The chemistry of corrosion of iron is essentially an electrochemical phenomenon. Explain the reactions occurring during the corrosion of iron in the atmosphere. -Chemistry

The chemistry of corrosion of iron is essentially an electrochemical phenomenon. Explain the reactions occurring during the corrosion of iron in the atmosphere. -Chemistry
by

1 Answer

Answer :

The mechanism of corrosion is explained on the basis of electrochemical theory. By taking example of rusting of iron, we Refer tothe formation of small electrochemical cells on the surface of iron. The redox reaction involves At anode : Fe(S) → Fe2+ (aq) + 2e– At cathode : H2O + CO2 ⇌ H2CO3 (Carbonic acid) H2CO3 ⇌2H+ + CO22- H2O ⇌ H+ + OH– H+ + e– → H 4H + O2 → 2H2O Then net resultant Redox reaction is 2Fe(s) + O2 (g) + 4H+ → 2Fe2+ + 2H2O
by

Related questions

Two half-reactions of an electrochemical cell are given below : MnO–4 (aq) + 8H+ (aq) + 5e– → Mn2+ (aq) + 4H2O (I), E° = 1.51 V Sn2+ (aq) → Sn4+ (aq) + 2e–, E° = + 0.15 V. Construct the redox equation from the standard potential of the cell and predict if the reaction is reactant favoured or product favoured. -Chemistry

Description : Two half-reactions of an electrochemical cell are given below : MnO-4 (aq) + 8H+ (aq) + 5e- → Mn2+ (aq) + 4H2O (I), E° = 1.51 V Sn2+ (aq) → Sn4+ (aq) + 2e- ... the redox equation from the standard potential of the cell and predict if the reaction is reactant favoured or product favoured. -Chemistry

Last Answer : The reactions can be represented at anode and at cathode in the following ways : At anode (oxidation) : Sn2+ → = Sn4+ (aq) + 2e- ] 5 E° = + 0.15 V At cathode (reduction) : MnO-4(aq) + 8H+ ... = E°cathode - E°anode = 1.51 - 0.15 = + 1.36 V ∴ Positive value of E°cell favours formation of product.

Two half-reactions of an electrochemical cell are given below : MnO–4 (aq) + 8H+ (aq) + 5e– → Mn2+ (aq) + 4H2O (I), E° = 1.51 V Sn2+ (aq) → Sn4+ (aq) + 2e–, E° = + 0.15 V. Construct the redox reaction equation from the two half-reactions and calculate the cell potential from the standard potentials and predict if the reaction is reactant or product favoured. -Chemistry

Description : Two half-reactions of an electrochemical cell are given below : MnO-4 (aq) + 8H+ (aq) + 5e- → Mn2+ (aq) + 4H2O (I), E° = 1.51 V Sn2+ (aq) → Sn4+ (aq) + ... -reactions and calculate the cell potential from the standard potentials and predict if the reaction is reactant or product favoured. -Chemistry

Last Answer : The reactions can be represented at anode and at cathode in the following ways : At anode (oxidation) : Sn2+ → Sn4+ (aq) + 2e- ] 5 E° = + 0.15 V Af cathode (reduction) : MnO-4(aq) + 8H+ ( ... = E°cathode - E°anode = 1.51 - 0.15 = + 1.36 V ∴ Positive value of E°cell favours formation of product.

Though tin occurs lower than iron in the electrochemical series, yet it is coated on steel for corrosion protection, because of its (A) Lower cost (B) Abundant availability (C) Resistance to vegetable acids as the tin plate are commercially used in 'canning' industry (D) None of these

Description : Though tin occurs lower than iron in the electrochemical series, yet it is coated on steel for corrosion protection, because of its (A) Lower cost (B) Abundant availability (C) Resistance to vegetable acids as the tin plate are commercially used in 'canning' industry (D) None of these

Last Answer : (C) Resistance to vegetable acids as the tin plate are commercially used in 'canning' industry

The deterioration of a metal by an electrochemical process is commonly termed as – (1) Erosion (2) Corrosion (3) Passivation (4) Abrasion

Description : The deterioration of a metal by an electrochemical process is commonly termed as – (1) Erosion (2) Corrosion (3) Passivation (4) Abrasion

Last Answer : (2) Corrosion Explanation: Corrosion can be defined as the deterioration of materials by chemical processes.

The deterioration of a metal by an electrochemical process is commonly termed as (1) Erosion (2) Corrosion (3) Passivation (4) Abrasion

Description : The deterioration of a metal by an electrochemical process is commonly termed as (1) Erosion (2) Corrosion (3) Passivation (4) Abrasion

Last Answer : Corrosion

Name any four factors affecting electrochemical corrosion.

Description : Name any four factors affecting electrochemical corrosion.

Last Answer : A) Nature of metal:  1) Position of metal in a galvanic series: A metal having higher position in a galvanic series has more chemical reactivity and therefore, it gets attacked by gaseous and ... as a conducting medium and promotes corrosion. e.g:- Rusting of Fe is promoted in humid atmosphere.

Corrosion involves exchange of electrons in __________ corrosion. (A) Chemical (B) Electrochemical (C) Both (A) & (B) (D) Neither (A) nor (B)

Description : Corrosion involves exchange of electrons in __________ corrosion. (A) Chemical (B) Electrochemical (C) Both (A) & (B) (D) Neither (A) nor (B)

Last Answer : (C) Both (A) & (B)

Electrochemical corrosion can occur, only if __________ is present in contact with metal. (A) Air (B) Oxygen (C) Liquid medium (D) Gaseous medium

Description : Electrochemical corrosion can occur, only if __________ is present in contact with metal. (A) Air (B) Oxygen (C) Liquid medium (D) Gaseous medium

Last Answer : (C) Liquid medium

Define electrochemical corrosion.

Description : Define electrochemical corrosion.

Last Answer : Electrochemical corrosion:- The corrosion which is brought about through ionic reactions in the presence of moisture or solution as a conducting medium when two dissimilar metals are in contact with each other is called electro chemical corrosion. 

Which one of the following statements is not correct? A Since voltage depends on concentrations, using standard conditions makes it easier to compare different electrochemical reactions. B We have to measure the cell potential to obtain the difference in potential energy because the potential of half-reactions cannot be measured directly. C The direction of a redox reaction can only be determined experimentally. D Half-cell potentials for half-reactions are determined by combining the relevant half-cell with a standardised half-cell.

Description : Which one of the following statements is not correct? A Since voltage depends on concentrations, using standard conditions makes it easier to compare different electrochemical reactions. B We have ... half-reactions are determined by combining the relevant half-cell with a standardised half-cell.

Last Answer : C The direction of a redox reaction can only be determined experimentally. 

The phenomenon occurring during explosion of a hydrogen bomb is (A) Nuclear fission (B) Nuclear fusion (C) A combination of both nuclear fission & fusion (D) None of these

Description : The phenomenon occurring during explosion of a hydrogen bomb is (A) Nuclear fission (B) Nuclear fusion (C) A combination of both nuclear fission & fusion (D) None of these

Last Answer : C) A combination of both nuclear fission & fusion

Write chemical equation reactions taking place when carried out with the help of (a) Iron reacts with steam (b) Magnesium reacts with dil HCl (c) Copper is heated in air. -Chemistry

Description : Write chemical equation reactions taking place when carried out with the help of (a) Iron reacts with steam (b) Magnesium reacts with dil HCl (c) Copper is heated in air. -Chemistry

Last Answer : This is the Answer.

Enzymes are organic catalysts used in the __________ reactions. (A) Chemical (B) Biochemical (C) Photochemical (D) Electrochemical

Description : Enzymes are organic catalysts used in the __________ reactions. (A) Chemical (B) Biochemical (C) Photochemical (D) Electrochemical

Last Answer : (B) Biochemical

The phenomenon during which the boiler material becomes brittle due to accumulation of caustic substances is known as ___________ a) Foaming b) Priming c) Corrosion d) Caustic embrittlement

Description : The phenomenon during which the boiler material becomes brittle due to accumulation of caustic substances is known as ___________ a) Foaming b) Priming c) Corrosion d) Caustic embrittlement

Last Answer : d) Caustic embrittlement

The rusting of iron is a/an - (1) physical change (2) electrochemical change (3) electrical change (4) None of the above

Description : The rusting of iron is a/an - (1) physical change (2) electrochemical change (3) electrical change (4) None of the above

Last Answer : (2) electrochemical change Explanation: When iron is exposed to air and moisture, its surface gradually corroded and converted into a brown mass. The rusting of iron is due to the formation of hydrated ion. Rusting is an electro-chemical process.

The rusting of iron is a/an (1) physical change (2) electrochemical change (3) electrical change (4) None of the above

Description : The rusting of iron is a/an (1) physical change (2) electrochemical change (3) electrical change (4) None of the above

Last Answer : electrochemical change

(a) What are fuel cells? Explain the electrode reactions involved in the working of H2 – O2 fuel cell. (b) Represent the galvanic cell in which the reaction Zn (s) + Cu2+ (aq) → Zn2+ (aq) + Cu (s) takes place. -Chemistry

Description : (a) What are fuel cells? Explain the electrode reactions involved in the working of H2 – O2 fuel cell. (b) Represent the galvanic cell in which the reaction Zn (s) + Cu2+ (aq) → Zn2+ (aq) + Cu (s) takes place. -Chemistry

Last Answer : (a) Fuel cells : These cells are the devices which convert the energy produced during combustion of fuels like H2, CH4, etc. directly into electrical energy. The electrode reaction for H2 – O2 fuel cell : (b) The galvanic cell may be represented as Zn (s) | Zn2+ (1M) || Cu2+ (1M) | Cu (s)

Corrosion is (A) A physical phenomenon (B) A chemical phenomenon (C) Same as erosion (D) An uncontrollable phenomenon

Description : Corrosion is (A) A physical phenomenon (B) A chemical phenomenon (C) Same as erosion (D) An uncontrollable phenomenon

Last Answer : Option B

What phenomenon will result if the glass fiber is exposed to long periods of high humidity? ∙ A. stress fatigue ∙ B. core corrosion ∙ C. stress corrosion ∙ D. cladding corrosion

Description : What phenomenon will result if the glass fiber is exposed to long periods of high humidity? ∙ A. stress fatigue ∙ B. core corrosion ∙ C. stress corrosion ∙ D. cladding corrosion

Last Answer : stress corrosion

In fermentation reactions occurring in yeast, two products of metabolism are ______ and ______. a. Acid; Hydrogen Gas b. Hydrogen Gas; Sucrose c. Ethyl Alcohol; Methane d. Carbon Dioxide; Ethyl Alcohol

Description : In fermentation reactions occurring in yeast, two products of metabolism are ______ and ______. a. Acid; Hydrogen Gas b. Hydrogen Gas; Sucrose c. Ethyl Alcohol; Methane d. Carbon Dioxide; Ethyl Alcohol

Last Answer : a. Acid; Hydrogen Gas

During electrolysis of aqeous solution of NaCl, there are two type of anions are present Cl- and –OH, Cl- is discharged first than –OH,although it is present below Cl- in electrochemical series. Give reason.

Description : During electrolysis of aqeous solution of NaCl, there are two type of anions are present Cl- and –OH, Cl- is discharged first than –OH,although it is present below Cl- in electrochemical series. Give reason.

Last Answer : Ans: During this electrolysis process Chloride ions come from NaCl, which is a strong electrolyte and ionize to large extent so concentration of chloride ions in solution will be high. ... chloride ions it is first discharged despite of its presence above than hydroxyl in electrochemical series.

Pick out the correct statement. (A) Stainless steel is nothing but chromium coated steel (B) Hardening of a soft metal can be done by alloying it with another metal or non-metal (C) Plastic deformation of a material is its temporary distortion under the action of applied stress (D) Rusting of iron is not electrochemical in nature

Description : Pick out the correct statement. (A) Stainless steel is nothing but chromium coated steel (B) Hardening of a soft metal can be done by alloying it with another metal or non-metal (C) ... its temporary distortion under the action of applied stress (D) Rusting of iron is not electrochemical in nature

Last Answer : (B) Hardening of a soft metal can be done by alloying it with another metal or non-metal

Using the electrochemical series, how can I explain why manufacturers coat steel nails with zinc rather than copper?

Description : Using the electrochemical series, how can I explain why manufacturers coat steel nails with zinc rather than copper?

Last Answer : Because the use of zinc is…......... Nah you do the work , or its called cheating :P

Indicate the false statement. A. Industrial noise is usually of the impulse type B. Static is caused by lightning discharges in thunderstorms and other natural electric disturbances occurring in the atmosphere C. Distant stars are another source of man-made noise D. Flourescent lights are another source of man-made noise

Description : Indicate the false statement. A. Industrial noise is usually of the impulse type B. Static is caused by lightning discharges in thunderstorms and other natural electric disturbances occurring in the ... another source of man-made noise D. Flourescent lights are another source of man-made noise

Last Answer : C. Distant stars are another source of man-made noise

(a) Write the essential condition for the following reaction to take place: 2AgBr—-> 2Ag + Br2 Write one application of this reaction. (b) Complete the following chemical equation of a chemical reaction 2FeS04 — chemical-reactions-and-equations-chapter-wise-important-questions-class-10-science-5 (c) What happens when water is added to quick line. Write chemical equation. -Chemistry

Description : (a) Write the essential condition for the following reaction to take place: 2AgBr--> 2Ag + Br2 Write one application of this reaction. (b) Complete the following chemical equation of a chemical ... science-5 (c) What happens when water is added to quick line. Write chemical equation. -Chemistry

Last Answer : Answer. This reaction is used in photography. (c) Slaked lime is formed with hissing sound and lot of heat is envolved.

State the type of chemical reactions and chemical equations that take place in the following: (i) Magnesium wire is burnt in air. (ii) Electric current is passed through water. (iii) Ammonia and hydrogen chloride gases’are mixed. -Chemistry

Description : State the type of chemical reactions and chemical equations that take place in the following: (i) Magnesium wire is burnt in air. (ii) Electric current is passed through water. (iii) Ammonia and hydrogen chloride gases’are mixed. -Chemistry

Last Answer : This is the Answer:

Write balanced chemical equations for the following reactions: (a) Dilute sulphuric acid reacts with aluminium powder. (b) Dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium carbonate. (c) Carbon dioxide is passed through lime water. -Chemistry

Description : Write balanced chemical equations for the following reactions: (a) Dilute sulphuric acid reacts with aluminium powder. (b) Dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium carbonate. (c) Carbon dioxide is passed through lime water. -Chemistry

Last Answer : i hope it helped you

Example of redox reactions can be observed in following processes – (a) Corrosion(b) Photosynthesis (c) Respiration (d) All of above

Description : Example of redox reactions can be observed in following processes – (a) Corrosion(b) Photosynthesis (c) Respiration (d) All of above

Last Answer : (d) All of above

Multiple resistance is the phenomenon in which a weed is resistant to two or more herbicides having a). same mechanisms of action b). different mechanisms of action c). same chemistry d). different chemistry

Description : Multiple resistance is the phenomenon in which a weed is resistant to two or more herbicides having a). same mechanisms of action b). different mechanisms of action c). same chemistry d). different chemistry

Last Answer : b). different mechanisms of action

The process of covering water pipes made of Iron with Zinc layer to prevent corrosion is called – (1) Zinc plating (2) Alloy formation (3) Vulcanization (4) Galvanization

Description : The process of covering water pipes made of Iron with Zinc layer to prevent corrosion is called – (1) Zinc plating (2) Alloy formation (3) Vulcanization (4) Galvanization

Last Answer : (4) Galvanization Explanation: Galvanization is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron, in order to prevent rusting.

Iron is prevented from rusting by coating with zinc. This process is called as – (1) Galvanisation (2) Corrosion (3) Sublimation (4) Reduction

Description : Iron is prevented from rusting by coating with zinc. This process is called as – (1) Galvanisation (2) Corrosion (3) Sublimation (4) Reduction

Last Answer : (1) Galvanisation Explanation: Galvanization is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron, in order to prevent rusting. The term is derived from the name of Italian scientist Luigi ... is hot-dip galvanization, in which steel parts are sub-merged in a bath of molten zinc.

Rusting of iron takes place due to – (1) oxidation (2) carbonation (3) exfoliation (4) corrosion

Description : Rusting of iron takes place due to – (1) oxidation (2) carbonation (3) exfoliation (4) corrosion

Last Answer : (1) oxidation Explanation: The rusting of iron is an electrochemical process that begins with the transfer of electrons from iron to oxygen. The rate of corrosion is affected by water and accelerated by ... iron is in contact with water, oxygen, or other strong oxidants, or acids, it rusts.

Iron is prevented from rusting by coating with zinc. This process is called as (1) Galvanisation (2) Corrosion (3) Sublimation (4) Reduction

Description : Iron is prevented from rusting by coating with zinc. This process is called as (1) Galvanisation (2) Corrosion (3) Sublimation (4) Reduction

Last Answer : Galvanisation

The process of covering water pipes made of Iron with Zinc layer to prevent corrosion is called : (1) Zinc plating (2) Alloy formation (3) Vulcanization (4) Galvanization

Description : The process of covering water pipes made of Iron with Zinc layer to prevent corrosion is called : (1) Zinc plating (2) Alloy formation (3) Vulcanization (4) Galvanization

Last Answer : Galvanization

Which metal does not undergo corrosion due to the formation of oxide layer? (1) Copper (2) Iron (3) Aluminium (4) Zinc

Description : Which metal does not undergo corrosion due to the formation of oxide layer? (1) Copper (2) Iron (3) Aluminium (4) Zinc

Last Answer : Aluminium

Rusting of iron takes place due to (1) oxidation (2) carbonation (3) exfoliation (4) corrosion

Description : Rusting of iron takes place due to (1) oxidation (2) carbonation (3) exfoliation (4) corrosion 

Last Answer : oxidation

What is Electrochemical Equivalence ?

Description : What is Electrochemical Equivalence ?

Last Answer : One ampere conducts an electric current for one second, that is , one coulomb conducts an electric current.

What is Electrochemical Cell ?

Description : What is Electrochemical Cell ?

Last Answer : Electrochemical cell is a type of cell through which electricity can be generated from chemical energy.

n electrochemical cell which is used as a source of direct electrical current at constant voltage under standard conditions is called a – (1) Power transmittor (2) Battery (3) Uninterrupted power supply (UPS) (4) Generator

Description : n electrochemical cell which is used as a source of direct electrical current at constant voltage under standard conditions is called a – (1) Power transmittor (2) Battery (3) Uninterrupted power supply (UPS) (4) Generator

Last Answer : (3) Uninterrupted power supply (UPS) Explanation: A Galvanic cell, also known as battery, is an electro-chemical cell that derives electrical energy from spontaneous redox reactions taking place within ... produce direct current. A battery is a set of galvanic cells that are connected in parallel.

What would happen if salt bridge is not used in electrochemical cell ?

Description : What would happen if salt bridge is not used in electrochemical cell ?

Last Answer : Ans. :- The cell works for short time .After that electrons stop flowing from anode to cathode due to accumulation of +ve ions at anode and no reduction will occur at cathode . The result is that current stops flowing and cell will not work .

What is meant by Electrochemical cell . Why is it called as galvanic cell and Voltaic cell ?

Description : What is meant by Electrochemical cell . Why is it called as galvanic cell and Voltaic cell ?

Last Answer : Ans. :- The cell which converts chemical energy into electrical energy . It is called as galvanic cell and Voltaic cell after the name of scientists who first tried to convert chemical energy into electrical energy .

What is the principle of electrochemical cell ?

Description : What is the principle of electrochemical cell ?

Last Answer : Ans .:- The cell works on the principle of redox reactions . One of the reactant undergoes oxidation while another undergoes reduction

Copper and Silver lie below in the electrochemical series and yet they are found in the combined state as sulphide in nature.Comment.

Description : Copper and Silver lie below in the electrochemical series and yet they are found in the combined state as sulphide in nature.Comment.

Last Answer : Ans. : Due to high polarizing power of Cu and Ag ions, their sulphides are even more stable than the metals. 

Why cation present below in electrochemical series can discharge before the elements present above them in an electrochemical cell?

Description : Why cation present below in electrochemical series can discharge before the elements present above them in an electrochemical cell?

Last Answer : Ans: This is because their ability to be reduced (reduction potential) is more than the cation present above them in electrochemical series. So they take electrons before the other cations and get discharged.

What is the purpose of the salt bridge in an electrochemical cell? w) It allows ion migration. x) It allows electron flow. y) It prevents ion migration. z) It prevents electron flow.

Description : What is the purpose of the salt bridge in an electrochemical cell? w) It allows ion migration. x) It allows electron flow. y) It prevents ion migration. z) It prevents electron flow.

Last Answer : ANSWER: W -- IT ALLOWS ION MIGRATION

An electrochemical cell which is used as a source of direct electrical current at constant voltage under standard conditions is called a : (1) Power transmittor (2) Battery (3) Uninterrupted power supply (UPS) (4) Generator

Description : An electrochemical cell which is used as a source of direct electrical current at constant voltage under standard conditions is called a : (1) Power transmittor (2) Battery (3) Uninterrupted power supply (UPS) (4) Generator

Last Answer : Battery

Which of the following statements is not true about diamonds? (a) It is the purest form of carbon (b) It is the hardest naturally occurring substance (c) It is a good conductor of electricity (d) Artificial diamonds can be prepared by subjecting a solution of pure carbon in iron to very high pressures and temperatures

Description : Which of the following statements is not true about diamonds? (a) It is the purest form of carbon (b) It is the hardest naturally occurring substance (c) It is a good conductor of ... diamonds can be prepared by subjecting a solution of pure carbon in iron to very high pressures and temperatures

Last Answer : Ans:(c)

Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances which are reduced in the following reactions. (i) 4Na(s) + O2(g) → 2Na2O(s) (ii) CuO (s) + H2(g) → Cu (s) + H2O(l) -Chemistry-10

Description : Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances which are reduced in the following reactions. (i) 4Na(s) + O2(g) → 2Na2O(s) (ii) CuO (s) + H2(g) → Cu (s) + H2O(l) -Chemistry-10

Last Answer : (i) Substances oxidised is Na as it gains oxygen and oxygen is reduced. (ii) Substances reduced is Cu as hydrogen is oxidised as it gains oxygen.

Write a balanced chemical equation with state symbols for the following reactions : -Chemistry-10

Description : Write a balanced chemical equation with state symbols for the following reactions : -Chemistry-10

Last Answer : (i) BaCl2 (aq) + Na2SO4 (aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl (aq) (ii) NaOH (aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

Write the balanced equation for the following chemical reactions. (i) Hydrogen + Chlorine → Hydrogen chloride (ii) Barium chloride + Aluminium sulphate → Barium sulphate + Aluminium chloride (iii) Sodium + Water → Sodium hydroxide + Hydrogen -Chemistry-10

Description : Write the balanced equation for the following chemical reactions. (i) Hydrogen + Chlorine → Hydrogen chloride (ii) Barium chloride + Aluminium sulphate → Barium sulphate + Aluminium chloride (iii) Sodium + Water → Sodium hydroxide + Hydrogen -Chemistry-10

Last Answer : (i) H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl (ii) 3 BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 → BaSO4 + 2 AlCl3 (iii) 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2↑