All the following statements about serotonin are true except (A) It causes vasolidatation (B) It causes bronchoconstriction (C) It is metabolized by monoamine oxidase (D) Its metabolite is 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid

All the following statements about serotonin are true except (A) It causes vasolidatation (B) It causes bronchoconstriction (C) It is metabolized by monoamine oxidase (D) Its metabolite is 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid
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Epinephrine is rapidly metabolized by (A) Monoamine oxidase (B) Deaminase (C) Transminase (D) Decarboxylase

Description : Epinephrine is rapidly metabolized by (A) Monoamine oxidase (B) Deaminase (C) Transminase (D) Decarboxylase

Last Answer : Answer : A

An enzyme involved in catabolism of catecholamines is (A) Dopa decarboxylase (B) Aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (C) Monoamine oxidase (D) Catechol oxidas

Description : An enzyme involved in catabolism of catecholamines is (A) Dopa decarboxylase (B) Aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (C) Monoamine oxidase (D) Catechol oxidas

Last Answer : Answer : C

Physostigmine is a competitive inhibitor of (A) Xanthine oxidase (B) Cholinesterase (C) Carbonic anhydrase (D) Monoamine oxidase

Description : Physostigmine is a competitive inhibitor of (A) Xanthine oxidase (B) Cholinesterase (C) Carbonic anhydrase (D) Monoamine oxidase

Last Answer : Answer : B

The following enzymes on the left are responsible for the synthesis of the neurotransmitters on the right: a. monoamine oxidase: noradrenaline b. cholinesterase: acetylcholine c. catechol-o-methyl transferase: dopamine d. dopa decarboxylase: adrenaline

Description : The following enzymes on the left are responsible for the synthesis of the neurotransmitters on the right: a. monoamine oxidase: noradrenaline b. cholinesterase: acetylcholine c. catechol-o-methyl transferase: dopamine d. dopa decarboxylase: adrenaline

Last Answer : dopa decarboxylase: adrenaline

At the adrenergic synapse, the concentration of adrenaline in synaptic cleft: a. increased by cocaine which inhibit reuptake of adrenaline b. decreased by MAO (monoamine oxidase) - inhibitors c. controlled chiefly by the activity of the enzyme COMT d. increased by noradrenaline receptor blockers

Description : At the adrenergic synapse, the concentration of adrenaline in synaptic cleft: a. increased by cocaine which inhibit reuptake of adrenaline b. decreased by MAO (monoamine oxidase) - inhibitors c. controlled chiefly by the activity of the enzyme COMT d. increased by noradrenaline receptor blockers

Last Answer : increased by cocaine which inhibit reuptake of adrenaline

Which of the following categories of medications may result in seizure activity if withdrawn suddenly? a) Tranquilizers Abrupt withdrawal of tranquilizers may result in anxiety, tension, and even seizures if withdrawn suddenly. b) Adrenal corticosteroids Abrupt withdrawal of steroids may precipitate cardiovascular collapse. c) Antidepressants Monoamine oxidase inhibitors increase the hypotensive effects of anesthetics. d) Diuretics Thiazide diuretics may cause excessive respiratory depression during anesthesia due to an associated electrolyte imbalance.

Description : Which of the following categories of medications may result in seizure activity if withdrawn suddenly? a) Tranquilizers Abrupt withdrawal of tranquilizers may result in anxiety, tension, ... may cause excessive respiratory depression during anesthesia due to an associated electrolyte imbalance.

Last Answer : a) Tranquilizers Abrupt withdrawal of tranquilizers may result in anxiety, tension, and even seizures if withdrawn suddenly.

All of the following statements about allopurinol are true except (A) It is a structural analogue of uric acid (B) It can prevent uric acid stones in the kidneys (C) It increases the urinary excretion of xanthine and hypoxanthine (D) It is a competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase

Description : All of the following statements about allopurinol are true except (A) It is a structural analogue of uric acid (B) It can prevent uric acid stones in the kidneys (C) It increases the urinary excretion of xanthine and hypoxanthine (D) It is a competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase

Last Answer : Answer : A

Thioguanine differs from mercaptopurine in that: A. It is not metabolized by xanthine oxidase B. It does not cause hyperuricemia C. Its dose need not be reduced when allopurinol is given concurrently D. Both ‘A’ and ‘C’ are correc

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Last Answer : D. Both ‘A’ and ‘C’ are correct

All the following are true about phenylketonuria except (A) Deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase (B) Mental retardation (C) Increased urinary excretion of p-hydroxyphenyl pyruvic acid (D) Decrease serotonin formation

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Last Answer : Answer : C

In most mammals, except primates, uric acid is metabolized by (A) Oxidation to allantoin (B) Reduction to NH3 (C) Hydrolysis to allantoin (D) Hydrolysis to NH3

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Last Answer : Answer : A

Choose the correct statement about allopurinol: A. It is a purine antimetabolite with antineoplastic activity B. It is a competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase C. It is inactive itself, but its metabolite alloxanthine is a competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase D. Both allopurinol as well as its metabolite alloxanthine are noncompetitive inhibitors of xanthine oxidase

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Last Answer : B. It is a competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase

All the following statements about ceruloplasmin are correct except (A) It is a copper-containing protein (B) It possesses oxidase activity (C) It is synthesised in intestinal mucosa (D) Its plasma level is decreased inWilson’s disease

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Last Answer : Answer : C

Actions of prostaglandin E2 include the following except: A. Fall in blood pressure B. Bronchoconstriction C. Uterine contraction D. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion

Description : Actions of prostaglandin E2 include the following except: A. Fall in blood pressure B. Bronchoconstriction C. Uterine contraction D. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion

Last Answer : B. Bronchoconstriction

The following is true of sulfonamides except: A. They are more likely to produce crystalluria in alkaline urine in which they are less soluble B. They are primarily metabolized by acetylation C. They may exert bactericidal action in the urinary tract D. Used alone, they have become therapeutically unreliable for serious infections

Description : The following is true of sulfonamides except: A. They are more likely to produce crystalluria in alkaline urine in which they are less soluble B. They are primarily metabolized by acetylation ... in the urinary tract D. Used alone, they have become therapeutically unreliable for serious infections

Last Answer : A. They are more likely to produce crystalluria in alkaline urine in which they are less soluble

The following is true of procainamide except: A. It generates an active metabolite in the body B. Its plasma half-life is longer than that of quinidine C. On long-term use, it can cause systemic lupus erythematosus like illness D. It is effective in many cases of ventricular extrasystoles, not responding to lignocaine

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Last Answer : A. Disopyramide

Actions of bradykinin include the following except: A. Fall in blood pressure B. Cardiac depression C. Increase in capillary permeability D. Bronchoconstriction

Description : Actions of bradykinin include the following except: A. Fall in blood pressure B. Cardiac depression C. Increase in capillary permeability D. Bronchoconstriction

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A non essential amino acid is not (A) Absorbed in the intestines (B) Required in the diet (C) Incorporated into the protein (D) Metabolized by the body

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Last Answer : Answer : B

Iron is present in all the following except (A) Peroxidase (B) Xanthine oxidase (C) Aconitase (D) Fumarase

Description : Iron is present in all the following except (A) Peroxidase (B) Xanthine oxidase (C) Aconitase (D) Fumarase

Last Answer : Answer : D

All of the following are iron-containing enzymes except (A) Carbonic anhydrase (B) Catalase (C) Peroxidase (D) Cytochrome oxidase

Description : All of the following are iron-containing enzymes except (A) Carbonic anhydrase (B) Catalase (C) Peroxidase (D) Cytochrome oxidase

Last Answer : Answer : A

Succinylcholine can produce all except A) Induce malignant hyperthermia in susceptible patients B) Prolonged paralysis occurs in case of butyrylcholinesterase abnormalities (as succinylcholine is not metabolized) C) Tachycardia, particularly in children D) Increase intraocular pressure

Description : Succinylcholine can produce all except A) Induce malignant hyperthermia in susceptible patients B) Prolonged paralysis occurs in case of butyrylcholinesterase abnormalities (as succinylcholine is not metabolized) C) Tachycardia, particularly in children D) Increase intraocular pressure

Last Answer : Ans: C

Which of the following statements regarding cytokines is incorrect? A. Cytokines act directly on target cells and may potentiate the actions of one another. B. Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is a major proinflammatory mediator with multiple effects, including regulation of skeletal muscle proteolysis in patients with sepsis or significant injury. C. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a major cytokine that results in platelet aggregation, bronchoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability. D. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), despite its short plasma half-life, appears to be a principal mediator in the evolution of sepsis and the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome because of its multiple actions and the secondary cascades that it stimulates.

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Last Answer : Answer: C DISCUSSION: Cytokines are soluble peptide molecules that are synthesized and secreted by a number of cell types in response to injury, inflammation, and infection. Cytokines, which ... is thought to play a central role in the stress response, particularly in response to endotoxemia

The chief metabolite of catecholamines is (A) Metanephrine (B) Normetanephrine (C) 3, 4-Dihydroxymandelic acid (D) Vanillylmandelic acid

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This abnormal metabolite may be responsible for the neurological manifestation of pernicious anemia. (A) Taurine (B) Methyl malonic acid (C) Xanthurenic acid (D) Phenyl pyruvic acid

Description : This abnormal metabolite may be responsible for the neurological manifestation of pernicious anemia. (A) Taurine (B) Methyl malonic acid (C) Xanthurenic acid (D) Phenyl pyruvic acid

Last Answer : Answer : B

This abnormal metabolite may be responsible for the neurological manifestation of pernicious anemia: (A) Taurine (B) Methyl malonic acid (C) Xantherunic acid (D) Phenyl pyruvic acid

Description : This abnormal metabolite may be responsible for the neurological manifestation of pernicious anemia: (A) Taurine (B) Methyl malonic acid (C) Xantherunic acid (D) Phenyl pyruvic acid

Last Answer : Answer : A

Xanthuric acid is an abnormal metabolite of (A) Xanthine (B) Uric acid (C) Tyrosine (D) Tryptophan

Description : Xanthuric acid is an abnormal metabolite of (A) Xanthine (B) Uric acid (C) Tyrosine (D) Tryptophan

Last Answer : Answer : D

Which of the following metabolite integrates glucose and fatty acid metabolism? (A) Acetyl CoA (B) Pyruvate (C) Citrate (D) Lactate

Description : Which of the following metabolite integrates glucose and fatty acid metabolism? (A) Acetyl CoA (B) Pyruvate (C) Citrate (D) Lactate

Last Answer : A

The biosynthesis of both Catecholamine and serotonin require (A) Tyrosine hydroxylase (B) N-methyl transferase (C) Aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (D) Tryptophan pyrrolase

Description : The biosynthesis of both Catecholamine and serotonin require (A) Tyrosine hydroxylase (B) N-methyl transferase (C) Aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (D) Tryptophan pyrrolase

Last Answer : Answer : B

Thromboxanes cause (A) Vasodilation (B) Bronchoconstriction (C) Platelet aggregation (D) All of these

Description : Thromboxanes cause (A) Vasodilation (B) Bronchoconstriction (C) Platelet aggregation (D) All of these

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Cefotaxime has the following properties except (a) It is highly active against aerobic gram negative bacteria (b) It is the most active cephalosporin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (c) It produces an active metabolite (d) It has achieved high cure rates in serious hospital acquired infections

Description : Cefotaxime has the following properties except (a) It is highly active against aerobic gram negative bacteria (b) It is the most active cephalosporin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (c) It produces an active metabolite (d) It has achieved high cure rates in serious hospital acquired infections

Last Answer : Ans: B

Cefotaxime has the following properties except: A. It is highly active against aerobic gram negative bacteria B. It is the most active cephalosporin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa C. It produces an active metabolite D. It has achieved high cure rates in serious hospital acquired infections

Description : Cefotaxime has the following properties except: A. It is highly active against aerobic gram negative bacteria B. It is the most active cephalosporin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa C. It produces an active metabolite D. It has achieved high cure rates in serious hospital acquired infections

Last Answer : B. It is the most active cephalosporin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

In the treatment of parkinsonism, bromocriptine differs from levodopa in the following respects except: A. It does not need conversion to an active metabolite B. It has a longer duration of action C. It activates dopamine D2 receptors, with little/antagonistic action on D1 receptors D. It does not produce behavioral/psychiatric side effect

Description : In the treatment of parkinsonism, bromocriptine differs from levodopa in the following respects except: A. It does not need conversion to an active metabolite B. It has a longer duration of ... with little/antagonistic action on D1 receptors D. It does not produce behavioral/psychiatric side effect

Last Answer : D. It does not produce behavioral/psychiatric side effects

What is true of isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH): A. An active transport mechanism concentrates INH inside sensitive mycobacteria B. Sensitive mycobacteria generate an active metabolite of INH through a catalaseperoxidase enzyme C. The most common mechanism of INH resistance is mutation i

Description : What is true of isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH): A. An active transport mechanism concentrates INH inside sensitive mycobacteria B. Sensitive mycobacteria generate an active metabolite of INH through a catalaseperoxidase enzyme C. The most common mechanism of INH resistance is mutation i

Last Answer : D. Both 'A' and 'B' are correct

Advantages of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) include the following except: A. No interference with ejaculation and orgasm B. Minimal sedative action C. Unlikely to cause fall in BP D. Lack of seizure precipitating potential

Description : Advantages of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) include the following except: A. No interference with ejaculation and orgasm B. Minimal sedative action C. Unlikely to cause fall in BP D. Lack of seizure precipitating potential

Last Answer : A. No interference with ejaculation and orgasm

All of the following statements about puromycin are true except (A) It is an alanyl tRNA analogue (B) It causes premature termination of protein synthesis (C) It inhibits protein synthesis in prokaryotes (D) It inhibits protein synthesis in eukaryotes

Description : All of the following statements about puromycin are true except (A) It is an alanyl tRNA analogue (B) It causes premature termination of protein synthesis (C) It inhibits protein synthesis in prokaryotes (D) It inhibits protein synthesis in eukaryotes

Last Answer : Answer : A

All of the following statements about hypoglycin are true except (A) It is a plant toxin (B) It causes hypoglycaemia (C) It inhibits oxidation of short chain fatty acids (D) It inhibits oxidation of long chain fatty acids

Description : All of the following statements about hypoglycin are true except (A) It is a plant toxin (B) It causes hypoglycaemia (C) It inhibits oxidation of short chain fatty acids (D) It inhibits oxidation of long chain fatty acids

Last Answer : Answer : A

Which of the following statements are true? 1. Cytokinins promote stomatal opening 2. Sprays of indole -3 acetic acid can inhibit premature fruit fall 3. The growth movements caused by a unilateral stimulus are known as nastic movements 4. The seeds of desert plants will not germinate unless they have been subjected to a high temperature for some time Questions Select the correct answer from the following: (a) 1, 2, and 4 (b) 2 and 4 (c) 1, 2, and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Description : Which of the following statements are true? 1. Cytokinins promote stomatal opening 2. Sprays of indole -3 acetic acid can inhibit premature fruit fall 3. The growth movements caused by a unilateral stimulus are known as nastic movements 4. The ... 4 (b) 2 and 4 (c) 1, 2, and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Last Answer : Ans:(a)

Which of the following statements regarding neutrophils are true? a. The neutrophil undergoes final maturation after release into the circulation b. Patients with chronic granulomatous disease have a defective neutrophil H-oxidase system c. Neutrophil killing of bacteria is achieved by oxidants, proteinases and cationic proteins d. The normal human neutrophil circulates in the blood for 7–10 days

Description : Which of the following statements regarding neutrophils are true? a. The neutrophil undergoes final maturation after release into the circulation b. Patients with chronic granulomatous disease have a defective ... proteins d. The normal human neutrophil circulates in the blood for 7-10 days

Last Answer : Answer: b, c The neutrophil is a migratory phagocytic cell that defends the host against bacteria and eliminates necrotic tissue. The neutrophil matures in the bone marrow and is ... phagocytose bacteria, they are unable to kill the intracellular microbes and chronic, unresolved infections result

Which of the following statements are true of oxidants? A. In addition to their pathophysiologic roles in inflammation, injury, and infection, oxidants also have physiologic roles. B. Oxidants may be generated from activated neutrophils and during reperfusion following a period of ischemia. C. The deleterious effects of oxidants include lipid peroxidation and cell membrane damage, oxidative damage to DNA, and inhibition of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. D. The mechanism of ischemia-reperfusion injury involved the catalytic production of superoxide anion (O 2•) by the enzyme xanthine oxidase.

Description : Which of the following statements are true of oxidants? A. In addition to their pathophysiologic roles in inflammation, injury, and infection, oxidants also have physiologic roles. B. Oxidants may ... involved the catalytic production of superoxide anion (O 2 ) by the enzyme xanthine oxidase.

Last Answer : Answer: ABCD DISCUSSION: Oxidants are reactive oxygen metabolites that have both physiologic and pathophysiologic roles. As potent oxidizing agents, oxidants are involved in cytochrome P ... leukocyte infiltration and activation, causing further tissue damage by the release of cytotoxic proteases

The acetyl CoA formed on β-oxidation of all long chain fatty acids is metabolized under normal circumstances to (A) CO2 and water (B) Cholesterol (C) Fatty acids (D) Ketone bodies

Description : The acetyl CoA formed on β-oxidation of all long chain fatty acids is metabolized under normal circumstances to (A) CO2 and water (B) Cholesterol (C) Fatty acids (D) Ketone bodies

Last Answer : Answer : A

A drug which prevents uric acid synthesis by inhibiting the enzyme Xanthine oxidase is (A) Aspirin (B) Allopurinal (C) Colchicine (D) Phenyl benzoate

Description : A drug which prevents uric acid synthesis by inhibiting the enzyme Xanthine oxidase is (A) Aspirin (B) Allopurinal (C) Colchicine (D) Phenyl benzoate

Last Answer : Answer : B

Maple syrup urine disease results from absence or serve deficiency of (A) Homogentisate oxidase (B) Phenylalanine hydroxylase (C) Branched chain amino acid transaminase (D) None of these

Description : Maple syrup urine disease results from absence or serve deficiency of (A) Homogentisate oxidase (B) Phenylalanine hydroxylase (C) Branched chain amino acid transaminase (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

In humans purine are catabolised to uric acid due to lack of the enzyme: (A) Urease (B) Uricase (C) Xanthine oxidase (D) Guanase

Description : In humans purine are catabolised to uric acid due to lack of the enzyme: (A) Urease (B) Uricase (C) Xanthine oxidase (D) Guanase

Last Answer : Answer : B

A molybdenum containing oxidase is (A) Cytochrome oxidase (B) Xanthine oxidase (C) Glucose oxidase (D) L-Amino acid oxidase

Description : A molybdenum containing oxidase is (A) Cytochrome oxidase (B) Xanthine oxidase (C) Glucose oxidase (D) L-Amino acid oxidase

Last Answer : Answer : B

Schardinger’s enzyme is (A) Lactate dehydrogenase (B) Xanthine dehydrogenase (C) Uric oxidase (D) L amino acid dehydrogenase

Description : Schardinger’s enzyme is (A) Lactate dehydrogenase (B) Xanthine dehydrogenase (C) Uric oxidase (D) L amino acid dehydrogenase

Last Answer : Answer : B

Albinism is due to deficiency of the enzyme: (A) Phenylalanine hydroxylase (B) Tyrosinase (C) p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid oxidase (D) Tyrosine dehydrogenase

Description : Albinism is due to deficiency of the enzyme: (A) Phenylalanine hydroxylase (B) Tyrosinase (C) p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid oxidase (D) Tyrosine dehydrogenase

Last Answer : Answer : C

Fabry’s disease is due to the deficiency of the enzyme: (A) Ceramide trihexosidase (B) Galactocerebrosidase (C) Phytanic acid oxidase (D) Sphingomyelinase

Description : Fabry’s disease is due to the deficiency of the enzyme: (A) Ceramide trihexosidase (B) Galactocerebrosidase (C) Phytanic acid oxidase (D) Sphingomyelinase

Last Answer : Answer : A

Retinal is converted into retinoic acid in the presence of (A) Retinal oxidase (B) Retinal carboxylase (C) Retinene reductase(D) Spontaneously

Description : Retinal is converted into retinoic acid in the presence of (A) Retinal oxidase (B) Retinal carboxylase (C) Retinene reductase(D) Spontaneously

Last Answer : Answer : D

Oxaloacetate is converted to aspartic acid by (A) Reductase (B) Oxidase (C) Transminase (D) Catalase

Description : Oxaloacetate is converted to aspartic acid by (A) Reductase (B) Oxidase (C) Transminase (D) Catalase

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The activity of mammalian L-amino acid oxidase, an FMN – flavo protein, is quite (A) Slow (B) Rapid (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these

Description : The activity of mammalian L-amino acid oxidase, an FMN – flavo protein, is quite (A) Slow (B) Rapid (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : A

Most of the ammonia released from L-αamino acids reflects the coupled action of transaminase and (A) L-glutamate dehydrogenase (B) L-amino acid oxidase (C) Histidase (D) Serine dehydratase

Description : Most of the ammonia released from L-αamino acids reflects the coupled action of transaminase and (A) L-glutamate dehydrogenase (B) L-amino acid oxidase (C) Histidase (D) Serine dehydratase

Last Answer : Answer : A