Cervical cancer is a tumor or growth on the cervix, which is the lowest part of the uterus. All sexually active women are at risk for developing cervical cancer, with those who have had multiple partners having an increased risk. When detected early, cervical cancer is highly treatable and there are numerous treatment options available. The type of treatment chosen typically depends upon how early the cancer is detected. In addition, factors such as the age of the patient and whether or not they intend to have children, also factor into the decision. The most common treatment options are surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Surgery is a very common treatment for this condition and can range from a simple biopsy which removes just the cancerous portion, to a radial trachelectomy which involves the removal of the entire cervix. In more advanced cases, it is sometimes necessary to perform a hysterectomy and remove the uterus as well. If the cancer is detected early, surgical options have a very high rate of success in treating cervical cancer Radiation therapy for cervical cancer can often be done internally by implanting radioactive materials directly into the cervix or uterus. Using external radiation therapy machines is also an option. Radiation therapy is an effective method of treating cervical cancer, and may often be used in conjunction with other treatments such as chemotherapy and surgical options. Chemotherapy involves using specialized drugs to target specific cancer cells, and there are several varieties of chemotherapy drugs available which target cervical cancer. Chemotherapy may also be used before or after radiation therapy, in an effort to totally eradicate the cancer cells. As with any cancer treatments, there are side effects involved with each of these. Your doctor will consider many factors before discussing treatment options, including the stage of the cancer as well as your overall health and well-being. Early detection of cervical cancer provides the best chance for successful treatment, so it is important to have PAP smears performed on a regular basis.