Which one of the following is a developmental expenditure? (1) Irrigation expenditure (2) Civil administration (3) Debt services (4) Grant-in-aid

Which one of the following is a developmental expenditure? (1) Irrigation expenditure (2) Civil administration (3) Debt services (4) Grant-in-aid
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(1) Irrigation expenditure Explanation: Public expenditure whether plans or non-plan or capital or revenue is classified into developmental and non-developmental expenditure. The expenditure which is incurred on activities directly related to economic development is called developmental expenditure. Hence, expenditure incurred on education, health care, scientific research: infrastructure and so on is developmental expenditure. Expenditure incurred on general essential services required for normal running of the government is termed as non-developmental expenditure. Therefore, expenditure incurred on services relating to general administration, police, defense, judiciary etc. is nondevelopmental expenditure.
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Which one of the following is a developmental expenditure? (1) Irrigation expenditure (2) Civil administration (3) Debt services (4) Grant–in–aid

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The sale proceeds of Government Bonds come under the budget head of - (1) Revenue Receipts (2) Current Expenditure (3) Capital Outlay (4) Capital Receipts

Description : The sale proceeds of Government Bonds come under the budget head of - (1) Revenue Receipts (2) Current Expenditure (3) Capital Outlay (4) Capital Receipts

Last Answer : (4) Capital Receipts Explanation: Capital receipts are the funds received into the businesses that are not part of the operating activities of the establishment. Capital receipts primarily include external ... furniture, investment (long term) etc., which shall not be occurring all the time.

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Whch of the following curve describes the variation of household expenditure on a particular good with respect to household income? (1) Demand curve (2) Engel curve (3) Great Cats by curve (4) Cost curve

Description : Whch of the following curve describes the variation of household expenditure on a particular good with respect to household income? (1) Demand curve (2) Engel curve (3) Great Cats by curve (4) Cost curve

Last Answer : (2) Engel curve Explanation: In microeconomics, an Engel curve describes how household expenditure on a particular good or service varies with household income. The curve is named after ... was the first to investigate this relationship between goods expenditure and income systematically in 1857.

Who among the following has suggested tax on expenditure? (1) Dalton (2) Kaldor (3) Musgrave (4) Gautam Mathur

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Which one of the following is not a method for computing GNP? (1) Income Approach (2) Expenditure Approach (3) Savings Approach (4) Value Added Approach

Description : Which one of the following is not a method for computing GNP? (1) Income Approach (2) Expenditure Approach (3) Savings Approach (4) Value Added Approach

Last Answer : (1) Income Approach Explanation: Gross National Product (GNP) can be defined as an economic statistic which includes Gross Domestic Product, plus any income earned by the residents from investments ... foreign countries by the residents of a country - income earned by nonresidents in that country.

Inflation can be checked by - (1) increasing exports (2) increasing money supply (3) increasing Government expenditure (4) decreasing money supply

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Last Answer : (4) decreasing money supply Explanation: The technical and most often used way to control inflation is by tightening the money supply. The logic goes that when people do not have excess money, ... . Most central banks use high interest rates as the traditional way to fight or prevent inflation.

Which one of the following is NOT an example of indirect tax? (1) Sales tax (2) Excise duty (3) Customs duty (4) Expenditure tax

Description : Which one of the following is NOT an example of indirect tax? (1) Sales tax (2) Excise duty (3) Customs duty (4) Expenditure tax

Last Answer : (4) Expenditure tax Explanation: Expenditure tax is a taxation plan that replaces the income tax (a direct tax). Instead of applying a tax based on the income earned, tax is allocated based on the ... a consumption tax. The major benefit for this type of tax scheme is the removal of double taxation.

Which one of the following is not a method of estimating National Income? (1) Expenditure method (2) Product method (3) Matrix method (4) Income method

Description : Which one of the following is not a method of estimating National Income? (1) Expenditure method (2) Product method (3) Matrix method (4) Income method

Last Answer : (3) Matrix method Explanation: The matrix method is a structural analysis method used as a fundamental principle in many applications in civil engineering. The method is carried out, using ... of measuring national income. The methods are product method, income method and expenditure method.

Which of the following is not included in the National Income? (1) Imputed rent of owner-occupied houses (2) Government expenditure on making new bridges (3) Winning a lottery (4) Commission paid to an agent for sale of house

Description : Which of the following is not included in the National Income? (1) Imputed rent of owner-occupied houses (2) Government expenditure on making new bridges (3) Winning a lottery (4) Commission paid to an agent for sale of house

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The main emphasis of Keynesian economics is on - (1) Expenditure (2) Exchange (3) Foreign trade (4) Taxation

Description : The main emphasis of Keynesian economics is on - (1) Expenditure (2) Exchange (3) Foreign trade (4) Taxation

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An expenditure that has been made and cannot be recovered is called - (1) Variable cost (2) Opportunity cost (3) Sunk cost (4) Operational cost

Description : An expenditure that has been made and cannot be recovered is called - (1) Variable cost (2) Opportunity cost (3) Sunk cost (4) Operational cost

Last Answer : (3) Sunk cost Explanation: In economics and business decision-making, sunk costs are retrospective (past) costs that have already been incurred and cannot be recovered. Sunk costs are sometimes contrasted ... is taken. The sunk cost is distinct from economic loss. Sunk costs may cause cost overrun.

Which of the following is not an economic problem? (1) Deciding between paid work leisure (2) Deciding between expenditure on one good and the other (3) Deciding between alternative methods of personal savings (4) Deciding between different ways of spending leisure time

Description : Which of the following is not an economic problem? (1) Deciding between paid work leisure (2) Deciding between expenditure on one good and the other (3) Deciding between alternative methods of personal savings (4) Deciding between different ways of spending leisure time

Last Answer : (3) Deciding between alternative methods of personal savings Explanation: The Theory of Economic Problem states that scarcity exists in the sense that only finite and insufficient resources are ... to allocate scarce resources to the provision of various goods and services within the economy.

The functional relationship between income and consumption expenditure is explained by - (1) Consumer' Surplus (2) Law of Demand (3) Law of Supply (4) Keynes's psychological law of consumption

Description : The functional relationship between income and consumption expenditure is explained by - (1) Consumer' Surplus (2) Law of Demand (3) Law of Supply (4) Keynes's psychological law of consumption

Last Answer : (4) Keynes's psychological law of consumption Explanation: Keynes defined Psychological Law of Consumption in terms of, "The fundamental psychological law, upon which we are entitled to depend with great ... consumption as their income increases but not by as much as the increase in the income."

Gross Profit means - (1) Total investment over total saving (2) Changes in methods of production (3) Changes in the form of business organisation (4) Total receipts over total expenditure

Description : Gross Profit means - (1) Total investment over total saving (2) Changes in methods of production (3) Changes in the form of business organisation (4) Total receipts over total expenditure

Last Answer : (4) Total receipts over total expenditure Explanation: In accounting, gross profit or sales profit is the difference between revenue and the cost of making a product or providing a service, before deducting ... . Gross profit = Net sales (total receipts) - Cost of goods sold (total expenditure).

The supply-side measure to control inflation is - (1) Reducing public expenditure (2) Price control through Public Distribution System (3) Higher taxation to mop up liquidity (4) Credit control

Description : The supply-side measure to control inflation is - (1) Reducing public expenditure (2) Price control through Public Distribution System (3) Higher taxation to mop up liquidity (4) Credit control

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While determining income the expenditure on which of the following items is not considered as investment? (1) Construction of factory (2) Computer (3) Increase in the stock of unsold articles (4) Stock and share in joint stock company

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Last Answer : (3) Increase in the stock of unsold articles Explanation: The gross national product is the sum total of all final goods and services produced by the people of one country in one year. The GNP is a ... net exports (Xn). Increase in the stock of unsold articles do not come under any of these heads.

What is "book-building"? (1) Preparing the income and expenditure ledgers of a company (book-keeping) (2) Manipulating the profit and loss statements of a company (3) A process of inviting subscriptions to a public offer of securities, essentially through a tendering process (4) Publishers' activity

Description : What is "book-building"? (1) Preparing the income and expenditure ledgers of a company (book-keeping) (2) Manipulating the profit and loss statements of a company (3) A process of inviting subscriptions to a public offer of securities, essentially through a tendering process (4) Publishers' activity

Last Answer : (3) A process of inviting subscriptions to a public offer of securities, essentially through a tendering process Explanation: Book building refers to the process of generating, capturing, and recording investor ... a base price and a band within which the investor is allowed to bid for shares.

Investment and savings are kept equal through a change in the level of - (1) Consumption (2) Investment (3) Government expenditure (4) Income

Description : Investment and savings are kept equal through a change in the level of - (1) Consumption (2) Investment (3) Government expenditure (4) Income

Last Answer : (1) Consumption Explanation: Desired savings are kept equal to desired investment by responses to interest rate changes. Savings identity or the savings investment identity is a concept in ... brings savings and investment into balance without any intention by business to increase investment.

A tax is characterized by horizontal equity if its liability is - (1) proportional to the income of tax payers (2) similar for tax payers in similar circumstances (3) proportional to the expenditure of tax payers (4) the same for every tax payer

Description : A tax is characterized by horizontal equity if its liability is - (1) proportional to the income of tax payers (2) similar for tax payers in similar circumstances (3) proportional to the expenditure of tax payers (4) the same for every tax payer

Last Answer : (1) proportional to the income of tax payers Explanation: The principle of equity includes both horizontal and vertical. Equity is determined by first assessing an individual's ability-to-pay. The idea of ... equity suggests it is fair for people of equal ability to pay the same amount in taxes.

The method of calculating the national income by the product method is otherwise known as : (1) Income method (2) Value added method (3) Expenditure method (4) Net output method

Description : The method of calculating the national income by the product method is otherwise known as : (1) Income method (2) Value added method (3) Expenditure method (4) Net output method

Last Answer : (4) Net output method Explanation: Primarily there are three methods of measuring national income. Which method is to be employed depends on the availability of data and purpose. The methods ... account. In this method, National Output = National Expenditure (Aggregate Demand) = National Income.

he non-expenditure costs which arise when the producing firm itself owns and supplies certain factors of production are - (1) Explicit costs (2) Original costs (3) Implicit costs (4) Replacement costs

Description : he non-expenditure costs which arise when the producing firm itself owns and supplies certain factors of production are - (1) Explicit costs (2) Original costs (3) Implicit costs (4) Replacement costs

Last Answer : (3) Implicit costs Explanation: In economics, an implicit is the opportunity cost equal to what a firm must give up in order to use factors which it neither purchases nor hires. It is ... instead of renting, selling or lending it. These are costs a business incurs without actually spending money.

Micro-economics is also called : (1) Income theory (2) Investment theory (3) Price theory (4) Expenditure theory

Description : Micro-economics is also called : (1) Income theory (2) Investment theory (3) Price theory (4) Expenditure theory

Last Answer : (3) Price theory Explanation: Microeconomics is the branch of economics concerned with isolated parts of the economy, for example, individual people, firms or industries. It involves such topics as the theory of prices and of the firm.