(i) It created new economic and political problems. The war had led to huge expenditure which was financed by heavy loans and increase in taxes. Customs duties were raised and income tax was introduced. (ii) The prices had doubled between 1913 and 1918 and the common people underwent great hardships. (iii) Crops had failed between 1918-19 and 1920- 21 leading to famine and disease. There were epidemics killing between 12-13 million people (Census, 1921). (iv) People’s hope that the end of war would bring an end to their goals were believed, and this led to their support to the national movement. (v) The Muslims were antagonised by the British illtreatment of the Khalifa, after the First World War. (vi) Indian villagers were also incensed by the British Government’s forced recruitment of men in the army. (vii) The Congress and other parties were angry with the British for not consulting them before making India a party on their side against Germany. (viii) Taking advantage of the First World War, many revolutionary parties cropped up and they incited the people to join the anti-colonial movement in India (i.e. the National Movement).