Description : Factors affecting virulence may include a. The presence of pathogenicity islands. b. Their ability to penetrate the host. c. The infectious dose. d. All the above (a—c) are correct.
Last Answer : d. All the above (a—c) are correct.
Description : An acute disease becomes _____ when the body is incapable of ridding itself of the pathogen, while a local disease becomes ______ when it disseminates to deeper organs and tissues. a. Contagious; Systemic b. Contagious; Secondary c. Chronic; Systemic d. Chronic; Secondary
Last Answer : c. Chronic; Systemic
Description : The condition known as pseudomembranous colitis is associated with a. Excessive antibiotic use in the intestine. b. Invasion of the tissues by Streptococcus mutans. c. Swollen lymph nodes. d. The secondary stage of syphilis.
Last Answer : a. Excessive antibiotic use in the intestine.
Description : ________ occurs if a microbial member of the normal microbiota should gain access to sterile tissue. a. Pathogenicity Islands b. Exogenous Infection c. Endogenous Infection d. Polymicrobial Disease
Last Answer : c. Endogenous Infection
Description : Bacillus subtilis makes a good "bacterial factory" in genetic engineering because _____. a. it normally retains the products it makes b. it is not a human pathogen c. contains endotoxins in it's cell wall d. traditionally ferments sugars
Last Answer : b. it is not a human pathogen
Description : An emerging pathogen associated with contaminated water is _____. a. typhoid fever b. cholera c. shigellosis d. Vibrio vulnificus
Last Answer : d. Vibrio vulnificus
Description : A _____ is a protein receptor on the surface of macrophages, dendritic cells, and endothelial cells that allow them to recognize foreign cell markers. a. Toll-like receptor (TLR) b. pathogen-associated c. Membrane attack complex (MAC) d. Natural killer cells (NK)
Last Answer : b. pathogen-associated
Description : _____ is the scientific study of how the immune system functions in the body to prevent or destroy foreign material, including pathogen a. Epidemiology b. Microbiology c. Immunology d. Toxicology
Last Answer : c. Immunology
Description : The site where a pathogen enters the body is commonly called the _____ while the number of pathogens necessary to establish an infection is the _____. a. Penetration Point; Dose b. Penetration Point; Acme c. Portal Of Entry; Dose d. Portal Of Entry; Acme
Last Answer : c. Portal Of Entry; Dose
Description : A microarray can be used to _____. a. identify if a patient has been infected by a pathogen b. produce human insulin c. insert a viral gene into a plant to prevent viral infection d. A-C are correct
Last Answer : a. identify if a patient has been infected by a pathogen
Description : The bacterial enzyme ______ assists the spread of bacteria away from a blood clot, while ______ assists the spread through body tissues. a. Streptokinase; Hyaluronidase b. Streptokinase; Hemolysin c. Coagulase; Hyaluronidase d. Coagulase; Hemolysin
Last Answer : a. Streptokinase; Hyaluronidase
Description : Wuchereria bancrofti manifests its presence in the human tissues by a. Swimmer's Itch. b. Swollen Arms and Legs. c. Severe Diarrhea. d. Damage to the Retina of the Eye.
Last Answer : b. Swollen Arms and Legs.
Description : Which of the following is NOT an enzyme a pathogen might use to gain entrance into the body? a. Coagulase b. Streptokinase c. Hemolysin d. A-C Are Correct
Last Answer : d. A-C Are Correct
Description : ________ is a tickborne pathogen that inhabits human leukocytes. a. Francisella Tularensis b. Yersinia Pestis c. Ehrlichia d. Rickettsia
Last Answer : c. Ehrlichia
Description : are single-stranded DNA molecules that can recognize and bind to a distinctive nucLeotide sequence of a pathogen. a. Prophages b. Plasmids c. Cloning vectors d. DNA probes
Last Answer : d. DNA probes
Description : A heritable change in DNA is called a ______. a. mistake b. mutation c. gene d. pathogen
Last Answer : b. mutation
Description : Which of the following statements is not true regarding Mycobacterium tuberculosis and/or the disease it causes? A.The pathogen contains mycolic acid in its cell wall B.The pathogen can live inside macrophages C.Antibodies to the pathogen are protective D.None of these
Last Answer : C.Antibodies to the pathogen are protective
Description : An important method used in the rapid identification of a pathogen is a. RNA gene sequencing b. polymerase chain reaction c. molecular taxonomy d. biochemical tests
Last Answer : d. biochemical tests
Description : _____ implies that if enough people in a population are immunized against certain diseases, then it is very difficult for those diseases to spread. a. Herd immunity b. Passive immunity c. Active immunity d. Natural immunity
Last Answer : a. Herd immunity
Description : _____ refers to bacteria that grow and spread through the blood. a. Chronic Disease b. Septicemia c. Acute Disease d. Bacteremia
Last Answer : b. Septicemia
Description : _____ can spread from person to person in respiratory secretions or it may be inherited congenitally. a. Measles b. Chickenpox c. Rosella d. Herpes
Last Answer : c. Rosella
Description : John Snow was able to correlate the spread of cholera with a contaminated _____ in London in 1866. a. Water Pump b. Dairy c. Butcher Shop d. Hand Soap
Last Answer : a. Water Pump
Description : Retroviruses are so-named because their reverse transcriptase _____. a. reverses the flow of genetic information by stimulating information to proceed from RNA to DNA. b. reverses the normal ... the action of drugs on viruses and allows them to continue multiplying in living cells.
Last Answer : a. reverses the flow of genetic information by stimulating information to proceed from RNA to DNA.
Description : The ability to maintain a relatively stable internal state is called _____. a. Homeostasis b. Metabolism c. Equilibrium d. Balancing
Last Answer : a. Homeostasis
Description : Which characteristic sign of inflammation is NOT correctly associated with its cause? a. Edema—nerve damage b. Heat—blood warmth c. Swelling—fluid accumulation d. Redness—blood accumulation
Last Answer : d. Redness—blood accumulation
Description : Damage from ________ is the major cause of liver transplants in the US, alcohol and drug use are cofactors. a. hepatitis A b. hepatitis B c. hepatitis C d. herpes simplex I
Last Answer : c. hepatitis C
Description : For bactericidal activity,__________ has/have the ability to cause thymine dimer formation. a. X rays b. B ultraviolet light a. Gamma Rays b. Microwaves
Last Answer : b. B ultraviolet light
Description : The capacity of an antihistaminic to produce sedation depends on the following except (a) Relative affinity for central versus peripheral H1 receptors (b) Ability to penetrate blood-brain barrier (c) Individual susceptibility (d) Ratio of H1 : H2 blockade produced by the drug
Last Answer : Ans: D
Description : The capacity of an antihistaminic to produce sedation depends on the following except: A. Relative affinity for central versus peripheral H1 receptors B. Ability to penetrate blood-brain barrier C. Individual susceptibility D. Ratio of H1:H2 blockade produced by the drug
Last Answer : D. Ratio of H1:H2 blockade produced by the drug
Description : 06. A hydrophilic medicinal agent has the following property: a) Low ability to penetrate through the cell membrane lipids b) Penetrate through membranes by means of endocytosis c) Easy permeation through the blood-brain barrier d) High reabsorption in renal tubules
Last Answer : a) Low ability to penetrate through the cell membrane lipids
Description : What is pathogenicity? -Biology
Last Answer : answer:
Description : Due to increasing air-borne allergens and pollutants, many people in urban areas are suffering from respiratory disorder that cause wheezing due to (a) reduction in the secretion of surfactant by ... of bronchi and bronchioles (d) proliferation of fibrous tissues and damage of the alveolar walls.
Last Answer : (c) inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles
Description : A cancer cell is characterized by (A) Uncontrolled cell division (B) Invasion of neighbouring cells (C) Spread to distant sites (D) All of these
Last Answer : Answer : D
Description : _____ cause a yellow-gray-brown discoloration of teeth and stunted bones in children, which have limited its use to adults. a. Methicillin b. Vancomycin c. Tetracycline d. Erythromycin
Last Answer : c. Tetracycline
Description : The majority of bacterial species that cause foodborne and waterborne illnesses in humans are _____. a. Gram-Negative Rods b. Gram-Negative Cocci c. Gram-Positive Rods d. Rods Without A Wall
Last Answer : a. Gram-Negative Rods
Description : Some strains of Streptococcus carry toxins that cause a pink red rash. This is called _____. a. Rhumatic Fever b. Q Fever c. Scarlet Fever d. Pharyngitis
Last Answer : c. Scarlet Fever
Description : The phylum Spirochaetes _____. a. move by a corkscrew pattern b. cause gonorrhea c. can photosynthesize d. A-C are correct
Last Answer : a. move by a corkscrew pattern
Description : During the course of a cellular hypersensitivity a. Antibodies react with antigens in tissues. b. Serotonin and histamine are released by cells. c. Immune complexes form on blood vessel surfaces. d. A skin thickening called an induration may form.
Last Answer : b. Serotonin and histamine are released by cells.
Description : The secondary lymphoid tissues include the__________ and_____________ a. Thymus; Bone Marrow b. Bone Marrow; Tonsils c. Spleen; Thymus d. Spleen; Lymph Nodes
Last Answer : d. Spleen; Lymph Nodes
Description : These viruses multiply first in the tonsils and then the lymphoid tissues of the gastrointestinal tract. a. Rabies virus b. Rotavirus c. Polio virus d. Hepatitis A virus
Last Answer : c. Polio virus
Description : Tissue tropism refers to a. what tissues grow due to a viral infection. b. what tissues are resistant to viral infection. c. what organisms a virus infects. d. what cells or tissues a virus infects.
Last Answer : d. what cells or tissues a virus infects.
Description : Which one of the following describes the mode of action of tetanospasmin? a. It inhibits muscle contraction. b. It damages and lyses red blood cells. c. It disrupts cell tissues. d. It inhibits muscle relaxation.
Last Answer : d. It inhibits muscle relaxation.
Description : .Living organisms have many complex characteristics. Which one of the following is shared by non- living matter as well? A-Homeostasis B- .Tissues C- .Reproduction D- Molecules
Last Answer : Molecules
Description : Living organisms have many complex characteristics. Which one of the following is sharedbynon-living matter as well?A- Homeostasis B- Tissues C- Reproduction D- Molecules
Description : A zoonosis is a disease a. Transmitted From Humans To Animals. b. Spread From Animals To Humans. c. Transmitted Between Wild And Domestic Animals. d. Spread Between Wild Animals
Last Answer : b. Spread From Animals To Humans.
Description : Arboviral encephalitis is an example of a a. disease causing gastroenteritis. b. disease spread by the fecal-oral route. c. Zoonosis d. type of hepatitis.
Last Answer : c. Zoonosis