(3) Insurance Policies Explanation: Government debt is the debt owed by a central government. Governments usually borrow by issuing securities, government bonds and bills. Government Bonds are often issued via auctions at Stock. Exchanges. There are two main depository types: Book-Entry and Certificate. Insurance policies do not come under government debt. In insurance, the insurance policy is a contract (generally a standard form contract) between the insurer and the insured, known as the policyholder, which determines the claims which the insurer is legally required to pay.