Logical reasoning is based on: (A) Truth of involved propositions (B) Valid relation among the involved propositions (C) Employment of symbolic language (D) Employment of ordinary language

Logical reasoning is based on: (A) Truth of involved propositions (B) Valid relation among the involved propositions (C) Employment of symbolic language (D) Employment of ordinary language
by

1 Answer

Answer :

(B) Valid relation among the involved propositions
by

Related questions

Logical arguments are based on: (A) Scientific reasoning (B) Customary reasoning (C) Mathematical reasoning (D) Syllogistic reasoning

Description : Logical arguments are based on: (A) Scientific reasoning (B) Customary reasoning (C) Mathematical reasoning (D) Syllogistic reasoning

Last Answer : (D) Syllogistic reasoning

Given below are some characteristics of reasoning. Select the code that states a characteristic which is not of deductive reasoning: (A) The conclusion must be based on observation and experiment (B) The conclusion should be supported by the premise/premises (C) The conclusion must follow from the premise/premises necessarily (D) The argument may be valid or invalid

Description : Given below are some characteristics of reasoning. Select the code that states a characteristic which is not of deductive reasoning: (A) The conclusion must be based on observation and experiment ( ... must follow from the premise/premises necessarily (D) The argument may be valid or invalid

Last Answer : (A) The conclusion must be based on observation and experiment

Select the code, which is not correct about Venn diagram: (A) Venn diagram represents propositions as well as classes. (B) It can provide clear method of notation. (C) It can be either valid or invalid. (D) It can provide the direct method of testing the validity.

Description : Select the code, which is not correct about Venn diagram: (A) Venn diagram represents propositions as well as classes. (B) It can provide clear method of notation. (C) It can be either valid or invalid. (D) It can provide the direct method of testing the validity.

Last Answer : (C) It can be either valid or invalid. 

A Cluster of propositions with a structure that exhibits some inference is called (A) An inference (B) An argument (C) An explanation (D) A valid argument

Description : A Cluster of propositions with a structure that exhibits some inference is called (A) An inference (B) An argument (C) An explanation (D) A valid argument

Last Answer : Answer: B

When in a group of propositions, one proposition is claimed to follow from the others, that group of propositions is called (A) An argument (B) A valid argument (C) An explanation (D) An invalid argument

Description : When in a group of propositions, one proposition is claimed to follow from the others, that group of propositions is called (A) An argument (B) A valid argument (C) An explanation (D) An invalid argument

Last Answer : (A) An argument

Structure of logical argument is based on: (A) Formal validity (B) Material truth (C) Linguistic expression (D) Aptness of examples

Description : Structure of logical argument is based on: (A) Formal validity (B) Material truth (C) Linguistic expression (D) Aptness of examples

Last Answer : (A) Formal validity

If two standard form categorical propositions with the same subject and predicate are related in such a manner that if one is undetermined the other must be undetermined, what is their relation? (A) Contrary (B) Subcontrary (C) Contradictory (D) Subaltern

Description : If two standard form categorical propositions with the same subject and predicate are related in such a manner that if one is undetermined the other must be undetermined, what is their relation? (A) Contrary (B) Subcontrary (C) Contradictory (D) Subaltern 

Last Answer : (C) Contradictory

If two propositions having the same subject and predicate terms can both be true but cannot both be false, the relation between those two propositions is called (A) contradictory (B) contrary (C) subcontrary (D) subaltern

Description : If two propositions having the same subject and predicate terms can both be true but cannot both be false, the relation between those two propositions is called (A) contradictory (B) contrary (C) subcontrary (D) subaltern

Last Answer : (C) subcontrary

If two propositions cannot both be false but may both be true, what is the relation between the two propositions ? (A) Contrary (B) Sub-contrary (C) Sub-alternation (D) Contradictory

Description : If two propositions cannot both be false but may both be true, what is the relation between the two propositions ? (A) Contrary (B) Sub-contrary (C) Sub-alternation (D) Contradictory

Last Answer : (B) Sub-contrary

Given below are some characteristics of logical argument. Select the code which expresses a characteristic which is not of inductive in character. (A) The conclusion is claimed to follow from its premises. (B) The conclusion is based on causal relation. (C) The conclusion conclusively follows from its premises. (D) The conclusion is based on observation and experiment

Description : Given below are some characteristics of logical argument. Select the code which expresses a characteristic which is not of inductive in character. (A) The conclusion is claimed to follow from ... conclusively follows from its premises. (D) The conclusion is based on observation and experiment

Last Answer : (C) The conclusion conclusively follows from its premises. 

Identify the incorrect statement: (A) A hypothesis is made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigations. (B) A hypothesis is a basis for reasoning without any assumption of its truth. (C) Hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon. (D) Scientific hypothesis is a scientific theory.

Description : Identify the incorrect statement: (A) A hypothesis is made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigations. (B) A hypothesis is a basis for reasoning without ... is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon. (D) Scientific hypothesis is a scientific theory.

Last Answer : (D) Scientific hypothesis is a scientific theory. 

Among the following propositions two are related in such a way that they cannot both be true but can both be false. Select the code that states those two propositions. Propositions: (a) Every student is attentive. (b) Some students are attentive (c) Students are never attentive (d) Some students are not attentive (A) (a) and (b) (B) (a) and (c) (C) (b) and (c) (D) (c) and (d)

Description : Among the following propositions two are related in such a way that they cannot both be true but can both be false. Select the code that states those two propositions. Propositions: (a) Every student is attentive. (b) Some students are ... ) (a) and (c) (C) (b) and (c) (D) (c) and (d)

Last Answer : Answer: B 

Among the following propositions two are related in such a way that one is the denial of the other. Which are those propositions? Select the correct code: Propositions: (a) All women are equal to men (b) Some women are equal to men (c) Some women are not equal to men (d) No women are equal to men Codes: (A) (a) and (b) (B) (a) and (d) (C) (c) and (d) (D) (a) and (c)

Description : Among the following propositions two are related in such a way that one is the denial of the other. Which are those propositions? Select the correct code: Propositions: (a) All women are equal to men (b) Some women are equal to ... (b) (B) (a) and (d) (C) (c) and (d) (D) (a) and (c)

Last Answer : Answer: D

Among the following propositions two arc related in such a way that they can both be true although they cannot both be false. Which are those propositions? Select the correct code. Propositions: (a) Some priests are cunning. (b) No priest is cunning. (c) All priests are cunning. (d) Some priests are not cunning. Codes: (A) (a) and (b) (B) (c) and (d) (C) (a) and (c) (D) (a) and (d)

Description : Among the following propositions two arc related in such a way that they can both be true although they cannot both be false. Which are those propositions? Select the correct code. Propositions: (a) Some priests are cunning. (b) No priest ... (b) (B) (c) and (d) (C) (a) and (c) (D) (a) and (d)

Last Answer : Answer: D

In communication, the language is: (A) The non-verbal code (B) The verbal code (C) Intrapersonal (D) The symbolic code

Description : In communication, the language is: (A) The non-verbal code (B) The verbal code (C) Intrapersonal (D) The symbolic code 

Last Answer : (B) The verbal code

In communication, the language is (A) the non-verbal code (B) the verbal code (C) the symbolic code (D) the iconic code

Description : In communication, the language is (A) the non-verbal code (B) the verbal code (C) the symbolic code (D) the iconic code

Last Answer : Answer: B Language enables individuals to give expression to their feelings, ideas, and concerns. As they mature, it is through language that they will communicate their personal needs and claim their rightful place in society

If two propositions are connected in such a way that they cannot both be false although they may both be true, then their relationship is called (A) Contrary (B) Subcontrary (C) Contradictory (D) Subalternation

Description : If two propositions are connected in such a way that they cannot both be false although they may both be true, then their relationship is called (A) Contrary (B) Subcontrary (C) Contradictory (D) Subalternation

Last Answer : (B) Subcontrary

If the proposition ‘All thieves are poor’ is false, which of the following propositions can be claimed certainly to be true? Propositions: (A) Some thieves are poor. (B) Some thieves are not poor. (C) No thief is poor. (D) No poor person is a thief

Description : If the proposition ‘All thieves are poor’ is false, which of the following propositions can be claimed certainly to be true? Propositions: (A) Some thieves are poor. (B) Some thieves are not poor. (C) No thief is poor. (D) No poor person is a thief

Last Answer : (B) Some thieves are not poor.

If the proposition ‘No men are honest’ is taken to be false which of the following proposition/propositions can be claimed certainly to be true? Propositions: (A) All men are honest (B) Some men are honest (C) Some men are not honest (D) No honest person is man

Description : If the proposition ‘No men are honest’ is taken to be false which of the following proposition/propositions can be claimed certainly to be true? Propositions: (A) All men are honest (B) Some men are honest (C) Some men are not honest (D) No honest person is man 

Last Answer : (B) Some men are honest 

If two propositions having the same subject and predicate terms are such that one is the denial of the other, the relationship between them is called (A) Contradictory (B) Contrary (C) Sub-contrary (D) Sub-alternation

Description : If two propositions having the same subject and predicate terms are such that one is the denial of the other, the relationship between them is called (A) Contradictory (B) Contrary (C) Sub-contrary (D) Sub-alternation

Last Answer : (A) Contradictory

Two propositions with the same subject and predicate terms but different in quality are: (A) Contradictory (B) Contrary (C) Subaltern (D) Identical

Description : Two propositions with the same subject and predicate terms but different in quality are: (A) Contradictory (B) Contrary (C) Subaltern (D) Identical

Last Answer : (C) Subaltern

Good evaluation of written material should not be based on: (A) Linguistic expression (B) Logical presentation (C) Ability to reproduce whatever is read (D) Comprehension of subject

Description : Good evaluation of written material should not be based on: (A) Linguistic expression (B) Logical presentation (C) Ability to reproduce whatever is read (D) Comprehension of subject

Last Answer : (D) Comprehension of subject

A _________ is used to demonstrate, on a purely syntactic basis, that one formula is a logical consequence of another formula. a) Deductive Systems b) Inductive Systems c) Reasoning with Knowledge Based Systems d) Search Based Systems

Description : A _________ is used to demonstrate, on a purely syntactic basis, that one formula is a logical consequence of another formula. a) Deductive Systems b) Inductive Systems c) Reasoning with Knowledge Based Systems d) Search Based Systems

Last Answer : a) Deductive Systems

Which one among the following is not a characteristic of a deductive type of argument ? (A) The conclusion follows from the premise/premises necessarily. (B) The argument admits degree of complexity. (C) The argument provides us knowledge about matters of fact. (D) The argument must be either valid or invalid.

Description : Which one among the following is not a characteristic of a deductive type of argument ? (A) The conclusion follows from the premise/premises necessarily. (B) The argument admits degree of complexity. ( ... provides us knowledge about matters of fact. (D) The argument must be either valid or invalid.

Last Answer : (C) The argument provides us knowledge about matters of fact.

Which of the following conclusions is logically valid based on statement given below? Statement: Most of the Indian states existed before independence. Conclusions: (I) Some Indian States existed before independence. (II) All Indian States did not exist before independence. (A) only (I) is implied (B) only (II) is implied (C) Both (I) and (II) are implied (D) Neither (I) nor (II) is implied

Description : Which of the following conclusions is logically valid based on statement given below? Statement: Most of the Indian states existed before independence. Conclusions: (I) Some Indian States existed before independence. (II) ... ) Both (I) and (II) are implied (D) Neither (I) nor (II) is implied

Last Answer : (B) only (II) is implied

Which of the following conclusions is logically valid based on statement given below? Statement: Most teachers are hard working. Conclusions: (I) Some teachers are hard working. (II) Some teachers are not hard working. (A) Only (I) is implied (B) Only (II) is implied (C) Both (I) and (II) are implied (D) Neither (I) nor (II) is implied

Description : Which of the following conclusions is logically valid based on statement given below? Statement: Most teachers are hard working. Conclusions: (I) Some teachers are hard working. (II) Some teachers are not hard working. ... (C) Both (I) and (II) are implied (D) Neither (I) nor (II) is implied

Last Answer : (C) Both (I) and (II) are implied

Can you figure out this basic symbolic reasoning puzzle?

Description : Can you figure out this basic symbolic reasoning puzzle?

Last Answer : Nope

Universal or Particular is the classification of the propositions on the basis of _______. A) Quantity B) Quality C) Validity D) Truth.

Description : Universal or Particular is the classification of the propositions on the basis of _______. A) Quantity B) Quality C) Validity D) Truth. 

Last Answer : A) Quantity 

Affirmative or Negative is the classification of propositions on the basis of _________. A) Quantity B) Quality C) Validity D) Truth.

Description : Affirmative or Negative is the classification of propositions on the basis of _________. A) Quantity B) Quality C) Validity D) Truth. 

Last Answer : B) Quality 

Truth or Falsehood may be predicated of --------. A) arguments B) inferences C) propositions D) syllogism

Description : Truth or Falsehood may be predicated of --------. A) arguments B) inferences C) propositions D) syllogism 

Last Answer :  C) propositions

Let P(m,n) be the statement “m divides n” where the Universe of discourse for both the variables is the set of positive integers. Determine the truth values of the following propositions. (a) ∃m ∀n P(m,n) (b) ∀n P(1,n) (c) ∀m ∀n P(m,n) (A) (a)-True; (b)-True; (c)-False (B) (a)-True; (b)-False; (c)-False (C) (a)-False; (b)-False; (c)-False (D) (a)-True; (b)-True; (c)-True

Description : Let P(m,n) be the statement m divides n where the Universe of discourse for both the variables is the set of positive integers. Determine the truth values of the following propositions. (a) ∃m ∀n P(m,n) (b) ∀n P(1,n) ( ... -False (C) (a)-False; (b)-False; (c)-False (D) (a)-True; (b)-True; (c)-True

Last Answer : Answer: A

Which is not a desirable property of a logical rule-based system? a) Locality b) Attachment c) Detachment d) Truth-Functionality e) Global attribute

Description : Which is not a desirable property of a logical rule-based system? a) Locality b) Attachment c) Detachment d) Truth-Functionality e) Global attribute

Last Answer : b) Attachment

When you are in dispute with your wife on some family issues but realize that she has adequate reasoning in those matters, then how would you like to solve these disputes? Options: A) You accept the reasoning and withdraw yourself B) You never crumble down your own ego C) You attempt to assault her physically and mentally D) You try to solve the dispute within reasonable limits before it aggravates

Description : When you are in dispute with your wife on some family issues but realize that she has adequate reasoning in those matters, then how would you like to solve these disputes? Options: A) ... physically and mentally D) You try to solve the dispute within reasonable limits before it aggravates

Last Answer : D) You try to solve the dispute within reasonable limits before it aggravates 

For advancing knowledge, the latest strategy used by mankind is (A) consulting an authority (B) deductive reasoning (C) scientific thinking (D) inductive reasonin

Description : For advancing knowledge, the latest strategy used by mankind is (A) consulting an authority (B) deductive reasoning (C) scientific thinking (D) inductive reasoning

Last Answer : (C) scientific thinking

Inductive reasoning is grounded on: (A) Harmony of nature (B) Integrity of nature (C) Unity of nature (D) Uniformity of nature

Description : Inductive reasoning is grounded on: (A) Harmony of nature (B) Integrity of nature (C) Unity of nature (D) Uniformity of nature

Last Answer : (D) Uniformity of nature

Inductive reasoning presupposes (A) unity in human nature (B) integrity in human nature (C) uniformity in human nature (D) harmony in human nature

Description : Inductive reasoning presupposes (A) unity in human nature (B) integrity in human nature (C) uniformity in human nature (D) harmony in human nature

Last Answer : Answer: C

Reasoning by analogy leads to (A) certainty (B) definite conclusion (C) predictive conjecture (D) surety

Description : Reasoning by analogy leads to (A) certainty (B) definite conclusion (C) predictive conjecture (D) surety

Last Answer : (C) predictive conjecture

A reasoning where we start with certain particular statements and conclude with a universal statement is called (A) Deductive Reasoning (B) Inductive Reasoning (C) Abnormal Reasoning (D) Transcendental Reasoning

Description : A reasoning where we start with certain particular statements and conclude with a universal statement is called (A) Deductive Reasoning (B) Inductive Reasoning (C) Abnormal Reasoning (D) Transcendental Reasoning

Last Answer : (D) Transcendental Reasoning

Syllogistic reasoning is: (A) Deductive (B) Inductive (C) Experimental (D) Hypothetical

Description : Syllogistic reasoning is: (A) Deductive (B) Inductive (C) Experimental (D) Hypothetical

Last Answer : (A) Deductive

Deductive reasoning proceeds from (A) general to particular (B) particular to general (C) one general conclusion to another general conclusion (D) one particular conclusion to another particular conclusion

Description : Deductive reasoning proceeds from (A) general to particular (B) particular to general (C) one general conclusion to another general conclusion (D) one particular conclusion to another particular conclusion

Last Answer : (A) general to particular

Research can be conducted by a person who : (A) has studied research methodology (B) holds a postgraduate degree (C) possesses thinking and reasoning ability (D) is a hard worker

Description : Research can be conducted by a person who : (A) has studied research methodology (B) holds a postgraduate degree (C) possesses thinking and reasoning ability (D) is a hard worker

Last Answer : (A) has studied research methodology

Which of the following statement is not correct ? (A) Lecture Method can develop reasoning (B) Lecture Method can develop knowledge (C) Lecture Method is one way process (D) During Lecture Method students are passive

Description : Which of the following statement is not correct ? (A) Lecture Method can develop reasoning (B) Lecture Method can develop knowledge (C) Lecture Method is one way process (D) During Lecture Method students are passive

Last Answer : (A) Lecture Method can develop reasoning

The main aim of teaching is: (A) To develop only reasoning (B) To develop only thinking (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) To give information

Description : The main aim of teaching is: (A) To develop only reasoning (B) To develop only thinking (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) To give information

Last Answer : Answer: C

______ opposition is the relation between two propositions having the same subject and predicate but differing in quantity only. A) Contrary B) Contradictory C) Subaltern D) Sub-contrary.

Description :  ______ opposition is the relation between two propositions having the same subject and predicate but differing in quantity only. A) Contrary B) Contradictory C) Subaltern D) Sub-contrary. 

Last Answer : C) Subaltern

The relation between two particular propositions having the same subject and predicate but differing in quality is _________opposition. A) contrary B) Contradictory C) subalternation D) sub-contrary.

Description : The relation between two particular propositions having the same subject and predicate but differing in quality is _________opposition. A) contrary B) Contradictory C) subalternation D) sub-contrary. 

Last Answer : D) sub-contrary. 

___________ is the relation between two propositions having the same subject but differing in both quality and quantity. A) Contrary opposition B) Contradictory opposition C) Subalternation D) Sub- contrary.

Description :  ___________ is the relation between two propositions having the same subject but differing in both quality and quantity. A) Contrary opposition B) Contradictory opposition C) Subalternation D) Sub- contrary. 

Last Answer : B) Contradictory opposition

__________ is the relation between two universal propositions having the same subject but differing in quality only. A) Contrary opposition B) Contradictory opposition C) Subaltern D) Sub- contrary.

Description : __________ is the relation between two universal propositions having the same subject but differing in quality only. A) Contrary opposition B) Contradictory opposition C) Subaltern D) Sub- contrary.

Last Answer : A) Contrary opposition