Description : Prostaglandins play pathophysiological role in the following except: A. Patency of ductus arteriosus B. Regulation of renal tubular salt absorption C. Ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction D. Initiation of labour
Last Answer : C. Ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction
Description : Anti-inflammatory corticosteroids inhibit the synthesis of (A) Leukotrienes (B) Prostaglandins (C) Thromboxanes (D) All of these
Last Answer : Answer : D
Description : True statements regarding eicosanoids include which of the following? A. Prostaglandins and thromboxanes are synthesized via the cyclo-oxygenase pathway. B. The vasoconstricting, platelet-aggregating, ... prostaglandins have a short circulation half-life and exert most of their effects locally.
Last Answer : Answer: ABD DISCUSSION: The eicosanoids are a group of compounds arising from the metabolism of arachidonic acid. The prostaglandins and thromboxanes are synthesized via the cyclo-oxygenase ... effects and may be involved in the physiologic responses associated with anaphylactic and septic shock
Description : Indications for the use of antiplatelet drugs include the following except: A. Secondary prophylaxis of myocardial infarction B. Unstable angina pectoris C. Disseminated intravascular coagulation D. Stroke prevention in patients with transient ischaemic attacks
Last Answer : C. Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Description : Which of the following is used for inducing labour? (A) Prostaglandins (B) Prostacyclins (C) Vasopressin (D) Thromboxanes
Last Answer : Answer : A
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct concerning the immunoinflammatory response to shock? a. The anaphylactoxins, C3a and C5a, are products of activation of only the classical pathway ... effects d. Platelet-activating factor can be released by both circulating and fixed tissue cells
Last Answer : Answer: d Inflammatory mediators have recently been recognized as playing a significant role in the clinical manifestations and progression of shock and the development ... increased pulmonary vascular resistance, bronchoconstriction, peripheral vasodilatation, and increased vascular permeability
Description : Which of the following enzymes is ultimately responsible for the production of prostaglandins associated with inflammatory reactions? (a) Phospholipase (b) Lipoxygenase (c) Cyclooxygenase-I (d) Cyclooxygenase II (e) Xanthine oxidase
Last Answer : Ans: D
Description : Inflammation is a complex tissue reaction that includes the release of cytokines, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and peptides. Prostaglandins involved in inflammatory processes are produced from arachidonic acid by (a) ... 2 (c) Glutathione - S - transferase (d) Lipoxygenase (e) Phospholipase A2
Last Answer : Ans: B
Description : All of the following facts are true about non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) except (a) They are antipyretic (b) There is a celling effect to their analgesia (c) They can cause tolerance (d) They do not cause dependence (e) They are anti-inflammatory
Last Answer : Ans: C
Description : All of the following medications should not be used routinely in pregnant patients during the third trimester except (a) Acetaminophen (b) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (c) Warfarin (d) Lithium (e) Aspirin
Last Answer : Ans: A
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the treatment of MOFS? a. Prevention and therapy of MOFS requires control of the infectious or inflammatory source b. Restoration of normal ... of the nature of gut injury, total parenteral nutrition is preferred for most patients with MOFS
Last Answer : Answer: a, c The therapy of MOFS is directed towards interrupting the involving pathophysiologic process and providing an optimal physiologic environment for healing and recovery. ... Enteral absorption and processing of nutrients appears superior to TPN and lessens overall complications
Description : Which of the following statements are true of the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)? A. The two-hit model proposes that secondary MODS may be produced when even a relatively ... intensive care units has decreased owing to increased awareness, prevention, and treatment of the syndrome.
Last Answer : Answer: ABC DISCUSSION: MODS is part of a clinical continuum that begins with the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, which is the host's stress response to any major insult such ... pathogenesis of MODS, the incidence of MODS continues to increase without a significant improvement in outcome
Description : The most clear cut beneficial results are obtained in the use of anticoagulants for the following purpose: A. Prevention of recurrences of myocardial infarction B. Prevention of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism C. Cerebrovascular accident D. Retinal artery thrombosis
Last Answer : A. Prevention of recurrences of myocardial infarction
Description : Low dose subcutaneous heparin therapy is indicated for: A. Prevention of leg vein thrombosis in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery B. Ischaemic stroke C. Patients undergoing neurosurgery D. Prevention of extention of coronary artery thrombus in acute myocardial infarction
Last Answer : A. Prevention of leg vein thrombosis in eld
Description : Non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs, such as aspirin act by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme: (A) Lipoxygenase (B) Cyclooxygenase (C) Phospholipase A2 (D) Lipoprotein lipase
Last Answer : Answer : B
Description : Anti-inflammatory corticosteroids inhibit (A) Phospholipase A1 (B) Phospholipase A2 (C) Cyclo-oxygenase (D) Lipo-oxygenase
Description : Prostaglandins decrease all of the following except (A) Gastric acid secretion (B) Blood pressure (C) Uterine contraction (D) Platelet aggregation
Last Answer : Answer : C
Description : Iodized salt is beneficial for – (1) lowering of blood pressure (2) prevention of dehydration (3) thyroid function (4) salivary glands
Last Answer : (3) thyroid function Explanation: Iodized salt (also spelled iodised salt) is table salt mixed with a minute amount of various salts of the element iodine. The ingestion of iodide prevents iodine ... can be cheaply addressed by purposely adding small amounts of iodine to the sodium chloride salt.
Description : Iodized salt is beneficial for (1) lowering of blood pressure (2) prevention of dehydration (3) thyroid function (4) salivary glands
Last Answer : thyroid function
Description : Which article of Indian Constitution provides for prevention of bonded labour? a) Article 19 b) Article 21 c) Article 23 d) Article 25
Last Answer : c) Article 23
Description : Have you ever witnessed or been involved in an argument in a store over someone cutting in line or some other infraction?
Last Answer : I let them cut in front. There are more important things to worry about. I won’t let that get my blood pressure up.
Description : which of the following is a 6-point driving infraction in the state of florida? -General Knowledge
Last Answer : Conviction for unlawful speeding that results in a collision is a 6-point driving infraction in the state of Florida.
Description : What is NYS traffic infraction VTL 1201 0A?
Last Answer : Feel Free to Answer
Description : A willingness to accept a raise of $2 an hour rather than $3, to acknowledge partial agreement with a specific viewpoint, and to take a partial blame for an infraction are examples of: (a) avoiding. (b) collaborating. (c) accommodating. (d) compromising.
Last Answer : (d) compromising.
Description : What good anti-inflammatory painkillers are available for someone with allergies(details inside)?
Last Answer : Allergic reactions to ibuprofen. I doubt it. But if you say so, stick with acetaminophen. Just don’t drink.
Description : What form of over the counter anti-inflammatory medicine is safest for the liver and kidneys?
Last Answer : I have kidney disease, and my doctor says they are all off-limits to me. Despite that, I take a prescription NSAID for fibromyalgia twice a day, every day. I just have to keep up with my kidney function tests.
Description : What is the best anti-inflammatory for knee inflammation?
Last Answer : Need answer
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning tumor necrosis factor (TNF)? a. TNF is a product of activated macrophages secreted in response to contact with endotoxin or ... completed clinical trials of anti-TNF antibody in septic patients shows a marked improvement in survival
Last Answer : Answer: a, b Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a protein product of activated macrophages, is secreted in response to contact with endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide, antibody complexes, or ... patients utilizing infusion of monoclonal antibodies to the TNF molecule have shown no overall survival benefit
Description : Ketorolac: A. Is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) approved for intravenous, intramuscular, and oral administration. B. Can be used indefinitely for postoperative analgesia. C. Can cause renal dysfunction. D. May decrease surgical blood loss.
Last Answer : Answer: AC DISCUSSION: Ketorolac tromethamine, an NSAID, is approved by the FDA for intravenous, intramuscular, and oral administration. The agent is an effective analgesic with minimal side ... Additionally, it is recommended that ketorolac should not be used for more than 5 consecutive days
Description : Budesonide is a (a) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (b) High ceiling diuretic (c) Inhaled corticosteroid for asthma (d) Contraceptive
Description : Which of the following drugs is neither bronchodilator nor anti-inflammatory, but has antihistaminic and mast cell stabilizing activity ? (a) Sodium cromoglycate (b) Ketotifen (c) Beclomethasone dipropionate (d) Mepyramine maleate
Description : Select the correct statement about salmeterol. (a) It is a long acting selective ß2 agonist bronchodilator (b) It is a bronchodilator with anti-inflammatory property (c) It is a ß blocker that can be safely given to asthmatics (d) It is an antihistaminic with mast cells stabilizing property
Description : Corticosteroids exert anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the following enzyme (a) Cycloxygenase (b) Lipozygenase (c) Phospholipase - A (d) Phosphodiesterase
Description : Which of the following statements best describes the usual course of rheumatoid arthritis? (a) It is an acute exacerbation of joint pain treated with short-term anti-inflammatory therapy (b) It is ... characterized by a marked loss of calcium from the bones and a resultant thinning of the bones
Description : In addition to their ability to decrease inflammatory prostaglandin synthesis, some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may owe part of their effects to their ability to (a) Inhibit leukocyte migration (b ... (c) Stabilize lysosmal membranes (d) All of the above (e) None of the above
Description : Patients taking chronic doses of nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should periodically be screened for which of the following toxicities? (a) Nephrotoxicity (b) Peripheral neuropathy (c) Cardiotoxicity (d) All of the above (e) None of the above
Description : The primary objective for designing drugs that selectively inhibit COX - 2 is to (a) Decrease the risk of nephrotoxicity (b) Improve anti-inflammatory effectiveness (c) Lower the ... of treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (e) Selectively decrease thromboxane A2 without effects on other eicosanoids
Description : A 45-year-old surgeon has developed symmetric early morning stiffness in her hands. She wishes to take a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to relieve these symptoms and wants to avoid gastrointestinal side ... appropriate? (a) Aspirin (b) Celecoxib (c) Ibuprofen (d) Indomethacin (e) Piroxicam
Description : Thromboxane A2(TXA2): a. is derived from the membrane phospholipid b. its production is decreased by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs c. causes platelet aggregation d. all above
Last Answer : all above
Description : Which of the following statements reflects information to be included when teaching the patient about plantar fasciitis? a) Management of plantar fasciitis includes stretching exercises. ... Complications of plantar fasciitis include neuromuscular damage and decreased ankle range of motion.
Last Answer : a) Management of plantar fasciitis includes stretching exercises. Management also includes wearing shoes with support and cushioning to relieve pain, orthotic devices (e.g., heel cups, arch supports), and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Description : Which of the following newer pharmacological therapies used for the treatment of osteoarthritis is thought to improve cartilage function and retard degradation as well as have some antiinflammatory effects ... function and retard breakdown of cartilage. d) Capsaicin Capsaicin is a topical analgesic.
Last Answer : a) Viscosupplementation Viscosupplementation, the intraarticular injection of hyaluronic acid, is thought to improve cartilage function and retard degradation. It may also have some anti-inflammatory effects.
Description : Of the following classifications of medications, which is known to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis or release? a) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in large doses NSAIDs ... to cause immunosuppression. d) Antineoplastic agents Antineoplastic agents are known to cause immunosuppression.
Last Answer : a) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in large doses NSAIDs include aspirin and ibuprofen.
Description : male old patient has S&S of facial palsy ( LMNL) ; which of the following correct about it; A- almost most of the cases start to improve in 2ed weeks b- it need ttt by ... anti inflammatory c- contraindicated to give corticosteroid d- usually about 25 % of the cases has permanent affection
Last Answer : A- almost most of the cases start to improve in 2ed weeks
Description : By which of the following mechanism reduces Aspirin pain: A. It is anti inflammatory by the release of histamine B. It blocks the cyclo-oxygenase pathway.
Last Answer : B. It blocks the cyclo-oxygenase pathway.
Description : Select the correct statement about salmeterol: A. It is a long acting selective β2 agonist bronchodilator B. It is a bronchodilator with anti-inflammatory property C. It is a β blocker that can be safely given to asthmatics D. It is an antihistaminic with mast cell stabilizing property
Last Answer : A. It is a long acting selective β2 agonist bronchodilator
Description : Actions of oxytocin include the following except: A. Vasoconstriction B. Increased water reabsorption in renal collecting ducts C. Contraction of mammary myoepithelium D. Release of prostaglandins from endometrium
Last Answer : A. Vasoconstriction
Description : Predominant cell types in typical chronic inflammatory reactions include all of the following EXCEPT: A A. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes B. Macrophages C. T helper lymphocytes D. None of these
Last Answer : Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Description : Therapeutic dose of digoxin in a normal individual has the following effects, except (a) Increase in the speed of myocardial contractility (b) No significant change in cardiac output (c) Relaxation of peripheral vascular bed (d) Increase in the force of myocardial contractility
Description : Myocardial oxygen demand is increased by all of the following factors except (a) Exercise (b) Smoking (c) Cold temperatures (d) Isoproterenol (e) Propranolol
Last Answer : Ans: E
Description : Regarding morphine, all are true Except A. Respiratory depression ... effect B. Can be IV subcutaneously, rectally and epidurally C. Can cause nausea and vomiting D. Less effective against pain of myocardial ischemia