answer:I know this doesn’t really answer your question but I want to share a relevant experience: I went to a college where you were not rewarded for turning in cheating students, you were required. It was part of the honour code. Exams were not proctored at my college. If a student was found cheating and you were found to be in the vicinity and someone could merely suggest that you somehow knew/witnessed the cheating (even if you were not cheating yourself), you would be held in violation of the honour code and you’d get a black mark on your record…just like a cheater! The downside to cheating was that if you reported it, you would have to go in front of some BS Academic Integrity “board” (made up of students AND professors) and you’d have to face the person you accused. Yuck! It made me livid. I hated it. I would have rather that all of our exams were proctored like how they are at other schools so we could bypass this nonsense. It made me and my classmates paranoid. I learned to put my head down and do. not. look. around. Do not look up. I just aimed to get done ASAP and get the hell out of the building once I was done with my exam. Did I witness cheating? Yes, by accident. I looked up and I saw it happen a few times. Only once did I turn someone in because seconds after witnessing someone cheat, I made eye contact with a fellow student, and I knew that I had been “caught” witnessing, so that I would get into trouble if I didn’t report it. So I did but I begged the teacher not to take me to the Board because I didn’t want to be named. I was just reporting the cheater so I wouldn’t risk getting into trouble myself. It’s a crappy, awful system. It made me paranoid and afraid. It made me distrust my classmates. I think it’s far better to put up barriers to cheating. Have proctored exams. Make everyone turn off their smartphones and put them on a desk up front. Limit bathroom breaks. Have different versions of the test instead of just one. Make it very difficult to cheat in the first place. Don’t pit students against each other. This was a very uncomfortable part of my college education. Ironically, the “honour code” was touted like some great policy. “Oh it’s great, it allows us to take exams anywhere in the building we want!” Yeah, whatever. I’d rather be proctored than worried about being turned in for NOT being a whistle blower.