What is some good advice for specifying allowable pressure drops in shell and tube exchangers for heavy hydrocarbons?

What is some good advice for specifying allowable pressure drops in shell and tube exchangers for  heavy hydrocarbons?
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Answer :

Frequently process engineers specify 5 or 10 PSI for allowable pressure drop inside heat exchanger  tubing. For heavy liquids that have fouling characteristics, this is usually not enough. There are cases  where the fouling excludes using tabulators and using more than the customary tube pressure drop is  cost effective. This is especially true if there is a relatively higher heat transfer coefficient on the outside  of the tubing. The following example illustrates how Allowable pressure drop can have a big effect on  the surface calculation. A propane chiller was cooling a gas treating liquid that had an average viscosity  Of 7.5 cP. The effect on the calculated surface was as follows: Allowable tube pressure drop Exchanger  surface 5 PSI 4012 Sq. Ft. 25 PSI 2104 Sq. Ft. 50 PSI 1419 Sq. Ft. You can see that using 25-PSI pressure  drop reduced the surface by nearly one-half. This would result in a price reduction for the heat  exchanger of approximately 40%. This savings offset the cost of the pumping power
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Last Answer : (B) Flexibility possible in the baffle arrangement

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Last Answer : (D) Density

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Last Answer : (A) Large temperature differentials

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An oil fired boiler is retrofitted to fire coconut shell chips. Boiler thermal efficiency drops from 82% to 70%. What will be the percentage change in energy consumption to generate the same output a) 12% increase b) 14.6% increase c) 17.1% decrease d) 17.1% increase

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Last Answer : d) 17.1% increase

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When petroleum is refined it is subject to a number of processes including cracking. During the cracking process w) lighter hydrocarbons are combined to form heavier ones x) heavy hydrocarbons are broken up into lighter ones y) lighter hydrocarbons are separated by distillation z) oxygen is used to burn the heavier hydrocarbons

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When specifying a cooling tower, should I look up historic wet bulb temperatures for my area or should I take measurements?

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Last Answer : Answer: Option B

Are some heat transfer services more prone to tube vibration that others for a shell and tube exchanger?

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Last Answer : (B) 0

Fouling factor' used in the design of a multipass shell and tube heat exchanger is a (A) Non-dimensional factor (B) Factor of safety

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. In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the tube side heat transfer co￾efficient just at the entrance of the tube is (A) Infinity (B) Zero (C) Same as average heat transfer co-efficient for tube side (D) None of these

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Last Answer : (A) Infinity

In case of a multipass shell and tube heat exchanger, providing a baffle on the shell side __________ the heat transfer rate. (A) Increases (B) Decreases (C) Does not affect (D) May increase or decrease, depends on the type of baffle

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Last Answer : (A) Increases

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Last Answer : (B) U-tube

If the baffle spacing in a shell and tube heat exchanger increases, then the Reynolds number of the shell side fluid (A) Remains unchanged (B) Increases (C) Increases or decreases depending on number of shell passes (D) Decreases

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In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the height of 25 percent cut baffles is equal to (where, D = inside diameter of shell). (A) 0.25 D (B) 0.50 D (C) 0.75 D

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Steam is to be condensed in a shell and tube heat exchanger, 5 m long with a shell diameter of 1 m. Cooling water is to be used for removing the heat. Heat transfer co-efficient for the cooling water, whether on shell side or tube side is the same. The best arrangement is (A) Vertical heat exchanger with steam on tube side (B) Vertical heat exchanger with steam on shell side (C) Horizontal heat exchanger with steam on tube side (D) Horizontal heat exchanger with steam on shell side

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Last Answer : (B) Vertical heat exchanger with steam on shell side

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Last Answer : (C) Double pipe type with fin on air side

The main function of baffles provided in a shell and tube heat exchanger is to (A) Facilitate the cleaning of outer tube surface (B) Enhance turbulence (C) Hold the tubes in position (D) All 'a', 'b' & 'c'

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Last Answer : (B) Enhance turbulence

Baffles in the shell side of a shell and tube heat exchanger (A) Increase the cross-section of the shell side liquid (B) Force the liquid to flow parallel to the bank (C) Increase the shell side heat transfer co-efficient (D) Decrease the shell side heat transfer co-efficient

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Last Answer : (C) Increase the shell side heat transfer co-efficient

Vibrations in the tubes of a shell and tube heat exchanger is induced due to the (A) Flow of fluid on the tube and shell sides (B) Oscillations in the flow of shell/tube sides fluid (C) Vibrations transmitted through piping and/or supports due to external reasons (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

Description : Vibrations in the tubes of a shell and tube heat exchanger is induced due to the (A) Flow of fluid on the tube and shell sides (B) Oscillations in the flow of shell/tube sides fluid (C) Vibrations ... piping and/or supports due to external reasons (D) All (A), (B) and (C)

Last Answer : (D) All (A), (B) and (C)