Bromhexine acts by: A. Inhibiting cough centre B. Irritating gastric mucosa and reflexly increasing bronchial secretion C. Depolymerizing mucopolysaccharides present in sputum. D. Desensitizing stretch receptors in the lungs

Bromhexine acts by: A. Inhibiting cough centre B. Irritating gastric mucosa and reflexly increasing bronchial secretion C. Depolymerizing mucopolysaccharides present in sputum. D. Desensitizing stretch receptors in the lungs
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C. Depolymerizing mucopolysaccharides present in sputum.
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Bromhexine acts by (a) Inhibiting cough center (b) Irritating gastric mucosa and reflexly increasing bronchial secretion (c) Depolymerizing mucopolysaccharides present (d) Desensitizing stretch receptors in the lungs

Description : Bromhexine acts by (a) Inhibiting cough center (b) Irritating gastric mucosa and reflexly increasing bronchial secretion (c) Depolymerizing mucopolysaccharides present (d) Desensitizing stretch receptors in the lungs

Last Answer : Ans: C

The following expectorant acts both directly on the airway mucosa as well as reflexly: A. Potassium iodide B. Guaiphenesin C. Terpin hydrate D. Bromhexine

Description : The following expectorant acts both directly on the airway mucosa as well as reflexly: A. Potassium iodide B. Guaiphenesin C. Terpin hydrate D. Bromhexine

Last Answer : A. Potassium iodide

Antitussives act by: A. Liquifying bronchial secretions B. Raising the threshold of cough centre C. Reducing cough inducing impulses from the lungs D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

Description : Antitussives act by: A. Liquifying bronchial secretions B. Raising the threshold of cough centre C. Reducing cough inducing impulses from the lungs D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

Last Answer : D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

Which of the following expectorants acts both directly on the airway mucosa as well as reflexly ? (a) Potassium iodide (b) Guaiphenesin (c) Terpin hydrate (d) Bromhexine

Description : Which of the following expectorants acts both directly on the airway mucosa as well as reflexly ? (a) Potassium iodide (b) Guaiphenesin (c) Terpin hydrate (d) Bromhexine

Last Answer : Ans: A

Mucokinetic is a drug which: A. Reduces airway mucus secretion B. Increases airway mucus secretion C. Makes respiratory secretions more watery D. Stimulates mucociliary activity of bronchial epithelium

Description : Mucokinetic is a drug which: A. Reduces airway mucus secretion B. Increases airway mucus secretion C. Makes respiratory secretions more watery D. Stimulates mucociliary activity of bronchial epithelium

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Which of the following ingredients has neither specific antitussive nor expectorant nor bronchodilator action, but is commonly present in proprietary cough formulations: A. Ambroxol B. Chlorpheniramine C. Guaiphenesin D. Noscapine

Description : Which of the following ingredients has neither specific antitussive nor expectorant nor bronchodilator action, but is commonly present in proprietary cough formulations: A. Ambroxol B. Chlorpheniramine C. Guaiphenesin D. Noscapine

Last Answer : B. Chlorpheniramine

In comparison to inhaled β 2 adrenergic agonists, the inhaled anticholinergics: A. Are more effective in bronchial asthma B. Are better suited for control of an acute attack of asthma C. Produce slower response in bronchial asthma D. Produce little benefit in chronic obstructive lung disease

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Last Answer : D. Both 'A' and 'B'

Inhaled salbutamol is useful in bronchial asthma for: A. Aborting/terminating asthma attacks B. Round the clock prophylaxis of asthma C. Status asthmaticus D. All of the above

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Last Answer : A. Aborting/terminating asthma attacks

Bronchodilators are useful in cough: A. Only when cough is nonproductive B. Only when cough is associated with thick sticky secretions C. Only when reflex bronchoconstriction is associated D. Irrespective of nature of cough or associated features

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Last Answer : C. Only when reflex bronchoconstriction is associated

Antitussives act by (a) Liquifying bronchial secretions (b) Raising the threshold of cough centre (c) Reducing cough inducing impulses from the lungs (d) Both (b) and (c)

Description : Antitussives act by (a) Liquifying bronchial secretions (b) Raising the threshold of cough centre (c) Reducing cough inducing impulses from the lungs (d) Both (b) and (c)

Last Answer : Ans: D

The following antitussive is present in opium but has no analgesic or addicting properties: A. Noscapine B. Codeine C. Pholcodeine D. Ethylmorphine

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Last Answer : A. Noscapine

Which of the following body substances causes increased gastric secretion, dilation of capillaries, and constriction of the bronchial smooth muscle? a) Histamine When cells are damaged, histamine is released.

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Inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate should be used only in: A. Acute attack of asthma B. Moderate to severe chronic asthma C. Status asthmaticus D. Asthma not responding to systemic corti- costeroids

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Last Answer : B. Moderate to severe chronic asthma

Intranasal spray of budesonide is indicated in: A. Common cold B. Acute sinusitis C. Perennial vasomotor rhinitis D. Epistaxis

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Last Answer : C. Perennial vasomotor rhinitis

Systemic corticosteroids are indicated in the following conditions except: A. Mild episodic asthma B. Severe chronic asthma C. Status asthmaticus D. To prevent neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

Description : Systemic corticosteroids are indicated in the following conditions except: A. Mild episodic asthma B. Severe chronic asthma C. Status asthmaticus D. To prevent neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

Last Answer : A. Mild episodic asthma

Select the antiasthma drug which cannot be administered by inhalation: A. Theophylline B. Ipratropium bromide C. Budesonide D. Terbutaline

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Last Answer : A. Theophylline

Which of the following drugs inhibits theophylline metabolism and raises its plasma concentration: A. Phenytoin B. Ciprofloxacin C. Levofloxacin D. Rifampicin

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Last Answer : B. Ciprofloxacin

Caffeine is more powerful than theophylline in exerting the following action: A. Bronchodilatation B. Cardiac stimulation C. Diuresis D. Augmentation of skeletal muscl contractility

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Last Answer : D. Augmentation of skeletal muscl contractility

Which of the following β 2 agonist bronchodilators is given by inhalation, and is suitable for both terminating asthma attacks as well as for twice daily prophylaxis: A. Terbutaline B. Bambuterol C. Salmeterol D. Formoterol

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Select the correct statement about salmeterol: A. It is a long acting selective β2 agonist bronchodilator B. It is a bronchodilator with anti-inflammatory property C. It is a β blocker that can be safely given to asthmatics D. It is an antihistaminic with mast cell stabilizing property

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Which of the following is not an antitussive: A. Oxeladin B. Clophedianol C. Dextropropoxyphene D. Dextromethorphan

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Dextromethorphan is an: A. Analgesic B. Antitussive C. Expectorant D. Antihistaminic

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Codeine is used clinically as: A. Analgesic B. Antitussive C. Antidiarrhoeal D. All of the above

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Last Answer : D. All of the above

Which of the following will result from blockade of H2 receptors? (a) Decreased camp in cardiac muscle (b) Increased camp in cardiac muscle (c) Decreased IP3 in gastric mucosa (d) Increased IP3 in gastric mucosa (e) Increased IP3 in smooth muscle

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Last Answer : Ans: A

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Last Answer : C. Acetylcholine and gastrin act partly by releasing histamine in gastric mucosa

All of the following statements about cholecystokinin pancreozymin are true except (A) It is secreted by mucosa of small intestine (B) It stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice rich in enzymes (C) It stimulates contraction of gall bladder (D) It inhibits gastric motility

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Last Answer : Answer : D

What will happen if the secretion of parietal cells of gastric glands is blocked with an inhibitor? (a) In the absence of HCl secretion, inactive pepsinogen is not converted into the active enzyme pepsin. (b) Enterokinase will not be released from the duodenal mucosa and so trypsinogen is not converted to trypsin. (c) Gastric juice will be deficient in chymosin. (d) Gastric juice will be deficient in pepsinogen.

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Last Answer : (a) In the absence of HCl secretion, inactive pepsinogen is not converted into the active enzyme pepsin.

Sucralfate promotes healing of duodenal ulcer by: A. Enhancing gastric mucus and bicarbonate secretion B. Coating the ulcer and preventing the action of acid-pepsin on ulcer base C. Promoting regeneration of mucosa D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

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Last Answer : B. Coating the ulcer and preventing the action of acid-pepsin on ulcer base

Choose the antiulcer drug that inhibits gastric acid secretion, stimulates gastric mucus and bicarbonate secretion and has cytoprotective action on gastric mucosa: A. Misoprostol B. Sucralfate C. Carbenoxolone sodium D. Colloidal bismuth subcitrate

Description : Choose the antiulcer drug that inhibits gastric acid secretion, stimulates gastric mucus and bicarbonate secretion and has cytoprotective action on gastric mucosa: A. Misoprostol B. Sucralfate C. Carbenoxolone sodium D. Colloidal bismuth subcitrate

Last Answer : A. Misoprostol

The primary mechanism by which prostaglandins promote ulcer healing is: A. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion B. Augmentation of bicarbonate buffered mucus layer covering gastroduodenal mucosa C. Increased bicarbonate secretion in gastric juice D. Increased turnover of gastric mucosal cell

Description : The primary mechanism by which prostaglandins promote ulcer healing is: A. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion B. Augmentation of bicarbonate buffered mucus layer covering gastroduodenal mucosa C. Increased bicarbonate secretion in gastric juice D. Increased turnover of gastric mucosal cell

Last Answer : B. Augmentation of bicarbonate buffered mucus layer covering gastroduodenal mucosa

Adrenaline is inactive orally because it is: A. Not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract B. Destroyed by gastric acid C. Completely metabolized in the intestinal mucosa and liver before reaching systemic circulation D. Taken up by adrenergic nerve endings of the intestinal wall, liver and lungs

Description : Adrenaline is inactive orally because it is: A. Not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract B. Destroyed by gastric acid C. Completely metabolized in the intestinal mucosa and liver before reaching systemic circulation D. Taken up by adrenergic nerve endings of the intestinal wall, liver and lungs

Last Answer : C. Completely metabolized in the intestinal mucosa and liver before reaching systemic circulation

Adrenaline is inactive orally because it is: A. Not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract B. Destroyed by gastric acid C. Completely metabolized in the intestinal mucosa and liver before reaching systemic circulation D. Taken up by adrenergic nerve endings of the intestinal wall, liver and lungs

Description : Adrenaline is inactive orally because it is: A. Not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract B. Destroyed by gastric acid C. Completely metabolized in the intestinal mucosa and liver before reaching systemic circulation D. Taken up by adrenergic nerve endings of the intestinal wall, liver and lungs

Last Answer : C. Completely metabolized in the intestinal mucosa and liver before reaching systemic circulation

Methyldopa lowers BP by: A. Inhibiting dopa decarboxylase in adrenergic nerve endings B. Generating α-methyl noradrenaline in brain which reduces sympathetic tone C. Generating α-methyl noradrenaline which acts as a false transmitter in peripheral adrenergic nerve endings D. Activating vascular dopamine receptors

Description : Methyldopa lowers BP by: A. Inhibiting dopa decarboxylase in adrenergic nerve endings B. Generating α-methyl noradrenaline in brain which reduces sympathetic tone C. Generating α-methyl ... as a false transmitter in peripheral adrenergic nerve endings D. Activating vascular dopamine receptors

Last Answer : B. Generating α-methyl noradrenaline in brain which reduces sympathetic tone

The following are true: a. heroin causes miosis by increasing the release of acetylcholine. b. botulinum toxin causes mydriasis by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine c. phenylephrine causes mydriasis by stimulating the alpha receptors d. amphetamine causes mydriasis by inhibiting noradrenaline reuptake

Description : The following are true: a. heroin causes miosis by increasing the release of acetylcholine. b. botulinum toxin causes mydriasis by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine c. ... mydriasis by stimulating the alpha receptors d. amphetamine causes mydriasis by inhibiting noradrenaline reuptake

Last Answer : phenylephrine causes mydriasis by stimulating the alpha receptors

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Description : Excessive secretion of glucocorticoids raises blood glucose by (A) Decreasing glycogenesis (B) Increasing glycogenolysis (C) Increasing gluconeogenesis (D) Inhibiting HMP shunt

Last Answer : Answer : C

A high school student presents with headache, fever, and cough of 2 day’s duration. Sputum is scant and nonpurulent and a Gram stain reveals many white cells but no organisms. Since this patient appears to have atypical pneumonia. You should initiate treatment with (a) Cefazolin (b) Clindamycin (c) Erythromycin (d) Gentamicin (e) Trovafloxacin

Description : A high school student presents with headache, fever, and cough of 2 day's duration. Sputum is scant and nonpurulent and a Gram stain reveals many white cells but no organisms. Since this ... initiate treatment with (a) Cefazolin (b) Clindamycin (c) Erythromycin (d) Gentamicin (e) Trovafloxacin

Last Answer : Ans: C

Emphysema is described as: a) A disease of the airways characterized by destruction of the walls of overdistended alveoli. Emphysema is a category of COPD. b) A disease that results in a common clinical outcome of reversible airflow obstruction. Asthma is the disease described. c) The presence of cough and sputum production for at least a combined total of two or three months in each of two consecutive years. Bronchitis is the disease described. d) Chronic dilatation of a bronchus or bronchi Bronchiectasis is the condition described.

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Last Answer : a) A disease of the airways characterized by destruction of the walls of overdistended alveoli. Emphysema is a category of COPD.

Choose the drug which blocks basal as well as stimulated gastric acid secretion without affecting cholinergic, histaminergic or gastrin receptors: A. Famotidine B. Loxatidine C. Omeprazole D. Pirenzepine

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Last Answer : C. Omeprazole

The following is true of loperamide except: A. It is absorbed from intestines and exerts centrally mediated antidiarrhoeal action B. It acts on the opioid receptors in the gut C. It increases tone and segmenting activity of the intestines D. It inhibits intestinal secretion by binding to calmodulin in the mucosal cells

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Last Answer : A. It is absorbed from intestines and exerts centrally mediated antidiarrhoeal action

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Last Answer : D. Lowering circulating as well as prostatic dihydrotestosterone concentration

Which of the following adverse drug reactions would you report to the Medicines and Healthcare Products regulatory Agency (MHRA) via the yellow card system for reporting? a) A patient reports a skin rash after starting a course on amoxicillin capsules. b) A patient reports experiencing dyspepsia when they take their indomethacin capsules. c) A patient complains of a dry irritating cough since they have started taking ramipril. d) A patient complains they have experienced diarrhoea since taking azilsartan.

Description : Which of the following adverse drug reactions would you report to the Medicines and Healthcare Products regulatory Agency (MHRA) via the yellow card system for reporting? a) A patient ... started taking ramipril. d) A patient complains they have experienced diarrhoea since taking azilsartan.

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Last Answer : D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct

The nurse teaches the patient with peripheral vascular disease to refrain from smoking because nicotine causes a) vasospasm. Nicotine causes vasospasm and can thereby dramatically reduce circulation to the extremities. b) slowed heart rate. Nicotine has stimulant effects. c) depression of the cough reflex. Nicotine does not suppress cough. Smoking irritates the bronchial tree, causing coughing. d) diuresis. Nicotine does not cause diuresis.

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Last Answer : a) vasospasm. Nicotine causes vasospasm and can thereby dramatically reduce circulation to the extremities.

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