Blood calcium is increased by administration of

Blood calcium is increased by administration of
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Blood calcium is increased by administration of A. Glucagon B. Thyroxine C. Parathormone D. Calcitonin
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Which of the following statements about respiratory acidosis are true? A. Compensation occurs by a shift of chloride out of the red blood cells. B. Renal compensation occurs rapidly. C. Retention of bicarbonate and increased ammonia formation are normal compensatory mechanisms. D. Narcotic administration is an unusual cause of respiratory acidosis. E. The ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid is less than 20:1.

Description : Which of the following statements about respiratory acidosis are true? A. Compensation occurs by a shift of chloride out of the red blood cells. B. Renal compensation occurs rapidly. C. Retention of ... of respiratory acidosis. E. The ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid is less than 20:1.

Last Answer : Answer: CE DISCUSSION: Renal compensation for acute hypoventilation is relatively slow. Depression of the respiratory center by morphine can lead to respiratory acidosis. Renal retention of bicarbonate, ... into red cells combine to increase the ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid to 20:1

Osteomalacia can be prevented by the administration of calcium and a vitamin: (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D

Description : Osteomalacia can be prevented by the administration of calcium and a vitamin: (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D

Last Answer : Answer : D

HMG-CoA reductase activity is increased by administration of the hormone: (A) Insulin (B) Glucagon (C) Epinephrine (D) Glucocorticoids

Description : HMG-CoA reductase activity is increased by administration of the hormone: (A) Insulin (B) Glucagon (C) Epinephrine (D) Glucocorticoids

Last Answer : Answer : A

Glucose overload results in increased CO 2 production. Which of the following statements are true? A. In patients with respiratory insufficiency, administration of glucose as a principal calorie source is contraindicated. B. In patients with pulmonary infection and sepsis, calorie support should consist of 95% fat and 5% glucose. C. In Askanazi's study, increased CO 2 production and difficulty in weaning was associated only with pronounced overfeeding. D. CO 2 production should be measured in most patients who are supported by respirators in intensive care units and are receiving nutritional support.

Description : Glucose overload results in increased CO 2 production. Which of the following statements are true? A. In patients with respiratory insufficiency, administration of glucose as a principal calorie ... who are supported by respirators in intensive care units and are receiving nutritional support.

Last Answer : Answer: C DISCUSSION: Few papers have excited as much interest as that by Askanazi, Kinney, and co-workers, which demonstrated that glucose calories given to patients with severe respiratory ... the caloric requirement and glucose for the remainder, without much fear of excessive CO 2 production

The decline in the combined ratio is most likely to indicate that the insurer has ___________. a) increased its administration expenses b) increased its long term borrowing c) improved its investment returns d) improved its underwriting results

Description : The decline in the combined ratio is most likely to indicate that the insurer has ___________. a) increased its administration expenses b) increased its long term borrowing c) improved its investment returns d) improved its underwriting results

Last Answer : d) improved its underwriting results

Intestinal absorption of magnesium is increased in (A) Calcium deficient diet (B) High calcium diet (C) High oxalate diet (D) High phytate diet

Description : Intestinal absorption of magnesium is increased in (A) Calcium deficient diet (B) High calcium diet (C) High oxalate diet (D) High phytate diet

Last Answer : Answer : A

Calcium absorption is increased by (A) Vitamin D (B) Vitamin C (C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin E

Description : Calcium absorption is increased by (A) Vitamin D (B) Vitamin C (C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin E

Last Answer : Answer : A

Absorption of calcium is increased on a (A) High protein diet (B) Low protein diet (C) High fat diet (D) Low fat diet

Description : Absorption of calcium is increased on a (A) High protein diet (B) Low protein diet (C) High fat diet (D) Low fat diet

Last Answer : Answer : A

PTH causes all of the following except (A) Increased intestinal absorption of calcium (B) Increased intestinal absorption of phosphate (C) Increased tubular reabsorption of calcium (D) Increased tubular reabsorption of phosphate

Description : PTH causes all of the following except (A) Increased intestinal absorption of calcium (B) Increased intestinal absorption of phosphate (C) Increased tubular reabsorption of calcium (D) Increased tubular reabsorption of phosphate

Last Answer : Answer : D

In Vitamin D poisoning (hyper-vitaminosis) (A) Both serum and urinary “Ca” (B) The serum Ca is low and urinary calcium high (C) The serum “Ca” is increased and urinary “Ca” is normal (D) Both serum and urinary “Ca” are low

Description : In Vitamin D poisoning (hyper-vitaminosis) (A) Both serum and urinary “Ca” (B) The serum Ca is low and urinary calcium high (C) The serum “Ca” is increased and urinary “Ca” is normal (D) Both serum and urinary “Ca” are low

Last Answer : Answer : A

The pancreatic amylase activity is increased in the presence of (A) Hydrochloric acid (B) Bile salts (C) Thiocyanate ions (D) Calcium ions

Description : The pancreatic amylase activity is increased in the presence of (A) Hydrochloric acid (B) Bile salts (C) Thiocyanate ions (D) Calcium ions

Last Answer : Answer : B

Levels of serum calcium and inorganic phosphorus are increased in (A) Hypervitaminosis D (B) Hypoparathyroidism (C) Hypovitaminosis D (D) None of these

Description : Levels of serum calcium and inorganic phosphorus are increased in (A) Hypervitaminosis D (B) Hypoparathyroidism (C) Hypovitaminosis D (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : A

Tubular reabsorption of calcium is increased by (A) Cholecalciferol (B) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol (C) Calcitriol (D) All of these

Description : Tubular reabsorption of calcium is increased by (A) Cholecalciferol (B) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol (C) Calcitriol (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : C

Which of the following statements regarding hypercalcemia are true? A. The symptoms of hypercalcemia may mimic some symptoms of hyperglycemia. B. Metastatic breast cancer is an unusual cause of hypercalcemia. C. Calcitonin is a satisfactory long-term therapy for hypercalcemia. D. Severely hypercalcemic patients exhibit the signs of extracellular fluid volume deficit. E. Urinary calcium excretion may be increased by vigorous volume repletion.

Description : Which of the following statements regarding hypercalcemia are true? A. The symptoms of hypercalcemia may mimic some symptoms of hyperglycemia. B. Metastatic breast cancer is an unusual cause of ... fluid volume deficit. E. Urinary calcium excretion may be increased by vigorous volume repletion.

Last Answer : Answer: ADE DISCUSSION: Markedly elevated serum calcium levels produce polydipsia, polyuria, and thirst. Vigorous volume repletion and saline diuresis correct the extracellular fluid volume ... , from bony metastasis. The calcitonin effect on calcium is diminished with repeat administrations

The symptoms of allergen-mediated asthma result from which of the following? (a) Increased release of mediators from mast cells (b) Increased adrenergic responsiveness of the airways (c) Inceased vascular permeability of bronchial tissue (d) Decreased calcium influx into the mast cell (e) Decreased prostaglandin production

Description : The symptoms of allergen-mediated asthma result from which of the following? (a) Increased release of mediators from mast cells (b) Increased adrenergic responsiveness of the airways (c) ... bronchial tissue (d) Decreased calcium influx into the mast cell (e) Decreased prostaglandin production

Last Answer : Ans: A

The Symptoms of allergen-mediated asthma result from which of the following? (a) Increased release of mediators from mast cells (b) Increased adrenergic responsiveness of the airways (c) Increased vascular permeability of bronchial tissue (d) Decreased calcium influx into the mast cells (e) Decreased prostaglandin production

Description : The Symptoms of allergen-mediated asthma result from which of the following? (a) Increased release of mediators from mast cells (b) Increased adrenergic responsiveness of the airways (c) ... bronchial tissue (d) Decreased calcium influx into the mast cells (e) Decreased prostaglandin production

Last Answer : Ans: A

Capillary permeability is increased by: a. bradykinin b. adrenaline c. calcium d. vasopressin

Description : Capillary permeability is increased by: a. bradykinin b. adrenaline c. calcium d. vasopressin

Last Answer : bradykinin

In the neurones: a. the axons convey impulse away from the cell body b. neurotransmitters are synthesized in the cell bodies and then transported to the axons c. the condition velocity increases with fibre diameter d. the excitability is increased if the extracellular calcium concentration is decreased

Description : In the neurones: a. the axons convey impulse away from the cell body b. neurotransmitters are synthesized in the cell bodies and then transported to the axons c. the condition ... with fibre diameter d. the excitability is increased if the extracellular calcium concentration is decreased

Last Answer : the axons convey impulse away from the cell body

Select the incorrect statement (A) Lean mixes bleed more as compared to rich ones. (B) Bleeding can be minimized by adding pozzolana finer aggregate (C) Bleeding can be increased by addition 'of calcium chloride (D) None of the above

Description : Select the incorrect statement (A) Lean mixes bleed more as compared to rich ones. (B) Bleeding can be minimized by adding pozzolana finer aggregate (C) Bleeding can be increased by addition 'of calcium chloride (D) None of the above

Last Answer : Answer: Option D

Infectious disease transmission during blood transfusions is of clinical significance to surgeons and of major importance to patients contemplating surgery potentially associated with the need for blood administration. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the transmission of infectious disease during blood transfusions? a. Post-transfusion hepatitis is usually due to hepatitis B b. Hepatitis and HIV transmission is greatest with the administration of pooled plasma products such as serum albumin c. The most important cause of post-transfusion disease in immunosuppressed patients is CMV infection d. The risk of HIV transmission in blood transfusions is significantly less than the risk of hepatitis transmission

Description : Infectious disease transmission during blood transfusions is of clinical significance to surgeons and of major importance to patients contemplating surgery potentially associated with the need for ... transmission in blood transfusions is significantly less than the risk of hepatitis transmission

Last Answer : Answer: c, d The most common infectious diseases transmitted during blood transfusions include viral hepatitis, CMV, and HIV infection. Post-transfusion hepatitis in 90% of cases consists of ... infectious disease transmission, the risks of HIV transmission is markedly less than that of hepatitis

Ketorolac: A. Is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) approved for intravenous, intramuscular, and oral administration. B. Can be used indefinitely for postoperative analgesia. C. Can cause renal dysfunction. D. May decrease surgical blood loss.

Description : Ketorolac: A. Is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) approved for intravenous, intramuscular, and oral administration. B. Can be used indefinitely for postoperative analgesia. C. Can cause renal dysfunction. D. May decrease surgical blood loss.

Last Answer : Answer: AC DISCUSSION: Ketorolac tromethamine, an NSAID, is approved by the FDA for intravenous, intramuscular, and oral administration. The agent is an effective analgesic with minimal side ... Additionally, it is recommended that ketorolac should not be used for more than 5 consecutive days

Which of the following statements are true of a patient with hyperglycemia and hyponatremia? A. The sodium concentration must be corrected by 5 mEq. per 100 mg. per 100 ml. elevation in blood glucose. B. With normal renal function, this patient is likely to be volume overloaded. C. Proper fluid therapy would be unlikely to include potassium administration. D. Insulin administration will increase the potassium content of cells. E. Early in treatment adequate urine output is a reliable measure of adequate volume resuscitation.

Description : Which of the following statements are true of a patient with hyperglycemia and hyponatremia? A. The sodium concentration must be corrected by 5 mEq. per 100 mg. per 100 ml. elevation in blood ... . E. Early in treatment adequate urine output is a reliable measure of adequate volume resuscitation.

Last Answer : Answer: D DISCUSSION: Each 100-mg. per 100 ml. elevation in blood glucose causes a fall in serum sodium concentration of approximately 2 mEq. per liter. Excess serum glucose ... correction of the patient's associated acidosis produce movement of potassium ions into the intracellular compartment

An 18-year-old man shot once in the left chest has a blood pressure of 80/50 mm. Hg, a heart rate of 130 beats per minute, and distended neck veins. Immediate treatment might include: A. Administration of one liter of Ringer's lactate solution. B. Subxiphoid pericardiotomy. C. Needle decompression of the left chest in the second intercostal space. D. Emergency thoracotomy to cross-clamp the aorta.

Description : An 18-year-old man shot once in the left chest has a blood pressure of 80/50 mm. Hg, a heart rate of 130 beats per minute, and distended neck veins. Immediate treatment might include: A. ... of the left chest in the second intercostal space. D. Emergency thoracotomy to cross-clamp the aorta.

Last Answer : Answer: AC DISCUSSION: The finding of distended neck veins in conjunction with hypotension should suggest tension pneumothorax or pericardial tamponade. Absent ipsilateral breath sounds and a trachea ... injuries. There is no role for aortic cross-clamping in this scenario of cardiogenic shock

Which of the following adrenergic inhibitors acts directly on the blood vessels, producing vasodilation? a) Prazosin hydrochloride (Minipress) Minipress is a peripheral vasodilator acting directly on the blood vessel. It is not used in angina and coronary artery disease, however, because it induces tachycardia if not preceded by administration of propranolol and a diuretic.

Description : Which of the following adrenergic inhibitors acts directly on the blood vessels, producing vasodilation? a) Prazosin hydrochloride (Minipress) Minipress is a peripheral vasodilator acting ... through centrally mediated alpha-adrenergic stimulation in the brain, producing blood pressure reduction.

Last Answer : a) Prazosin hydrochloride (Minipress) Minipress is a peripheral vasodilator acting directly on the blood vessel. It is not used in angina and coronary artery disease, however, because it induces tachycardia if not preceded by administration of propranolol and a diuretic.

08. What does the term “bioavailability” mean? a) Plasma protein binding degree of substance b) Permeability through the brain-blood barrier c) Fraction of an uncharged drug reaching the systemic circulation following any route administration d) Amount of a substance in urine relative to the initial doze

Description : 08. What does the term bioavailability mean? a) Plasma protein binding degree of substance b) Permeability through the brain-blood barrier c) Fraction of an uncharged drug reaching the systemic ... following any route administration d) Amount of a substance in urine relative to the initial doze

Last Answer : C