Description : Which of the following chemotherapeutic agents may affect the growth of Campylobacter jejuni? A- .Vacomycin B- Polymyxin C- Trimethoprim D- None of these
Last Answer : None of these
Description : By which of the following means antifungal chemotherapeutic agents may affect fungi? A- Interfere with nuclear division by preventing the aggregation of microtubules needed for mitosis B- ... membrane-bound enzymes like thoseinvolved in nutrient transport and chitin synthesis D- all of these
Last Answer : all of these
Description : Antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents have been available to doctors since a. The Civil War. b. The days of the Roman physicians. c. 1965 d. The 1940s.
Last Answer : d. The 1940s.
Description : Two drugs that affect cell wall synthesis are a. Erythromycin and penicillin. b. Vancomycin and cephalosporin. c. Tetracycline and polymyxin b. d. Chloramphenicol and streptomycin.
Last Answer : a. Erythromycin and penicillin.
Description : Bacitracin, Polymyxin and Neomycin are used together for topical skin infections under the name of _____. a. Neosporin b. Vancomycin c. Cephalosporin d. Nystatin.
Last Answer : a. Neosporin
Description : The mode of action of polymyxin is to A- inhibit protein synthesis B- inhibit DNA synthesis C- injury to the plasma membrane D- inhibit folic acid synthesis
Last Answer : injury to the plasma membrane
Description : _____ is when an antimicrobial drug should harm the infectious agent but not the host. a. Selective toxicity b. Toxic dose c. Therapeutic dose d. Chemotherapeutic index
Last Answer : a. Selective toxicity
Description : The concentration of an antibiotic causing harm to the host is called a. Toxic dosage Level. b. Therapeutic dosage level. c. Minimal inhibitory concentration. d. Chemotherapeutic index.
Last Answer : a. Toxic dosage Level.
Description : The most important reason for using a combination of chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of tuberculosis is: A. To prevent development of resistance to the drugs B. To obtain bactericidal effect C. To broaden the spectrum of activity D. To reduce adverse effects of the drugs
Last Answer : A. To prevent development of resistance to the drugs
Description : Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole are examples of synthesis. a. Sulfonamides; PABA b. Penicillins; Cell Wall c. Sulfonamides; Folic Acid d. Macrolides; Protein
Last Answer : c. Sulfonamides; Folic Acid
Description : Antibacterial agents can be classified with regard to their structure, mechanism of action, and activity pattern against various types of bacterial pathogens. Which of the following ... are both bacteriostatic d. Sulfonamides and trimethoprim act synergistically to inhibit purine synthesis
Last Answer : Answer: a, b, d Penicillins, cephalosporins, and monobactams possess a b-lactam ring of some type and act to bind bacterial division plate proteins, thus inhibiting cell wall ... act in different mechanisms to inhibit protein synthesis, therefore two agents in combination act synergistically
Description : Agar is used for solidifying culture media because A-it does not affect by the growth of bacteria B-it does not add to the nutritive properties of the medium C-the melting and solidifying points of agar solution are not the same D-all of the above
Last Answer : all of the above
Description : Immunosuppressive agents used in preventing transplant rejection primarily affect a. macrophages. b. neutrophils. c. dendritic cells. d. T cells.
Last Answer : d. T cells.
Description : If a person has recovered from a disease but continues to shed disease agents, that person is a a. Vector. b. Fomite. c. Vehicle. d. Carrier.
Last Answer : d. Carrier.
Description : Rivers' postulates can be used to a. locate an oncogene in a cell that is cancerous. b. develop inactivated viruses for use in a vaccine. c. eliminate viruses with certain chemical agents. d. relate a particular virus to a particular disease.
Last Answer : d. relate a particular virus to a particular disease.
Description : Alcohols are a. Surfacants. b. Heavy Metals. c. Denaturing Agents. d. Detergents
Last Answer : d. Detergents.
Description : Phenolics include chemical agents a. Such As The Iodophores. b. Derived From Carbolic Acid. c. Used As Tiñctures. d. Such As Formaldehyde. ,
Last Answer : d. Such As Formaldehyde. ,
Description : Which group of microbial agents is eukaryotic? a. Bacteria b. Viruses c. Archaea d. Algae
Last Answer : d. Algae
Description : Select the antibiotic with a high therapeutic index (a) Streptomycin (b) Doxy (c) Cephalexin (d) Polymyxin B
Last Answer : Ans: C
Description : Plasmids a. Replicate with the bacterial chromosome. b. Contain essential growth information. c. May contain antibiotic resistance genes. d. Are as large as the bacterial chromosome.
Last Answer : c. May contain antibiotic resistance genes.
Description : All of the following drugs are suitable oral therapy for a lower urinary tract infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa except (a) Norfloxacin (b) Trimethoprim-sulfamethxazole (c) Ciprofloxacin (d) Carbenicillin (e) Methenamine mandelate
Last Answer : Ans: B
Description : Indicate the condition in which neither trimethoprim nor sulfamethoxazole alone are effective, but their combination cotrimoxazole is: A. Prostatitis B. Lymphogranuloma venereum C. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia D. Bacillary dysentery
Last Answer : C. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
Description : Trimethoprim is combined with sulfamethoxazole in a ratio of 1:5 to yield a steady state plasma concentration ratio of: A. Trimethoprim 1: Sulfamethoxazole 5 B. Trimethoprim 1: Sulfamethoxazole 10 C. Trimethoprim 1: Sulfamethoxazole 20 D. Trimethoprim 5: Sulfamethoxazole 1
Last Answer : C. Trimethoprim 1: Sulfamethoxazole 20
Description : Trimethoprim inhibits bacteria without affecting mammalian cells because: A. It does not penetrate mammalian cells B. It has high affinity for bacterial but low affinity for mammalian dihydrofolate ... bacterial folate synthetase as well as dihydrofolate reductase enzymes D. All of the above
Last Answer : B. It has high affinity for bacterial but low affinity for mammalian dihydrofolate reductase enzyme
Description : Select the drug combination which does not exhibit supraadditive synergism: A. Nalidixic acid + Nitrofurantoin B. Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid C. Pyrimethamine + Sulfadoxine D. Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim
Last Answer : A. Nalidixic acid + Nitrofurantoin
Description : Which of the following is a potassium retaining diuretic: A. Triamterene B. Trimethoprim C. Tizanidine D. Trimetazidine
Last Answer : A. Triamterene
Description : Do all bacteria require oxygen for growth?
Last Answer : Many bacteria are aerobic; that is, they require oxygen to grow and perform the biochemical reactions of their metabolism. There are, however, a large number of bacterial species that are ... obligate anaerobes, while others are facultative anaerobes, meaning that they live with or without oxygen.
Description : One indirect way to determine microbial growth is using a _____. a. UV light b. Spectrophotometer c. Light meter d. Radioactive counter
Last Answer : b. Spectrophotometer
Description : When the Exxon Valdez oil spill occurred, technologists "fertilized" the oil-soaked water with _____ to modify the environment and stimulate he growth of naturally occurring microorganisms. a. nitrogen sources (e.g., urea) b. phosphorus compounds c. other mineral nutrients d. A-C above are correct
Last Answer : d. A-C above are correct
Description : Some contemporary products already obtained by plasmid technology include a. interferon b. insulin c. human growth hormone d. A-C above are correct
Description : Which one of the following statements is true of fungal growth? a. Most fungi grow best at 37 degrees C. b. Most fungi, with the exception of yeasts, are anaerobic. c. Most fungi thrive under mildly acidic conditions. d. Most fungi grow in extreme environments.
Last Answer : c. Most fungi thrive under mildly acidic conditions.
Description : Which one of the following best describes the growth conditions for a typical fungus? a. pH 3; 23°C; no oxygen gas present b. pH 8; 30°C; no oxygen gas present c. pH 6; 30°C; oxygen gas present d. pH 3; 23°C; oxygen gas present
Last Answer : c. pH 6; 30°C; oxygen gas present
Description : One of the practical applications of genetic engineering is the bacterial production of ____. a. human insulin. b. human growth hormone c. blood clotting factors VIII and IX d. antiviral proteins e. all of the above
Last Answer : c. blood clotting factors VIII and IX
Description : .A musty or muddy odor of the fish is attributed to A.the growth of Streptomyces species in the mud at the bottom of the body of water B.the mud at the bottom of the body of water C.the growth of Pseudomonas species in the mud at the bottom of the body of water D.none of the above
Last Answer : A.the growth of Streptomyces species in the mud at the bottom of the body of water
Description : Exponential phase of growth curve of bacteria is of limited duration because of A.rise in cell density B.accumulation of toxic metabolites C.exhaustion of nutrients D.all of these
Last Answer : D.all of these
Description : Which of the following (s) is/are the major spoilage of soft drinks from the marked growth of yeasts and bacteria? A.Cloudiness and ropiness B.Flat sour spoilage C.Superficial fungal spoilage D.Pin-spot molding
Last Answer : A.Cloudiness and ropiness
Last Answer : Cloudiness and ropiness
Description : Starvation proteins are produced by a culture during which of the following segments of the growth curve? A - Lag phase B- Exponential phase C- Stationary phase D- Death phase
Last Answer : Stationary phase
Description : Quantitative measurement of bacterial growth can be carried out by measuring A-.cell count B- .cell mass C- .cell activity D- .all of these
Last Answer : .all of these
Description : During exponential growth, the growth rate isA-.number of generations per unit time B- reciprocal of generation time C- both (a) and D- none of these
Last Answer : reciprocal of generation tim
Description : For most bacteria, the optimum pH for growth lies between A- .6.5-7.5 B- B.3.5-4.5 C-.4.5-5.5 D-.5.5-6.5
Last Answer : 6.5-7.5
Description : Selective media facilitate growth of only one kind of organism.Saboraud medium is used to selectively isolate A- coliform bacteria B- gram positive bacteria C- .yeasts D- acid fast organisms
Last Answer : .yeasts
Description : The medium which allows the growth of more than one microorganisms of interest but with morphologically distinguishable colonies is known as A- selective medium B- enrichment medium C- differential medium D- none of these
Last Answer : differential medium
Description : When a substance is added to a liquid medium which inhibits the growth of unwanted bacteriaand favors the growth of wanted bacteria, it is known as A- differential medium B- enriched medium C- enrichment medium D-selective medium
Last Answer : enrichment medium
Description : What is a medium that contains ingredients that inhibit the growth of some organisms while allowing the growth of others? a. Differential b. General purpose c. Enriched d. Selective e. All the above
Last Answer : d. Selective
Description : Which of the following conditions are important for the growth of microbes? a. Temperature b. Gas c. pH d. Oxygen e. All the above
Last Answer : e. All the above
Description : What is the period where there is the least amount of growth in the growth curve? a. Lag phase b. Log phase c. Stationary phase d. Decline phase
Last Answer : a. Lag phase
Description : During the stationary phase of bacterial growth, the population of living cells is _____ the population of dying cells. a. greater than b. smaller than c. equal to d. increasing faster than
Last Answer : c. equal to
Description : Direct methods to measure bacterial growth would include all the following except the a. total bacterial count b. microscopic count c. turbidity measurements d. most probable number
Last Answer : c. turbidity measurements