Description : The catabolite repression is mediated by a catabolite gene activator protein (CAP) in conjunction with (A) AMP (B) GMP (C) cAMP (D) Cgmp
Last Answer : Answer : C
Description : The best understood intracellular messenger is cyclic AMP (cAMP). Which of the following statement(s) concerning this intracellular messenger is/are correct? a. Intracellular cyclic AMP is constantly ... of adenylate cyclase d. cAMP is the only cyclic nucleotide active as an intracellular messenger
Last Answer : Answer: a, b The prototypic intracellular messenger is cAMP. To function as a mediator, the concentration of cAMP must change rapidly. In resting cells, cAMP is continuously being degraded by ... produce cGMP. Intracellular calcium ions also serve as second messengers in a large number of cells
Description : The activity of kinins is modulated by (A) Prostaglandins (B) Ca++ (C) Increased cAMP level (D) Increased cGMP level
Last Answer : Answer : A
Description : Binding of catecholamines to α2− adrenergic receptors (A) Increases the intracellular concentration of cAMP (B) Increases the intracellular concentration of cGMP (C) Decreases the intracellular concentration of cAMP (D) Decreases the intracellular concentration of cGMP
Description : Insulin decreases the activity of (A) cAMP dependent protein kinase (B) HMG CoA-reductas (C) Phosphodiesterase (D) Acetyl CoA-carboxylase
Description : Covalent modification of an enzyme generally requires a (A) Hormone (B) cAMP (C) Protein kinase (D) All of these
Last Answer : Answer : D
Description : Adipose tissue lacks (A) Hormone-sensitive lipase (B) Glycerol kinase (C) cAMP-dependent protein kinase (D) Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Last Answer : Answer : B
Description : Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to kidney function regulation? (a) When someone drinks lot of water, ADH release is suppressed. (b) Exposure to cold temperature ... During summer when body loses lot of water by evaporation, the release of ADH is suppressed.
Last Answer : (a) When someone drinks lot of water, ADH release is suppressed.
Description : The antiviral action of amantadine is exerted through: A. Interaction with the viral M2 protein B. Interaction with a virus directed thymidine kinase C. Inhibition of a viral protease enzyme D. Inhibition of viral RNA mediated DNA synthesi
Last Answer : A. Interaction with the viral M2 protein
Description : Tyrosine kinase activity is present in (A) Acetylcholine receptor (B) PDGF receptor (C) ADH receptor (D) All of these
Description : Cyclooxygenase-1 and –2 are responsible for (a) The synthesis of prostaglandins from arachidonate (b) The synthesis of leukotrienes from arachidonate (c) The conversion of ATP to cAMP (d) The metabolic degradation of cAMP (e) The conversion of GTP to cGMP
Last Answer : Ans: A
Description : Which one of the following is not a secondary messenger in hormone action? (a) cAMP (b) cGMP (c) Calcium (d) Sodium
Last Answer : d) Sodium
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the neuroendocrine responses to shock? a. Sympathetic nerve endings release epinephrine which is responsible for greater than 80% ... injury and sepsis d. The renin-angiotensin axis further augments the sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction
Last Answer : Answer: c, d The neuroendocrine response to shock attempts to achieve restoration of effective blood volume, mobilization of metabolic substrates, and maintenance of central ... . Angiotensin II is an extremely effective vasoconstrictor that further augments sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction
Description : Which of the following regulates lipolysis in adipocytes? (A) Activation of fatty acid synthesis mediated by CAMP (B) Glycerol phosphorylation to prevent futile esterification of fatty acids (C) ... result of hormone stimulated increases in CAMP levels (D) Activation of CAMP production by Insulin
Description : Urine specific gravity of 1.054 indicates (A) Excellent renal function (B) Inappropriate secretion of ADH (C) Extreme dehydration (D) Presence of glucose or protein
Description : Actions of 5-HT2 receptor activation are primarily mediated by: A. Increased membrane permeability to Na+ ions B. Increased formation of cAMP C. Activation of guanylyl cyclase D. Generation of inositol trisphosphate and diacyl glycerols
Last Answer : D. Generation of inositol trisphosphate and diacyl glycerols
Description : The second messenger for many hormones is (A) ATP (B) cyclic AMP (C) cGMP (D) UTP HORMONE METABOLISM 227
Description : Which of the following amino acids produce a vasoconstrictor on decarboxylation? (A) Histidine (B) Tyrosine (C) Threonine (D) Arginine
Description : Activated phospholipase C acts on (A) Phosphatidyl inositol-4, 5-biphosphate (B) Inositol-1, 4, 5-triphosphate (C) Protein kinase C (D) Pl-3 kinase
Description : The protein IRS-1 is phosphorylated by (A) Protein kinase A (B) Protein kinase C (C) Tyrosine kinase activity of insulin receptor (D) Tyrosine kinase activity of IGF-1 receptor
Description : All the following statements about epidermal growth factor are true except (A) It is a protein (B) It possess quaternary structure (C) Its receptor is made up of a single polypeptide chain (D) Its receptor possesses tyrosine kinase domain
Description : Protein kinase C is activated by (A) Cyclic AMP (B) Cyclic GMP (C) Diacyl glycerol (D) Inositol triphosphate
Description : Cyclic AMP binds to (A) Catalytic subunits of protein kinase (B) Regulatory subunits of protein kinase (C) Catalytic subunits of phosphorylase kinase (D) Regulatory subunits of phosphorylase kinase
Description : One of the following enzymes does not change glycogen synthase a to b. (A) Glycogen synthase kinases 3, 4, 5 (B) Ca2+ calmodulin phosphorylase kinase (C) Ca2+ calmodulin dependent protein kinase (D) Glycogen phosphorylase a
Last Answer : D
Description : Enalapril differs from captopril in that: A. It blocks angiotensin II receptors B. It does not produce cough as a side effect C. It is less liable to cause abrupt first dose hypotension D. It has a shorter duration of action
Last Answer : C. It is less liable to cause abrupt first dose hypotension
Description : Aldosterone release is stimulated by (A) α2-Globulin (B) Renin (C) Angiotensin II (D) Growth hormone
Description : In the rennin-angiotensin system the primary hormone is (A) Angiotensinogen (B) Angiotensin I (C) Angiotensin II (D) Angiotensin III
Description : Prostaglandin synfhesis is increased by activating phospholipases by (A) Mepacrine (B) Angiotensin II (C) Glucocorticoids (D) Indomenthacin
Description : Insulin has no effect on the activity of the enzyme: (A) Glycogen synthetase (B) Fructokinase (C) Pyruvate kinase (D) Pyruvate dehydrogenase
Description : In a normal nephron: a. the descending loop of Henle is impermeable to water b. anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) increases the permeability of collecting ducts to water c. all the filtered ... in the proximal tubule d. nearly all the filtered protein is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule
Last Answer : nearly all the filtered protein is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule
Description : Binding of RNA polymerase holoenzyme to the promoter region of lac operon is facilitated by (A) Catabolite gene activator protein (CAP) (B) cAMP (C) CAP-cAMP complex (D) None of these
Description : When a photon strikes the rhodopsin: a. bleaching occurs b. retinal molecules are bound to rhodopsin c. the intracellular cGMP is increased d. the sodium ion channels are closed
Last Answer : the sodium ion channels are closed
Description : Is coffee a vasodilator or vasoconstrictor?
Last Answer : What is the answer ?
Description : Which of the following insults or abnormalities most commonly causes ischemic stroke? a) Cocaine use Cocaine is a potent vasoconstrictor and may result in a life-threatening reaction ... strokes. d) Intracerebral aneurysm rupture Intracerebral aneurysm rupture is associated with hemorrhagic strokes.
Last Answer : a) Cocaine use Cocaine is a potent vasoconstrictor and may result in a life-threatening reaction, even with the individual’s first unprescribed use of the drug.
Description : In respect to Lidocaine 2% with 1:100000 vasoconstrictor, A. The toxic threshold is 22ml B. 8.8 ml is the maximum you can give in one session
Last Answer : A. The toxic threshold is 22ml
Description : Which local anaesthetic agent is preferred for a confirmed hypersensitive patient: A. 3% prilocaine with felypressin B. Mepivacaine 3% without vasoconstrictor **
Last Answer : B. Mepivacaine 3% without vasoconstrictor **
Description : Which of the following is the LEAST to cause toxicity from local anaesthetic injection: A. Injecting in supine position B. Injecting in vascular area C. Injecting without a vasoconstrictor D. Intravenous injections
Last Answer : A. Injecting in supine position
Description : Desmopressin is preferred over arginine vasopressin in the treatment of diabetes insipidus for the following reasons except: A. It is a more potent antidiuretic B. It is a selective vasopressin V1 receptor agonist C. It has little vasoconstrictor activity D. It is longer acting
Last Answer : B. It is a selective vasopressin V1 receptor agonist
Description : The following factor is not involved in the causation of hypotension due to spinal anaesthesia: A. Histamine release B. Reduced sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone C. Decreased venous return from the lower limbs D. Bradycardia
Last Answer : A. Histamine release
Description : Dihydroergotamine (DHE) differs from ergotamine in the following respect: A. It is a more potent oxytocic B. It has antiemetic property C. It has high oral bioavailability D. It is a more potent α adrenergic blocker and less potent vasoconstrictor
Last Answer : D. It is a more potent α adrenergic blocker and less potent vasoconstrictor
Description : During mechanism of action of insulin, protein kinase C is activated by
Last Answer : During mechanism of action of insulin, protein kinase C is activated by A. `PIP_2` B. `IP_3` C. `DG ` D. `Ca^(2+)`
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning cell membrane receptors? a. The largest family of cell surface receptors are the G-protein-linked receptors b. Activities of the ... through the use adenylate cyclase d. Tyrosine kinase receptors are considered G-protein-linked receptors
Last Answer : Answer: a, c All water-soluble regulatory molecules bind to the cell surface receptor proteins. Binding of the appropriate ligand evokes an intracellular signal which usually regulates ... are adenylate cyclase, which converts ATP to cAMP, and the polyphosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C
Description : With regard to membrane receptors for hormones: a. they are often glycoproteins b. they are important for hormones made up of steroid c. those for insulin exhibit an intrinsic protein kinase activity d. glucagon uses calcium as a second messenger
Last Answer : they are often glycoproteins
Description : What is a protein kinase?
Last Answer : The Cell Cycle Clock: Cyclins and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases •Two types of regulatory proteins are involved in cell cycle control: cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks)
Description : The insulin receptor is a: A. Ion channel regulating receptor B. Tyrosine protein kinase receptor C. G-protein coupled receptor D. None of the above
Last Answer : B. Tyrosine protein kinase receptor
Description : Agonist induced autophosphorylation, internalization and down regulation is a distinctive feature of: A. G-protein coupled receptors B. Intrinsic ion channel containing receptors C. Tyrosine protein kinase receptors D. Receptors regulating gene expression
Last Answer : C. Tyrosine protein kinase receptors
Description : Receptors perform the following function/functions: A. Ligand recognition B. Signal transduction C. Both ligand recognition and signal transduction D. Disposal of agonists and antagonists
Last Answer : D. Disposal of agonists and antagonists
Description : The following receptor type has 7 helical membrane spanning amino acid segments with 3 extracellular and 3 intracellular loops: A. Tyrosine protein kinase receptor B. Gene expression regulating receptor C. Intrinsic ion channel containing receptor D. G protein coupled receptor
Last Answer : D. G protein coupled receptor
Description : Clinically, the angiotensin antagonists share the following features of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors except: A. Antihypertensive efficacy B. Potential to reverse left ventricular hypertrophy ... of effect on carbohydrate tolerance D. Potential to induce cough in susceptible individuals
Last Answer : D. Potential to induce cough in susceptible individuals