What propertys of the materials used in computer chips makes them useful as switched that turn electricity on and off?

What propertys of the materials used in computer chips makes them useful as switched that turn electricity on and off?
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The silicon is a semiconductor and can be doped to control itsconductivity and create the junctions needed to make diodes andtransistors. These diodes and transistors can act as switches andlogic gates in properly designed circuits. Silicon can also beeasily oxidized to become a robust waterproof insulator topassivate and protect the circuits and components beneath it.The aluminium and/or copper are just good conductors used to"wire" the silicon components together and provide pads that can beused to attach wires or metal beads so that the chip can beconnected to external circuits.
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