigmentation of the eye's iris and the frequency-dependence of the scattering of light by the ... iris stroma (located at the front of the iris), and the cellular density of the stroma.

Where is Rods and Cones present?

Description : Where is Rods and Cones present?

Last Answer : Retina

With regard to dark adaptation: a. is a quicker process than light adaptation b. the sensitivity of the cones increases more rapidly than the rods c. it is monophasic in rod monochromatism d. the first limb of the curve represents rod recovery

Description : With regard to dark adaptation: a. is a quicker process than light adaptation b. the sensitivity of the cones increases more rapidly than the rods c. it is monophasic in rod monochromatism d. the first limb of the curve represents rod recovery

Last Answer : it is monophasic in rod monochromatism

With regard to light perception: a. the fovea contains only cones b. the cones have a lower threshold to light than rods c. rods respond most to the red-yellow end of light d. rods respond most to wavelengths of about 500nm

Description : With regard to light perception: a. the fovea contains only cones b. the cones have a lower threshold to light than rods c. rods respond most to the red-yellow end of light d. rods respond most to wavelengths of about 500nm

Last Answer : rods respond most to wavelengths of about 500nm

True statement about dark adaptation include: a. there is a shift in peak spectral sensitivity from 555 nm to 505 nm with dark adaptation b. rods are more sensitive than cone during dark adaptation c. biphasic changes only occur in retina which processes both rods and cones d. all above

Description : True statement about dark adaptation include: a. there is a shift in peak spectral sensitivity from 555 nm to 505 nm with dark adaptation b. rods are more sensitive than cone during dark adaptation c. biphasic changes only occur in retina which processes both rods and cones d. all above

Last Answer : all above

Photoreceptors (Rods and cones) of eye are present in (a) Sclera (b) Cornea (c) Retina (d) Pupil

Description : Photoreceptors (Rods and cones) of eye are present in (a) Sclera (b) Cornea (c) Retina (d) Pupil

Last Answer : (c) Retina

Parts A, B, C and D of the human eye are shown in the diagram. Select the option which gives correct identification along with its functions characteristics. (a) C-Aqueous chamber-Reflects the light which does not pass through the lens. (b) D - Choroid - Its anterior part forms ciliary body. (c) A - Retina - Contains photoreceptors, i.e., rods and cones. (d) B - Blind spot-Has only a few rods and cones.

Description : Parts A, B, C and D of the human eye are shown in the diagram. Select the option which gives correct identification along with its functions characteristics. (a) C-Aqueous chamber-Reflects the light which does not ... , i.e., rods and cones. (d) B - Blind spot-Has only a few rods and cones.

Last Answer : (c) A - Retina - Contains photoreceptors, i.e., rods and cones.

Which one of the following statements is not correct? (a) Retinal is the light absorbing portion of visual photopigments. (b) In retina the rods have the photopigment rhodopsin while cones have three different photopigments. (c) Retinal is a derivative of vitamin C. (d) Rhodopsin is the purplish red protein present in rods only.

Description : Which one of the following statements is not correct? (a) Retinal is the light absorbing portion of visual photopigments. (b) In retina the rods have the photopigment rhodopsin while cones have three ... a derivative of vitamin C. (d) Rhodopsin is the purplish red protein present in rods only.

Last Answer : (c) Retinal is a derivative of vitamin C.

The colour of the eye depends upon the pigment present in (1) cornea (2) iris (3) rods (4) cones

Description : The colour of the eye depends upon the pigment present in (1) cornea (2) iris (3) rods (4) cones

Last Answer : iris

In the eye, colour vision is effected by the presence of : (1) Choroid coat (2) Sclerotic coat (3) Rods (4) Cones

Description : In the eye, colour vision is effected by the presence of : (1) Choroid coat (2) Sclerotic coat (3) Rods (4) Cones

Last Answer : Cones

why accessory nerve is not spinal nerve even it emerges from spinal cord? -Biology

Description : why accessory nerve is not spinal nerve even it emerges from spinal cord? -Biology

Last Answer : answer:

The light reflex involves the following structures: a. Edinger-Westphal nucleus b. ciliary ganglion c. lateral geniculate body d. oculomotor nerve

Description : The light reflex involves the following structures: a. Edinger-Westphal nucleus b. ciliary ganglion c. lateral geniculate body d. oculomotor nerve

Last Answer : Edinger-Westphal nucleus

The parotid gland: a. contains a fascial sheath which is innervated by second cervical nerve b. receives post-ganglionic parasympathetic nerve from the otic ganglion c. contains a duct which opens into the mouth opposite the upper canine tooth d. is composed of serous acini which contribute to the saliva e. is covered by the massenter

Description : The parotid gland: a. contains a fascial sheath which is innervated by second cervical nerve b. receives post-ganglionic parasympathetic nerve from the otic ganglion c. contains a duct which opens ... . is composed of serous acini which contribute to the saliva e. is covered by the massenter

Last Answer : contains a fascial sheath which is innervated by second cervical nerve

The conduction velocity of the nerve fibres is increased by: a. decreased temperature b. increased concentration of the external sodium ions e. increased axon diameter d. myelination

Description : The conduction velocity of the nerve fibres is increased by: a. decreased temperature b. increased concentration of the external sodium ions e. increased axon diameter d. myelination

Last Answer : myelination