State the factors affecting compaction. State four equipments used for field methods of compaction. Also state its suitability.

State the factors affecting compaction. State four equipments used for field methods of compaction. Also state its suitability.
by

1 Answer

Answer :

Factors affecting compaction:

i) Type of soil

ii) Amount of compaction

iii) Water content

iv) Admixtures

v) Method of compaction

Equipment used for compaction with suitability.

i) Compaction by Rolling:

a) Smooth wheel rollers:

Suitability: These rollers best suitable for subgrade or base coarse compaction of cohesion less soils.

b) Pneumatic tyred rollers:

Suitability: Pneumatic tyred rollers are effective for compacting cohesive as well as cohesion less soils.

Light rollers are effective for compacting soil layers of small thickness.

c) Sheep foot roller:

Suitability: Suitable only for fine grained soil.

ii) Compaction by Rammers:

Suitability: Suitable for all types of soil.

iii) Compaction by vibratory compactors:

 The vibrating equipment, mounted on screeds, plates or rollers are of two types.

a) Dropping weight type.

 b) Pulsating hydraulic type.

 Suitability: Suitable for compacting granular soils with no fines in layer up to 1 m thickness.
by

Related questions

Give suitability of any four compaction equipments.

Description : Give suitability of any four compaction equipments. 

Last Answer : i) Smooth wheel rollers : Suitability: These rollers best suitable for 5ubgrade or base coarse compaction of cohesion less soils. , ii) Pneumatic tyred rollers: Suitability: Pneumatic tyred rollers ... : Suitable for compacting granular soils. with no fines in layer up to 1 m thickness.

State suitability of following compaction equipments (i) Smooth wheel roller (ii) Sheep foot roller, (iii) Rammer and (iv) Vibrator

Description : State suitability of following compaction equipments (i) Smooth wheel roller (ii) Sheep foot roller, (iii) Rammer and (iv) Vibrator

Last Answer : Types of Compaction Equipment: - i) Compaction by Rolling: - a) Smooth wheel rollers : Suitability: These rollers best suitable for 5ubgrade or base coarse compaction of cohesion less soils. ... : Suitable for compacting granular soils. with no fines in layer up to 1 m thickness

State any four factors affecting compaction with their effect.

Description : State any four factors affecting compaction with their effect.

Last Answer : Following the different factors affecting compaction of soil with their effect: Water content : When water content is less i.e. dry soil , compaction is not better , but when water ... better compaction. Hence lesser thickness of soil layers can be effectively compacted to required density.

State field methods of compactions. Explain suitability of various compaction equipments.

Description : State field methods of compactions. Explain suitability of various compaction equipments. 

Last Answer : Field methods of compactions: 1. Compaction by rolling 2. Compaction by ramming 3. Compaction by tamping 4. Compaction by vibration Suitability of various compaction equipments. 1. Smooth ... both flexible and rigid pavement. It is also suitable for compacting granular soils with no fines.

Define compaction and write any three rollers used for compaction with their suitability.

Description : Define compaction and write any three rollers used for compaction with their suitability.

Last Answer : Compaction: Instant compression of soil under dynamic load is called compaction. Rollers with their suitability a) Smooth wheel rollers: Suitability: These rollers best suitable for subgrade or base coarse ... thickness. c) Sheep foot roller: Suitability: Suitable only for fine grained soil. 

Determine the practical applications of various types of compaction equipments.

Description : Determine the practical applications of various types of compaction equipments.

Last Answer : Practical applications of compaction equipments: 1. Compaction by rolling: a) Smooth Wheel Rollers: These rollers best suitable for subgrade or base coarse compaction of cohesion less soils. b) Pneumatic ... It is suitable for compacting granular soils with no fines in layer up to 1 m.

Explain different methods of field compaction of soil.

Description : Explain different methods of field compaction of soil.

Last Answer : Methods of field compaction of soil i) Rolling- In this method, soil is compacted by using 6-8 tonne heavy rollers. The rollers are selected as per type of soil. Due to ... compactors. Vibrations of large amplitude, rearrange the soil particles together and hence overall compaction takes place.

State the factors affecting permeability.

Description : State the factors affecting permeability.

Last Answer : Followings are the factors which affect permeability: 1. Particle Size or diameter of soil particle 2. Impurities in water 3. Void ratio 4. Degree of Saturation 5. Adsorbed water 6. ... layer 8. Properties of pore fluid i.e. viscosity and temperature 9. Shape of particle

Define weathering and write the factors affecting weathering.

Description : Define weathering and write the factors affecting weathering. 

Last Answer : Weathering: The process by which the rocks is decayed, disintegrated & de-composited with the action of the physical agent of atmosphere like wind, water & ice is called as weathering. Factors affecting ... Steep slope b. Gentle slope. 3. Climate 4. Vegetation cover & organisms. 5. Time

Define compaction and state purpose of compaction.

Description : Define compaction and state purpose of compaction.

Last Answer : Define Compaction : Instant compression of soil under dynamic load is called compaction Purpose of compaction : 1. To increase density and thereby shear strength and bearing capacity of soil, this is ... of earth dam. 5.To increase resistance towards erossion of soil by rain and other causes.

State any two purpose of compaction.

Description : State any two purpose of compaction.

Last Answer : Purpose of compaction 1. To increase density and thereby shear strength and bearing capacity of soil, this is required in case of slope stability improvement. 2.To decrease the permeability of soil, this ... of earth dam. 5. To increase resistance towards erosion of soil by rain and other causes.

State the step by step procedure for determination of OMC and MDD using standard proctor test and explain compaction curve.

Description : State the step by step procedure for determination of OMC and MDD using standard proctor test and explain compaction curve. 

Last Answer : Procedure: 1. Take about 5 Kg. of de-aired soil passing through sieve 20mm in tray. 2. Add about 4% water (approximately 120ml) to the soil and mixed thoroughly with trowel and cover it ... decreases. Since there is formation of double layer of water around soil particles in the same volume.  

State any four methods to find water content of soil sample.

Description : State any four methods to find water content of soil sample. 

Last Answer : The direct determination of moisture content can be made by a) Oven drying b) Infrared c) Sand bath method. The indirect method are a) Calcium carbide b) Penetration resistance (proctor needle) c) Nuclear d) Pycnometer 

Write any four methods of improving bearing capacity.

Description : Write any four methods of improving bearing capacity.

Last Answer : Methods of improving bearing capacity of soil. i. By increasing depth of foundation: At deeper depths the over burden pressure on soil is higher hence soil is more compacted at deeper depth. As ... In this method poor soil bearing strata is hardened by injecting the cement grout under pressure. 

State any four factors which affect shear strength of soil

Description : State any four factors which affect shear strength of soil

Last Answer : Shear strength is affected by i) Soil composition Mineralogy, grain size, shape of soil particles, pore fluid type and content, clay content. ii) Initial State Loose, ... Drainage conditions Undrained, drained vii) Stress conditions deviator stress, confining stress, intermediate stress 

State any four Field situations of shear failure .

Description : State any four Field situations of shear failure .

Last Answer : Field situations where shear failure occurs: 1) Upstream slope of earth dam , especially during sudden draw down 2)Earth behind retaining wall, especially surcharge 3)Under foundation along planes of maximum shear 4) Sub grades of road. 5) Embankment of road 6) Abutment of bridges

State and explain any four field applications of Geotechnical Engineering.

Description : State and explain any four field applications of Geotechnical Engineering.

Last Answer : Field applications of Geotechnical Engineering are as follows:  1. Design of foundation for various structures: Foundation is required to transfer the load of super structure to foundation soil and to ... of beds. GTE is necessary to study shear strength, permeability of soil for such structure.

Explain any four field applications of Geotechnical Engineering.

Description : Explain any four field applications of Geotechnical Engineering.

Last Answer : The Field application of GTE as a) Foundation design b) Pavement design c) Design of earth retaining structures d) Design of earthen dams e) Design of embankment slopes f) ... Underground structures The shape of tunnel depends on the type of soil, geological stability of beds  

State different methods of soil stabilization and explain any one

Description : State different methods of soil stabilization and explain any one

Last Answer : i) Mechanical stabilization - It is the process of improving properties of soil by changing its gradation. It depends on mechanical strength of aggregate, mineral composition etc Eg - Compaction at near ... help to drain water, increase strength, decrease mixing of soil, filters the water etc. 

Define shear strength of soil and state field situations of shear failure.

Description : Define shear strength of soil and state field situations of shear failure. 

Last Answer : Shear Strength of Soil: Shear strength is a term used in soil mechanics to describe the magnitude of the shear stress that a soil can sustain. . Field situations where shear failure occurs 1) ... wall, especially surcharge 3)Under foundation along planes of maximum shear 4) Sub grades of road.

State any four physical properties of minerals.

Description : State any four physical properties of minerals. 

Last Answer : i) External appearance and Internal Structure ii) Cleavage iii) Fracture iv) Hardness v) Specific gravity vi) Colour vii) Steak viii) Luster

State and briefly explain any four physical properties of minerals.

Description : State and briefly explain any four physical properties of minerals. 

Last Answer : Minerals have distinguishing physical properties that in most cases can be use to determine the identity of the mineral. Among the various properties crystal, habit, cleavage, hardness, density, luster, ... volume of water) Colour: color is sometimes an extremely diagnostic property of mineral

State any four causes and two effects of earthquake

Description : State any four causes and two effects of earthquake 

Last Answer : Possible cause of an earthquake are classified into below categories i) Movement of tectonic plates ii) Volcanic eruption iii) Anthropogenic sources iv) Dams v) Use of explosives vi) Sport games ... ground rupture. ii) Landslides and Avalanches iii) Fires iv) Soil liquefaction v) Tsunamis

State any four importance of soil in civil engineering.

Description : State any four importance of soil in civil engineering. 

Last Answer : 1. Soil is more suitable in embankment fills and retaining pond beds after their construction. 2. Soil is also suitable for foundation but require compactions as without compaction structure may collapse. 3. ... earthen dams. 8. For Water bound macadam roads soil is used as a binder material. 

State any Four importance of Geology.

Description : State any Four importance of Geology.

Last Answer : 1. It is used to study different properties of rocks. 2. For any heavy construction project study of geology is required. 3. Geology provides a systematic knowledge of construction materials, their ... and buildings are directly related with geology of the area where they are to be built. 

State any four types of minerals with properties depending on light and state of aggregation.

Description : State any four types of minerals with properties depending on light and state of aggregation. 

Last Answer : State any four types of minerals with properties depending on light and state of aggregation.  

State four branches of Geology.

Description : State four branches of Geology.

Last Answer : 1. Physical Geology 2. Geomorphology 3. Mineralogy 4. Petrology 5. Structural geology 6. Stratigraphy 7. Palaeontology

State any four characteristics of flow net with sketch.

Description : State any four characteristics of flow net with sketch.

Last Answer : Characteristics of flow net: 1. The flow lines and equipotential lines in the flow net intersects each other orthogonally 2. The area or field formed due to intersection of these lines is approximately ... of flow. 5. The potential drop between two adjacent equipotential lines is same.

State any four considerations to construct earthquake resistant structures.

Description : State any four considerations to construct earthquake resistant structures.

Last Answer : Considerations to construct earthquake resistant structures: 1. The foundation should be provided over the hard rock with no sign of faults. 2. The building should be symmetrical and rectangular in plan. 3. ... mm. 9. The column should be short or made up of steel material as far as possible.

State any four effects of earthquake.

Description : State any four effects of earthquake.

Last Answer : Effect of earthquake: 1. Destruction of various Civil Engineering structures 2. Formation of irregularities (unevenness) on ground 3. Sudden landslides along hill slopes 4. Change in river course 5. ... tidal waves 7. Fire exposure due to short circuiting 8. Loss of human life and property

State any four causes of earthquake.

Description : State any four causes of earthquake. 

Last Answer : Causes of earthquake:  1. Volcanic eruption: Earthquakes may also occur in volcanic regions and are caused by the movement of magma in volcanoes.  2. Tectonic movements: Most naturally ... : The detonation of powerful explosives such as nuclear explosions can cause low magnitude ground shaking.

Stat field applications of geotechnical engineering

Description : Stat field applications of geotechnical engineering

Last Answer : The field of geotechnical Engineering includes some important applications as: a) Foundation design b) Pavement Design c) Design of earth retaining structures  d) Design of earth dams e) Design of ... at which maximum Density will occur is most essential for the design of earthen dam.

Enlist field identification test on soil and explain dilatency test.

Description : Enlist field identification test on soil and explain dilatency test.

Last Answer : Field Identification test on soil:- 1) Dry Strength Test 2) Dilatency Test 3) Toughness Test 4) Organic content and colour test 5) Visual examination. 6) Other identification test. ... and recorded. Inorganic silts show a quick reaction where as clays shows no reaction or slow reaction.

Enlist any four physical properties of minerals.

Description : Enlist any four physical properties of minerals.

Last Answer : i) Colour ii) Luster iii) Streak iv) Hardness v) Cleavage vi) Fracture vii) Tenacity viii) Structure (form) ix) Specific gravity x) Miscellaneous-Magnetic, Electrical. 

Write any four uses of Soil Stabilization.

Description : Write any four uses of Soil Stabilization. 

Last Answer : Uses of Soil Stabilization is as follows, 1. To increase the shear strength of soil. 2. To reduce construction cost by use of locally available material. 3. To improve stability of slopes. 4. ... settlement of structures. 6. To increase the density of soil. 7. To reduce permeability of soil. 

Write any four assumptions of Rankine’s theory made for non-cohesive soils.

Description : Write any four assumptions of Rankine’s theory made for non-cohesive soils.

Last Answer : Assumption of Rankines Theory for non-cohesive soils : i. The soil is semi-infinite, homogenous, dry and cohesion less. ii. The soil element is in the state of plastic equilibrium. iii ... and smooth. v. The wall yield about the base thus satisfies deformation condition for plastic equilibrium. 

Write any four uses of particle size distribution curve.

Description : Write any four uses of particle size distribution curve. 

Last Answer : Particle size distribution curve (PSDC) is the semi log graph drawn as sieve size versus % finer of given soil sample. The PSDC is useful for grading of soil i.e. classification of soil ... When graph is of wavy nature indicating particles of only specific size and deficiency of other sizes. 

Write any four importance of geology in Civil Engineering.

Description : Write any four importance of geology in Civil Engineering. 

Last Answer : Importance of geology in civil engineering. 1. It provides a systematic knowledge of construction materials, their structure and properties. 2. The knowledge of erosion, Transportation and deposition by ... 8. Pre-geological survey of the area concerned reduces the cost of engineering works. 

Define any four types of folds and explain any one.

Description : Define any four types of folds and explain any one.

Last Answer : State any four types of folds and explain any one. Types of Folds: 1. Based on appearance in cross section. i. Anticline fold ii. Syncline fold 2. Based on position of ... unsymmetrical nature. The angle of both limbs may be 600 and 300 with horizontal indicating asymmetrical fold.

What is a fold and state its types ?

Description : What is a fold and state its types ? 

Last Answer : Fold: It is defined as undulations or curvatures developed in the rocks of the crust as a result of stresses to which these rocks have been subjected from time to time in the past history of the earth. ... open fold and thickness is more at trough and crest at the limbs is called closed fold.

Define Flow Net and state its characteristic

Description : Define Flow Net and state its characteristic

Last Answer : Flow Net: - The grid, mesh or net formed by intersection of equipotential line and flow a line is called as flow net. Characteristic of Flow Net: - i) In a flow net, flow lines ... approximately squares. v) The flow net is representative of the flow pattern and dissipation of the hydraulic head.

Define geology and state its branches.

Description : Define geology and state its branches.

Last Answer : Geology: Geology is the science of study of the solid matter that constitutes the Earth. Encompassing such things as rocks, soil, gemstones, geology studies, the composition, structure, physical properties ... geology ix. Applied geology x. Hydrology xi. Indian geology xii. photo-geology

Define fault and state its classification

Description : Define fault and state its classification

Last Answer : Fault: The fractures along which there has been relative movement of the blocks past each other. The entire process of development of fractures and displacement of the blocks against each other is termed as ... by a movement of the disrupted blocks along a medical poit called the hinge point.  

Define Soil Stabilization. State any three points of necessary of soil stabilization.

Description : Define Soil Stabilization. State any three points of necessary of soil stabilization.

Last Answer : Define: - Soil Stabilization is defined as improving the engineering performance of soil by artificial means. Necessity of Soil Stabilization : - 1. To increase the shear strength of soil. 2. To reduce ... of structures. 6. To increase the density of soil. 7. To reduce permeability of soil.

State the types of earthquakes based on focus and Richter scale.

Description : State the types of earthquakes based on focus and Richter scale. 

Last Answer : Earthquakes based on focus distributed in three general depth ranges: i) Shallow earthquakes originate within about 60 kilometers of the surfaces ii) Intermediate earthquakes have foci between 60 to 300 ... causes several damages iii) Magnitude 2 represents the smallest tremor that can be felt. 

State the procedure for the determination of water content by oven-drying method.

Description : State the procedure for the determination of water content by oven-drying method.

Last Answer : i) This is commonly adopted and simplest method for determination of water content of a soil sample in the laboratory. ii) The method basically consists of drying a weighed moist sample of soil in an oven ... The above table gives the minimum quantity of soil sample to be taken for test.  

What is meant by geologic cycle? State the types of weathering and explain brief.

Description : What is meant by geologic cycle? State the types of weathering and explain brief.

Last Answer : Geologic cycle: The most important of these begins with molten magma from within the earth crystallizing into rock then continues with the rock being broken down into soil and that soil then being ... the break down and decay of rock indeed their part in soil formation is of major significance

State formation and classification of soil.

Description : State formation and classification of soil.

Last Answer : Soils are formed by numerous process of weathering both physical and chemical. A boulder pried loose from the side of mountain by rapidly flowing water of river and came along with the water ay has result of ... parent rocks. a) Colluvial soil b) Alluvial soil c) Glacial soil d) Eolian soil

Define minerals and state any six properties of minerals.

Description : Define minerals and state any six properties of minerals.

Last Answer : Minerals have distinguishing physical properties that in most cases can be use to determine the identity of the mineral. Among the various properties crystal, habit, cleavage, hardness, density, luster, ... of water) Colour: color is sometimes an extremely diagnostic property of mineral

State Darcy’s Law of permeability.

Description : State Darcy’s Law of permeability.

Last Answer : It states that for laminar flow, the rate of flow or discharge per unit time is directly proportional to hydraulic gradient. q= KiA or V= / = Ki Where q= discharge per unit time. , A= total cross- ... , v= velocity of flow, h= differential head of water = h1-h2, L= length of soil sample.