Description : Write the formula for weight % and mole %.
Last Answer : Formulas for: 1. weight % Let a mixture contains components A,B & C of weights WA, WB & WC Weight % of A =( Weight of A/ Total weight of mixture) * 100 = WA/(WA+WB+WC)*100 2. mole % Let the moles of the components be nA,nB & nC Mol% of A = (moles of A/total moles)*100 = (nA/nA+nB+nC) *100
Description : What is the molar mass of haemocyanin and the freezing point of the solution when an aqueous solution is prepared by dissolving 1.5 grams of haemocyanin a protein obtained from crabs in 0.25 litres of?
Last Answer : Haemocyanins are a group of proteins.
Description : What is the name and chemical formula of the main product formed by heating baking soda. (a) sodium carbonate,Na 2 CO 3 (b) Bleaching powder ,CaOCl 2 (c) sodium chloride,Na Cl (d)Plaster of paris ,CaSO 4 .I/2H 2 O
Last Answer : (a) sodium carbonate,Na 2 CO 3
Description : 20 gram of caustic soda are dissolved in water to prepare 500 ml of solution. Find the normality and molarity of solution.
Last Answer : Basis: 500 ml solution. Weight of solute = 20 gm Molecular weight of NaOH = 40 Gram moles of solute = 20/40 = 0.5 Molarity = Gram moles/ Volume of solution in lit 0.5/0.5 = 1 M Normality = gram equivalent of solute/ volume of solution in lit = 0.5/0.5 = 1N
Description : Describe Refractive Index property of solution. Explain its dependence on composition and temperature.
Last Answer : Refractive index: Refractive index of a medium is defines as the ratio of speed of light in vacuum to the speed of light in the medium. Refractive index = (speed of light in vacuum/ speed of ... decreases as the solution is denser and as a result of this refractive index of the solution decreases.
Description : Define pH of solution
Last Answer : pH of solution: It is defined as the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration. pH= - log[H+ ]
Description : Define normality of solution.
Last Answer : Normality of solution: It is defines as the number of gram equivalent of solute per liter of solution Normality = Gram equivant of solute/ volume of solution in liter
Description : Define Molarity of solution and how it is calculated?
Last Answer : Molarity of solution= It is the number of gram moles of solute present in one litre of solution. M= gram moles of solute/ volume of solution in litres
Description : Define pH of solution. What is scale for it.
Last Answer : pH of solution: It is defined as the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration. pH= - log[H+ ] Scale: It is a logarithmic scale ranging from 0 to 14 used to measure the concentration of hydrogen ... acidic solution has a low pH value (0-7) and basic solution has a high pH value(7-14).
Description : Define Molarity of solution.
Last Answer : Molarity of solution= gram moles of solute/ volume of solution in litre
Description : . An irreversible aqueous phase reaction, A + B → P, is carried out in an adiabatic mixed flow reactor. A feed containing 4kmole/m3 of each A and B enters the reactor at 8m3 /hr. If the temperature of ... be assumed to be independent of temperature and composition. (A) 190 (B) 290 (C) 390 (D) 490
Last Answer : (B) 290
Description : Describe the following unit processes: (i) Pyrolysis (ii) Hydration (iii) Hydrogenation.
Last Answer : i)Pyrolysis: The decomposition of a compound by heat is called pyrolysis. Large alkane molecules are broken down to give lower molecular weight alkanes, alkenes and hydrogen. Eg: When ethane is heated to 500 ... Chemical Reaction for hydrogenation: CH2= CH2 + H2 → CH3-CH3 C6H6 + 3H2→C6H12
Description : Write the safety measure in the following accidental cases: (i) Eye injury (chemical) (ii) Burn (iii) Skin contact (iv) Inhalation of toxic fumes.
Last Answer : Safety measures for: i)Eye injury : a) Have the person immediately rinse the eye with clean water. b) Flush with lukewarm water for 15-30 minutes c) Flush the eye to ... symptoms such as head ache, nose or throat irritation, dizziness or drowsiness persists, seek immediate medical attention.
Description : Explain the following unit operations: (i) Mixing (ii) Drying (iii) Evaporation (iv) Absorption.
Last Answer : i)Mixing: Mixing is carried out for producing simple mixtures, accomplishing dispersions and promoting chemical reactions. It is a process in which two separate materials such as two different ... ammonia mixture by water 2) Removal of hydrogen sulfide from naturally occurring hydrocarbon gases.
Description : Explain following unit processes: (i) Oxidation (ii) Nitration.
Last Answer : Oxidation: It is defined as the addition of oxygen or removal of hydrogenation from organic compounds. - Oxidation reaction may involve the introduction of oxygen in the molecule of a compound. Oxidation ... acid and con. Nitric acid. Nitrating mixture is used in nitration reaction.
Description : Explain the following terms: (i) Dry Bulb Temperature (ii) Wet Bulb Temperature.
Last Answer : Dry bulb temperature: Temperature recorded by ordinary thermometer is called dry bulb temperature. Measurement of DBT: The temperature of air measured by an ordinary thermometer without cover of bulb by ... or possible rain. One condition for rain is abundance of water vapour in the atmosphere.
Description : Explain the following terms: (i) Scale Up (ii) Design
Last Answer : Scale up: It is the migration of a process from laboratory scale to the bench scale, then to the pilot plant scale and finally to the commercial scale / industrial scale. In scale up, ... Design information, both chemical and mechanical is used for the fabrication / construction of the reactor.
Description : Explain the principle of the following – (i) Distillation (ii) Drying (iii) Crystallization
Last Answer : Distillation:-Distillation is an operation in which the components of a liquid mixture are separated using thermal energy. It depends upon the difference in boiling points of the individual components. The ... temperature. The solute then comes out of the solution in the form of pure crystals.
Description : Explain following unit process with example. (i) Reduction (ii) Calcination (iii) Nitration
Last Answer : Reduction: Reduction is defined as the addition of hydrogen, removal of oxygen, addition of metallic element or addition of electrons. Eg. Reduction of ethyl bromide Nitrobenzene can be reduced ... Sulfuric acid and con. Nitric acid. Nitrating mixture is used in nitration reaction.
Description : Explain following unit processes with suitable example. (i) Sulphonation (ii) Hydrogenation (iii) Esterification
Last Answer : (i) Sulfonation reactions : It is the reaction with sulfuric acid to introduce sulfonic (SO3H) group into a compound. (ii) Hydrogenation: Hydrogenation may be defined as the chemical ... of ethyl acetate. Sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acids are the catalysts used for esterification.
Description : Draw symbol of (i) Tray Dryer (ii) Plate column (iii) Packed column (iv) Jaw crusher (v) Strirrer (vi) Ball mill.
Last Answer : i)Tray dryer: ii)Plate column: iii)Packed column: iv) Jaw crusher: v) Stirrer: vi) Ball mill
Description : Define the following terms: (i) Rate data (ii) Chemical kinetics
Last Answer : Rate data: It is the data on concentration of reactants/ products with respect to time. It is used to find out the rate of reaction Chemical Kinetics: It is the study of the ... and the effect of parameters such as temperature, pressure, reactant concentration/ composition on the reaction rates.
Description : Air contain 21% O2 and 79% N2 by volume. Calculate the composition in terms percentage by weight.
Last Answer : Basis: 100 kmole air Kmoles of O2 =21 Kmoles of N2 =79 Weight of O2 =21x32=672 kg Weight of N2 =79x28=2212 kg Total weight =2884 kg Weight% of O2 = (weight of O2/ total weight)x100 = (672/2884)x100 = 23.3% Weight% of N2 =(weight of N2/ total weight)x100 = (2212/2884)x100 = 76.7%
Description : Aqueous solution of how many of the following species turn blue limtus red ? (i) `SF_(4)` (ii) `PCl_(3)` (iii) `H_(2)O` (iv) `NO_(2)Cl` (v) `SF_(6)` (
Last Answer : Aqueous solution of how many of the following species turn blue limtus red ? (i) `SF_(4)` (ii) `PCl_(3)` ( ... )` (xii) `COCl_(2)` (viii) `C Cl_(4)`
Description : What product is formed when electricity is passed throughan aqueous solution of sodium chloride? (1) Sodium and water (2) Sodium oxide (3) Sodium and chlorine (4) Sodium hydroxide
Last Answer : (4) Sodium hydroxide Explanation: When electricity is passed through an aqueous solution of sodium chloride, it gives hydrogen, chlorine and sodium hydroxide as a product.
Description : The pH value of 12 may be of an aqueous solution of 1. Sodium hydroxide 2. Lithium hydroxide 3. Sodium chloride 4. Hydrogen chloride The correct statements are: (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 4 (c) 3 and 4 (d) 1 and 4
Last Answer : Ans:(a)
Description : Brine is an a) aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide b) aqueous solution of sodium carbonate c) aqueous solution of sodium chloride d) aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate
Last Answer : c) aqueous solution of sodium chloride
Description : A student prepares aqueous solutions of the following salts: Copper sulphate, ferrous sulphate, sodium sulphate and barium chloride. Write the color of each solution thus formed?
Last Answer : Answer. Copper sulphate (aq) – blue in color Ferrous sulphate (aq) – pale green in color Sodium sulphate (aq) – colorless Barium chloride (aq) – white in color
Description : Which of the following aqueous solutions would hav the lowest boiling point? Would it be a 1.0 molal solution of: w) Hydrochloric acid x) Sodium Hydroxide y) Acetic Acid, z) Magnesium Chloride
Last Answer : ANSWER: Y -- ACETIC ACID
Description : What is the molarity of a salt solution prepared b dissolving three moles of salt in 500 milliliters of water? w) 1 x) 2 y) 4 z) 6
Last Answer : ANSWER: Z -- 6
Description : What is the molality of a salt solution prepared by dissolving two moles of salt in 500 grams of water?
Last Answer : ANSWER: 4
Description : Two masses, one of the 10kg and the other unknown, are placed on a scale in a region where g = 9.67 m/sec2 . The combined weight of these two masses is 174.06 N. Find the unknown mass in kg. a. 20 kg b. 19 kg c. 18 kg d. 17 kg formula: m=Fg k / g
Last Answer : 18 kg
Description : Which of the following is a correct pair according to increasing atomic number from left to right? (1) Ca, Cl (2) Be, B (3) Na, Ne (4) He, H
Last Answer : (2) Be, B Explanation: The correct pair is Be and B. Beryllium (Be) has atomic number of 4, while the atomic number of Boron (2) is 5.
Description : Explain electrostatic separation with a neat sketch.
Last Answer : Electrostatic Separator Principle: If one or more of the materials of a granular mixture can acquire a surface charge on or just before entering an electrostatic field, the particles of that ... repelled by electrode ,attracted by drum, falls straight in collecting bin due to gravity.
Description : Write the classification of unit operations and unit processes.
Last Answer : Unit Operation: It is the operation in which only physical changes occur, but no chemical changes Classification of Unit operation: 1. Mechanical Operations: Transportation of materials, size ... Hydrogenation 7. Dehydrogenation 8. Esterification 9. Calcination 10. Pyrolysis 11. Halogenation
Description : Write about emergency exit route and assembly point.
Last Answer : Emergency exit: An emergency exit is an exit other than regular exit in a workplace which is used for prompt evacuation of employees from the workplace during emergencies such as fire, explosion etc ... . It should have unobstructed pathway to them and should be located away from power lines.
Description : Describe solubility saturation solubility. Write the effect of temperature on solubility.
Last Answer : Solubility: Solubility of a solute is the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure. OR It is the amount ... litre of solution. Effect of temperature on solubility: Solubility increases as temperature increases.
Description : Write different causes of accidents in laboratories.
Last Answer : Causes of accident in a laboratory: 1. Wet and slippery floor 2. Improper ventilation 3. Unavailability of personal protective equipment 4. Insufficient information about chemical hazard 5. Unsafe acts 6. Lack of written procedures regarding safety and emergency Improper material handling
Description : Describe conductivity meter.
Last Answer : Conductivity meter: It is used to measure conductivity of a solution. Two electrodes (platinum plates) are placed in a sample, a potential is applied across the electrodes, and the current is ... the solution and then the conductivity of the solution using the conductance and cell constant.
Description : Define electrical conductivity and write its unit.
Last Answer : Electrical conductivity: Electrical conductivity of an electrolyte solution is a measure of the ability of the solution to conduct electricity(electric current) Unit: ohm-1
Description : Write down names of different unit operations
Last Answer : Different unit operations 1. Size reduction 2. Size separation or screening 3. Mixing 4. Filtration 5. Sedimentation 6. Extraction 7. Distillation 8. Drying 9. Crystallization 10. Gas absorption
Description : Write the names of any 4 personal protective equipments.
Last Answer : Names of personal protective equipment: 1. Helmet 2. Hard hat 3. Goggles 4. Ear plug 5. Ear muff 6. Apron 7. Hand gloves 8. Boots 9. Safety shoes
Description : Define Reactor.
Last Answer : Definition of reactor: It is a vessel or an equipment in which a chemical reaction takes place.
Description : Explain the concept of dry bulb, wet bulb temperature. How they are measured?
Last Answer : Dry Bulb Temperature of Air (DBT) The temperature of the air measured by the ordinary thermometer is called as the dry bulb temperature of air, commonly referred as DBT. When ordinary thermometer is ... bulb temperature of air. The difference between the DBT and WBT is called as wet bulb depression.
Description : Explain the measurement of Retractive index and it’s dependence on composition and temperature.
Last Answer : Measurement of Refractive Index: The Refractive index of a medium is defined as the ratio of speed of lignt in vacuum to the speed of light in the medium The refractive ... light through the liquid. Thus the refractive index of liquid or solution increases with increasing concentration.
Description : Define solubility and give the effect of temperature on a solubility of solute.
Last Answer : Solubility: Solubility of a solute is the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure. OR It is the amount of ... in gm/ litre of solution. Effect of temperature on solubility: Solubility increases as temperature increases.
Description : Differentiate between filteration and sedimentation.
Last Answer : Differentiate between filtration and sedimentation Sedimentation Filtration Gravitational force is acting Pressure force is acting Sedimentation tanks or settling tanks are used. Filters are used No filter medium is used Filter medium is used
Description : Describe the major causes of accident in chemical industries.
Last Answer : Causes of accident in Chemical industries: 1. Unsafe physical conditions: It includes improper machine guards, improper ventilation, inadequate ventilation, unsafe clothing etc. 2. Personal factors: ... and emergency equipment 10. Lack of written procedures regarding safety and emergency.
Description : Explain the laws of Thermodynamics.
Last Answer : Laws of thermodynamics: 1. First law: Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can be converted from one form to another. 2. Second law: Entropy of an isolated system tends to ... 3. Third law: Entropies of all pure crystalline solids may be taken as zero at absolute zero temperature.