Mucokinetic is a drug which: A. Reduces airway mucus secretion B. Increases airway mucus secretion C. Makes respiratory secretions more watery D. Stimulates mucociliary activity of bronchial epithelium

Mucokinetic is a drug which: A. Reduces airway mucus secretion B. Increases airway mucus secretion C. Makes respiratory secretions more watery D. Stimulates mucociliary activity of bronchial epithelium
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C. Makes respiratory secretions more watery
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Inhaled ipratropium bromide has the following advantages except: A. It does not alter respiratory secretions B. It does not depress airway mucociliary clearance C. It has faster onset of bronchodilator action than inhaled salbutamol D. It only rarely produces systemic side effects

Description : Inhaled ipratropium bromide has the following advantages except: A. It does not alter respiratory secretions B. It does not depress airway mucociliary clearance C. It has faster onset of bronchodilator action than inhaled salbutamol D. It only rarely produces systemic side effects

Last Answer : C. It has faster onset of bronchodilator action than inhaled salbutamol

Inhaled ipratropium bromide has the following advantages except: A. It does not alter respiratory secretions B. It does not depress airway mucociliary clearance C. It has faster onset of bronchodilator action than inhaled salbutamol D. It only rarely produces systemic side effects

Description : Inhaled ipratropium bromide has the following advantages except: A. It does not alter respiratory secretions B. It does not depress airway mucociliary clearance C. It has faster onset of bronchodilator action than inhaled salbutamol D. It only rarely produces systemic side effects

Last Answer : C. It has faster onset of bronchodilator action than inhaled salbutamol

Antitussives act by: A. Liquifying bronchial secretions B. Raising the threshold of cough centre C. Reducing cough inducing impulses from the lungs D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

Description : Antitussives act by: A. Liquifying bronchial secretions B. Raising the threshold of cough centre C. Reducing cough inducing impulses from the lungs D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

Last Answer : D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

In a patient of bronchial asthma, inhaled salbutamol produces the following effect(s): A. Inhibits antigen-antibody reaction in the lungs B. Causes bronchodilatation C. Reduces bronchial hyperreactivity D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

Description : In a patient of bronchial asthma, inhaled salbutamol produces the following effect(s): A. Inhibits antigen-antibody reaction in the lungs B. Causes bronchodilatation C. Reduces bronchial hyperreactivity D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

Last Answer : B. Causes bronchodilatation

Bromhexine acts by: A. Inhibiting cough centre B. Irritating gastric mucosa and reflexly increasing bronchial secretion C. Depolymerizing mucopolysaccharides present in sputum. D. Desensitizing stretch receptors in the lungs

Description : Bromhexine acts by: A. Inhibiting cough centre B. Irritating gastric mucosa and reflexly increasing bronchial secretion C. Depolymerizing mucopolysaccharides present in sputum. D. Desensitizing stretch receptors in the lungs

Last Answer : C. Depolymerizing mucopolysaccharides present in sputum.

The following expectorant acts both directly on the airway mucosa as well as reflexly: A. Potassium iodide B. Guaiphenesin C. Terpin hydrate D. Bromhexine

Description : The following expectorant acts both directly on the airway mucosa as well as reflexly: A. Potassium iodide B. Guaiphenesin C. Terpin hydrate D. Bromhexine

Last Answer : A. Potassium iodide

In comparison to inhaled β 2 adrenergic agonists, the inhaled anticholinergics: A. Are more effective in bronchial asthma B. Are better suited for control of an acute attack of asthma C. Produce slower response in bronchial asthma D. Produce little benefit in chronic obstructive lung disease

Description : In comparison to inhaled β 2 adrenergic agonists, the inhaled anticholinergics: A. Are more effective in bronchial asthma B. Are better suited for control of an acute attack of asthma C. Produce slower response in bronchial asthma D. Produce little benefit in chronic obstructive lung disease

Last Answer : C. Produce slower response in bronchial asthma

Montelukast produces the following action(s) in bronchial asthma patients: A. Bronchodilatation B. Suppression of bronchial hyperreactivity C. Stabilization of mast cells D. Both 'A' and 'B'

Description : Montelukast produces the following action(s) in bronchial asthma patients: A. Bronchodilatation B. Suppression of bronchial hyperreactivity C. Stabilization of mast cells D. Both 'A' and 'B'

Last Answer : D. Both 'A' and 'B'

Inhaled salbutamol is useful in bronchial asthma for: A. Aborting/terminating asthma attacks B. Round the clock prophylaxis of asthma C. Status asthmaticus D. All of the above

Description : Inhaled salbutamol is useful in bronchial asthma for: A. Aborting/terminating asthma attacks B. Round the clock prophylaxis of asthma C. Status asthmaticus D. All of the above

Last Answer : A. Aborting/terminating asthma attacks

Bronchodilators are useful in cough: A. Only when cough is nonproductive B. Only when cough is associated with thick sticky secretions C. Only when reflex bronchoconstriction is associated D. Irrespective of nature of cough or associated features

Description : Bronchodilators are useful in cough: A. Only when cough is nonproductive B. Only when cough is associated with thick sticky secretions C. Only when reflex bronchoconstriction is associated D. Irrespective of nature of cough or associated features

Last Answer : C. Only when reflex bronchoconstriction is associated

Choose the antiulcer drug that inhibits gastric acid secretion, stimulates gastric mucus and bicarbonate secretion and has cytoprotective action on gastric mucosa: A. Misoprostol B. Sucralfate C. Carbenoxolone sodium D. Colloidal bismuth subcitrate

Description : Choose the antiulcer drug that inhibits gastric acid secretion, stimulates gastric mucus and bicarbonate secretion and has cytoprotective action on gastric mucosa: A. Misoprostol B. Sucralfate C. Carbenoxolone sodium D. Colloidal bismuth subcitrate

Last Answer : A. Misoprostol

Systemic corticosteroids are indicated in the following conditions except: A. Mild episodic asthma B. Severe chronic asthma C. Status asthmaticus D. To prevent neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

Description : Systemic corticosteroids are indicated in the following conditions except: A. Mild episodic asthma B. Severe chronic asthma C. Status asthmaticus D. To prevent neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

Last Answer : A. Mild episodic asthma

Leukotrienes: 1) Are formed from the cyclooxygenase pathway 2) Are synthesized by fibroblasts 3) Decrease vascular permeability 4) Leukotriene D4 has been identified as SRS-A which causes bronchial wall smooth muscle relaxation 5) Stimulate mucus secretion

Description : Leukotrienes: 1) Are formed from the cyclooxygenase pathway 2) Are synthesized by fibroblasts 3) Decrease vascular permeability 4) Leukotriene D4 has been identified as SRS-A which causes bronchial wall smooth muscle relaxation 5) Stimulate mucus secretion

Last Answer : Answers-5 Leukotrienes are synthesized by leucocytes.They are mediators of allergic reaction. They increase vascular permeability and attract neutrophils and eosinophils to inflammatory sites. ... stimulate mucus production, an important consideration in the pathophysiology of bronchial asthma.

Select the antiasthma drug which cannot be administered by inhalation: A. Theophylline B. Ipratropium bromide C. Budesonide D. Terbutaline

Description : Select the antiasthma drug which cannot be administered by inhalation: A. Theophylline B. Ipratropium bromide C. Budesonide D. Terbutaline

Last Answer : A. Theophylline

Progesterone administration: A. Suppresses onset of menstruation B. Induces watery cervical secretion C. Sensitizes the uterus to oxytocin D. Cornifies vaginal epithelium

Description : Progesterone administration: A. Suppresses onset of menstruation B. Induces watery cervical secretion C. Sensitizes the uterus to oxytocin D. Cornifies vaginal epithelium

Last Answer : A. Suppresses onset of menstruation

Caffeine is more powerful than theophylline in exerting the following action: A. Bronchodilatation B. Cardiac stimulation C. Diuresis D. Augmentation of skeletal muscl contractility

Description : Caffeine is more powerful than theophylline in exerting the following action: A. Bronchodilatation B. Cardiac stimulation C. Diuresis D. Augmentation of skeletal muscl contractility

Last Answer : D. Augmentation of skeletal muscl contractility

The first line of host defense is the barrier presented to the external environment. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning host barriers? a. Sebaceous glands secrete chemical compounds that maintain a relatively high pH, providing effective bacterial stasis b. Within the respiratory tract, ciliary function serves to extrude microorganisms trapped within the mucus secretion layer c. The low pH within the stomach markedly decreases bacterial content of the upper gastrointestinal tract d. Gut peristalsis serves to prevent microbial adherence and invasion

Description : The first line of host defense is the barrier presented to the external environment. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning host barriers? a. Sebaceous glands secrete ... of the upper gastrointestinal tract d. Gut peristalsis serves to prevent microbial adherence and invasion

Last Answer : Answer: b, c, d The skin, mucus membranes, and epithelial layers of various organs of the body constitute effective physical barriers against microbial invasion. In certain portions of the ... very low pH within the stomach and gut peristalsis both serve to prevent microbial adherence and invasion

Use of glycopyrrolate in preanaesthetic medication serves the following purposes except: A. Prevents respiratory secretions during anaesthesia B. Guards against reflex vagal bradycardia during surgery C. Produces amnesia for perioperative events D. Reduces the probability of occurrence of laryngospasm

Description : Use of glycopyrrolate in preanaesthetic medication serves the following purposes except: A. Prevents respiratory secretions during anaesthesia B. Guards against reflex vagal bradycardia during ... Produces amnesia for perioperative events D. Reduces the probability of occurrence of laryngospasm

Last Answer : C. Produces amnesia for perioperative events

Inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate should be used only in: A. Acute attack of asthma B. Moderate to severe chronic asthma C. Status asthmaticus D. Asthma not responding to systemic corti- costeroids

Description : Inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate should be used only in: A. Acute attack of asthma B. Moderate to severe chronic asthma C. Status asthmaticus D. Asthma not responding to systemic corti- costeroids

Last Answer : B. Moderate to severe chronic asthma

Intranasal spray of budesonide is indicated in: A. Common cold B. Acute sinusitis C. Perennial vasomotor rhinitis D. Epistaxis

Description : Intranasal spray of budesonide is indicated in: A. Common cold B. Acute sinusitis C. Perennial vasomotor rhinitis D. Epistaxis

Last Answer : C. Perennial vasomotor rhinitis

Which of the following drugs inhibits theophylline metabolism and raises its plasma concentration: A. Phenytoin B. Ciprofloxacin C. Levofloxacin D. Rifampicin

Description : Which of the following drugs inhibits theophylline metabolism and raises its plasma concentration: A. Phenytoin B. Ciprofloxacin C. Levofloxacin D. Rifampicin

Last Answer : B. Ciprofloxacin

Which of the following β 2 agonist bronchodilators is given by inhalation, and is suitable for both terminating asthma attacks as well as for twice daily prophylaxis: A. Terbutaline B. Bambuterol C. Salmeterol D. Formoterol

Description : Which of the following β 2 agonist bronchodilators is given by inhalation, and is suitable for both terminating asthma attacks as well as for twice daily prophylaxis: A. Terbutaline B. Bambuterol C. Salmeterol D. Formoterol

Last Answer : D. Formoterol

Select the correct statement about salmeterol: A. It is a long acting selective β2 agonist bronchodilator B. It is a bronchodilator with anti-inflammatory property C. It is a β blocker that can be safely given to asthmatics D. It is an antihistaminic with mast cell stabilizing property

Description : Select the correct statement about salmeterol: A. It is a long acting selective β2 agonist bronchodilator B. It is a bronchodilator with anti-inflammatory property C. It is a β blocker that can be safely given to asthmatics D. It is an antihistaminic with mast cell stabilizing property

Last Answer : A. It is a long acting selective β2 agonist bronchodilator

Which of the following ingredients has neither specific antitussive nor expectorant nor bronchodilator action, but is commonly present in proprietary cough formulations: A. Ambroxol B. Chlorpheniramine C. Guaiphenesin D. Noscapine

Description : Which of the following ingredients has neither specific antitussive nor expectorant nor bronchodilator action, but is commonly present in proprietary cough formulations: A. Ambroxol B. Chlorpheniramine C. Guaiphenesin D. Noscapine

Last Answer : B. Chlorpheniramine

The following antitussive is present in opium but has no analgesic or addicting properties: A. Noscapine B. Codeine C. Pholcodeine D. Ethylmorphine

Description : The following antitussive is present in opium but has no analgesic or addicting properties: A. Noscapine B. Codeine C. Pholcodeine D. Ethylmorphine

Last Answer : A. Noscapine

Which of the following is not an antitussive: A. Oxeladin B. Clophedianol C. Dextropropoxyphene D. Dextromethorphan

Description : Which of the following is not an antitussive: A. Oxeladin B. Clophedianol C. Dextropropoxyphene D. Dextromethorphan

Last Answer : C. Dextropropoxyphene

Dextromethorphan is an: A. Analgesic B. Antitussive C. Expectorant D. Antihistaminic

Description : Dextromethorphan is an: A. Analgesic B. Antitussive C. Expectorant D. Antihistaminic

Last Answer : B. Antitussive

Codeine is used clinically as: A. Analgesic B. Antitussive C. Antidiarrhoeal D. All of the above

Description : Codeine is used clinically as: A. Analgesic B. Antitussive C. Antidiarrhoeal D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

The presence of mucus and pus in the stools suggests a) Inflammatory colitis The presence of mucus and pus in the stools suggests inflammatory colitis or enteritis. b) Small bowel disease Watery stools are characteristic of small bowel disease. c) Disorders of the colon Loose, semisolid stools are associated more often with disorders of the colon. d) Intestinal malabsorption Voluminous, greasy stools suggest intestinal malabsorption.

Description : The presence of mucus and pus in the stools suggests a) Inflammatory colitis The presence of mucus and pus in the stools suggests inflammatory colitis or enteritis. b) Small bowel ... with disorders of the colon. d) Intestinal malabsorption Voluminous, greasy stools suggest intestinal malabsorption.

Last Answer : a) Inflammatory colitis The presence of mucus and pus in the stools suggests inflammatory colitis or enteritis.

When assessing the older adult, the nurse anticipates increase in which of the follow components of respiratory status? a) Residual lung volume As a result, patient experience fatigue and breathlessness with sustained activity. b) Vital capacity The nurse anticipates decreased vital capacity. c) Gas exchange and diffusing capacity The nurse anticipates decreased gas exchange and diffusing capacity resulting in impaired healing of tissues due to decreased oxygenation. d) Cough efficiency The nurse anticipates difficulty coughing up secretions due to decreased cough efficiency.

Description : When assessing the older adult, the nurse anticipates increase in which of the follow components of respiratory status? a) Residual lung volume As a result, patient experience fatigue ... ) Cough efficiency The nurse anticipates difficulty coughing up secretions due to decreased cough efficiency.

Last Answer : a) Residual lung volume As a result, patient experience fatigue and breathlessness with sustained activity.

Antitussives act by (a) Liquifying bronchial secretions (b) Raising the threshold of cough centre (c) Reducing cough inducing impulses from the lungs (d) Both (b) and (c)

Description : Antitussives act by (a) Liquifying bronchial secretions (b) Raising the threshold of cough centre (c) Reducing cough inducing impulses from the lungs (d) Both (b) and (c)

Last Answer : Ans: D

Which statement is NOT correct about PTH? A) When calcium level rises, PTH secretion is inhibited. B) When calcium level lowers, PTH secretion is stimulated. C) PTH has the opposite effect of calcitonin. D) PTH stimulates calcium absorption from the gut. E) PTH decreases the activity of osteoclasts.

Description : Which statement is NOT correct about PTH? A) When calcium level rises, PTH secretion is inhibited. B) When calcium level lowers, PTH secretion is stimulated. C) PTH has the opposite effect of ... . D) PTH stimulates calcium absorption from the gut. E) PTH decreases the activity of osteoclasts.

Last Answer : E) PTH decreases the activity of osteoclasts.

Which of the following types of lung cancer is characterized as fast growing and tending to arise peripherally? a) Large cell carcinoma Large cell carcinoma is a fast-growing tumor that tends to arise peripherally. b) Bronchioalveolar carcinoma Bronchioalveolar cell cancer arises from the terminal bronchus and alveoli and is usually slow-growing. c) Adenocarcinoma Adenocarcinoma presents as peripheral masses or nodules and often metastasizes. d) Squamous cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma arises from the bronchial epithelium and is more centrally located.

Description : Which of the following types of lung cancer is characterized as fast growing and tending to arise peripherally? a) Large cell carcinoma Large cell carcinoma is a fast-growing tumor that ... cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma arises from the bronchial epithelium and is more centrally located.

Last Answer : a) Large cell carcinoma Large cell carcinoma is a fast-growing tumor that tends to arise peripherally.

Choose the selective estrogen receptor modulator that is useful in dysfunctional uterine bleeding by acting as estrogen antagonist in endometrium, but does not alter vaginal epithelium or cervical mucus: A. Ormeloxifene B. Tamoxifen C. Centchroman D. Danazol

Description : Choose the selective estrogen receptor modulator that is useful in dysfunctional uterine bleeding by acting as estrogen antagonist in endometrium, but does not alter vaginal epithelium or cervical mucus: A. Ormeloxifene B. Tamoxifen C. Centchroman D. Danazol

Last Answer : . Ormeloxifen

In a patient of bronchial asthma, inhaled salbutamol produces the following effect(s). (a) Inhibits antigen-antibody reaction in the lungs (b) Causes bronchodilatation (c) Reduces bronchial hyperreactivity (d) Both (b) and (c)

Description : In a patient of bronchial asthma, inhaled salbutamol produces the following effect(s). (a) Inhibits antigen-antibody reaction in the lungs (b) Causes bronchodilatation (c) Reduces bronchial hyperreactivity (d) Both (b) and (c)

Last Answer : Ans: B

Bromhexine acts by (a) Inhibiting cough center (b) Irritating gastric mucosa and reflexly increasing bronchial secretion (c) Depolymerizing mucopolysaccharides present (d) Desensitizing stretch receptors in the lungs

Description : Bromhexine acts by (a) Inhibiting cough center (b) Irritating gastric mucosa and reflexly increasing bronchial secretion (c) Depolymerizing mucopolysaccharides present (d) Desensitizing stretch receptors in the lungs

Last Answer : Ans: C

Which of the following body substances causes increased gastric secretion, dilation of capillaries, and constriction of the bronchial smooth muscle? a) Histamine When cells are damaged, histamine is released.

Description : Which of the following body substances causes increased gastric secretion, dilation of capillaries, and constriction of the bronchial smooth muscle? a) Histamine When cells are damaged, ... Prostaglandin Prostaglandins are unsaturated fatty acids that have a wide assortment of biologic activity.

Last Answer : a) Histamine When cells are damaged, histamine is released.

Sucralfate promotes healing of duodenal ulcer by: A. Enhancing gastric mucus and bicarbonate secretion B. Coating the ulcer and preventing the action of acid-pepsin on ulcer base C. Promoting regeneration of mucosa D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

Description : Sucralfate promotes healing of duodenal ulcer by: A. Enhancing gastric mucus and bicarbonate secretion B. Coating the ulcer and preventing the action of acid-pepsin on ulcer base C. Promoting regeneration of mucosa D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

Last Answer : B. Coating the ulcer and preventing the action of acid-pepsin on ulcer base

The primary mechanism by which prostaglandins promote ulcer healing is: A. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion B. Augmentation of bicarbonate buffered mucus layer covering gastroduodenal mucosa C. Increased bicarbonate secretion in gastric juice D. Increased turnover of gastric mucosal cell

Description : The primary mechanism by which prostaglandins promote ulcer healing is: A. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion B. Augmentation of bicarbonate buffered mucus layer covering gastroduodenal mucosa C. Increased bicarbonate secretion in gastric juice D. Increased turnover of gastric mucosal cell

Last Answer : B. Augmentation of bicarbonate buffered mucus layer covering gastroduodenal mucosa

A 17-year-old patient involved in an automobile accident is paralyzed with multiple peripheral extremity injuries. Nutritional support is instituted with a transnasal feeding catheter. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the patient’s management? a. Feeding into the stomach results in stimulation of the biliary/pancreatic axis which is probably trophic for small bowel b. Gastric secretions will dilute the feedings increasing the risk of diarrhea c. The major risk in this patient is tracheobronchial aspiration d. Placement of the feeding catheter through the pylorus into the first portion of the duodenum reduces the risk of regurgitation and aspiration

Description : A 17-year-old patient involved in an automobile accident is paralyzed with multiple peripheral extremity injuries. Nutritional support is instituted with a transnasal feeding catheter. Which of the ... pylorus into the first portion of the duodenum reduces the risk of regurgitation and aspiration

Last Answer : Answer: a, c, d The use of transnasal feeding catheters for intragastric feeding or for duodenal intubation are popular adjuncts for providing nutritional support by the enteral route. The ... the fourth portion of the duodenum reduces the risk of regurgitation and aspiration of feeding formulas

Choose the correct statement about paracetamol: A. It increases uric acid excretion B. It is the most common drug implicated in causing analgesic nephropathy C. In equianalgesic doses it is safer than aspirin D. It stimulates cellular metabolism

Description : Choose the correct statement about paracetamol: A. It increases uric acid excretion B. It is the most common drug implicated in causing analgesic nephropathy C. In equianalgesic doses it is safer than aspirin D. It stimulates cellular metabolism

Last Answer : C. In equianalgesic doses it is safer than aspirin

Respiratory alkalosis can occur in (A) Bronchial asthma (B) Collapse of lungs (C) Hysterical hyperventilation (D) Bronchial obstruction

Description : Respiratory alkalosis can occur in (A) Bronchial asthma (B) Collapse of lungs (C) Hysterical hyperventilation (D) Bronchial obstruction

Last Answer : Answer : C

A patient of bronchial asthma maintained on theophylline developed upper respiratory tract infection. Which antimicrobial if used can increase the risk of developing theophylline toxicity: A. Ampicillin B. Cephalexin C. Cotrimoxazole D. Erythromycin

Description : A patient of bronchial asthma maintained on theophylline developed upper respiratory tract infection. Which antimicrobial if used can increase the risk of developing theophylline toxicity: A. Ampicillin B. Cephalexin C. Cotrimoxazole D. Erythromycin

Last Answer : D. Erythromycin

Hypoglycemia depresses insulin secretion and thus increases the rate of (A) Hydrolysis (B) Reduction (C) Gluconeogenesis (D) Respiratory acidosis

Description : Hypoglycemia depresses insulin secretion and thus increases the rate of (A) Hydrolysis (B) Reduction (C) Gluconeogenesis (D) Respiratory acidosis

Last Answer : Answer : C

(a) Draw a diagram of human respiratory system and label the following: (i) part where air is filtered by fine hair and mucus (ii) part which terminates in balloon – like structures (iii) balloon – like structures where exchange of gases takes place. (iv) part which separates chest cavity from abdominal cavity. (b) Why is the rate of breathing in aquatic organisms much faster than in terrestrial organisms? -Biology

Description : (a) Draw a diagram of human respiratory system and label the following: (i) part where air is filtered by fine hair and mucus (ii) part which terminates in balloon - like structures (iii) ... (b) Why is the rate of breathing in aquatic organisms much faster than in terrestrial organisms? -Biology

Last Answer : (a) (b) Quantity of dissolved oxygen is fairly low in water as compared to the amount of oxygen in air. Aquatic organisms therefore have to breath faster than terrestrial organisms to absorb the required amount of oxygen from the water.

This dimeric antibody class often occurs in secretions of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. a. IgE b. IgM c. IgA. d. IgG

Description : This dimeric antibody class often occurs in secretions of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. a. IgE b. IgM c. IgA. d. IgG

Last Answer : c. IgA.