Description : Describe how proteins that are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are transported to their final destination.
Last Answer : Proteins that are synthesized in the ER have a signal sequence that directs them to their target destination. Soluble proteins are carried inside the lumen of vesicles. Cargo-bearing vesicles ... lysosomes or plasma membrane. Vesicles that have released their cargo return via the reverse direction.
Description : What is the difference between the concepts of karyotype and genome ?
Last Answer : Genome is the set of DNA molecules that characterizes each living being or each species. The concept then includes the specific nucleotide sequence of the DNA molecules of each individual or species. ... of each chromosome or pair of homologous. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: karyotype
Description : The electron transport chain within the inner mitochondrial membrane creates a gradient of ____________ across the inner membrane which is utilized to drive the activity of ATP synthase and the generation of ATP.
Last Answer : Hydrogen (H+ ions) or protons
Description : The most important mechanism by which gram negative bacilli acquire chloramphenicol resistance is (a) Decreased permeability into the bacterial cell (b) Acquisition of a plasmid encoded ... bacterial ribosome for chloramphenicol (d) Switching over from ribosomal to mitochondrial protein synthesis
Last Answer : Ans: B
Description : How do the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus act in the production and releasing of proteins ?
Last Answer : The rough endoplasmic reticulum has in its outer membrane numerous ribosomes, structures where translation of messenger RNA and protein synthesis occur. These proteins are stored in the rough endoplasmic reticulum ... exocytosis) in the right place and its content is liberated outside the cell.
Description : Without saturation of transport proteins and under same concentration gradient how can the speed of simple diffusion be compared to the speed of facilitated diffusion ?
Last Answer : The action of facilitator proteins in facilitated diffusion makes this type of diffusion faster than simple diffusion under equal concentration gradients of the moved substance.
Description : In many types of cancer, proteins that are crucial regulators of the cell cycle are often mutated and cannot function correctly. This leads to the evasion of apoptosis and to the loss of control of cell ... protein named p53. What is the normal function of p53 that is lost when it is mutated?
Last Answer : Normally, p53 senses DNA damage and acts as a transcription factor for checkpoint control genes.
Description : In order to function, CDKs must interact with members of a separate family of proteins named the cyclins. Do individual cyclins remain associated with the same CDKs throughout the entire cell cycle?
Last Answer : No. Separate cyclins interact with specific CDKs only during defined periods of the cell cycle.
Description : Multiple checkpoints in the eukaryotic cell cycle ensure that division occurs only after sufficient growth and faithful DNA replication, and only when favorable conditions exist. Of the many proteins involved in ... CDKs) are among the most important. How do CDKs function to control the cell cycle?
Last Answer : CDKs phosphorylate various protein substrates that are required for cell cycle progression. Some of the important substrate proteins that CDKs phosphorylate include condensin proteins, which are essential ... which form a stabilizing network under the nuclear membrane that assembles during mitosis.
Description : What are heterotrimeric G proteins?
Last Answer : G proteins with three different subunits, designated as alpha, beta, and gamma. Alpha and gamma subunits attach to the plasma membranes via lipid anchors. In the absence of a signal, the entire GDP ... alpha subunit is replaced by GTP, and the GTP-bound alpha subunit and beta-gamma dimer dissociate.
Description : What are G proteins?
Last Answer : G proteins are proteins that can bind guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and guanosine diphosphate (GDP). G-proteins function as switches; GTP-bound G-proteins are active whereas GDP-bound G-proteins are inactive.
Description : Name the organelle that contains high levels of hydrolases and is responsible for digestion of proteins, sugars, nucleic acids and lipids.
Last Answer : Lysosomes
Description : Name the type of proteins that work to catalyze metabolic reactions or can modify other proteins to switch their activity on or off.
Last Answer : Enzymes
Description : What is the function of proteins like microtubules and actin filaments?
Last Answer : Give structure to cells.
Description : Typically proteins do not work in their simple amino acid chain structure but instead fold and form shapes that help in their function. Which of the structures is described as being in alpha helices and beta sheets?
Last Answer : Secondary Protein Structure
Description : What types of proteins are involved in the packaging and condensing of DNA into tightly wound nucleosome structures of a chromosome?
Last Answer : Histone
Description : Metabolism is carried out by a large class of proteins that decrease the activation energy required for chemical reactions inside a cell. Therefore they only facilitate reactions that would naturally occur at a much slower rate. What is the name of these proteins that speed up biochemical reactions?
Description : A cell that is missing lysosomes would have difficulty doing what? (A) Digesting food (B) Storing energy (C) Packaging proteins (D) Moving cytoplasm
Last Answer : (A) Digesting food
Description : Biochemically the ribosome consists of _______________ and some 50 structural . (A) mRNA, Carbohydrates (B) tRNA, lipids (C) mRNA, Proteins (D) rRNA, Proteins
Last Answer : (D) rRNA, Proteins
Description : Assertion : Interferons are effective against viruses. Reason : Proteins which can be synthesized only by genetic engineering are effective against vi
Last Answer : Assertion : Interferons are effective against viruses. Reason : Proteins which can be synthesized only ... If both the assertion and reason are false
Description : All the following statements about protooncogenes are true except (A) They are present in human beings (B) They are present in healthy cells (C) Proteins encoded by them are essential (D) They are expressed only when a healthy cell has been transformed into a cancer cell
Last Answer : Answer : D
Description : Would you be offended if you were 32 years old and someone asked you if you were a freshman in college (at a school where the vast majority of freshmen are 18 years old)?
Last Answer : Offended or thrilled?
Description : ors with autism: What Interesting ability did you find out you could do, but the vast majority couldn't?
Last Answer : I can make dolphin noises lol
Description : Vast majority of people are compelled to live under abject poverty and sub-human conditions. -Geography
Last Answer : Human values (i) To provide equal access to opportunities (ii) Access to resources, health and education (iii) To empower the people to make choices.
Description : The CPU also called the … when talking about PCs, does the vast majority of the processing for a computer. a) Macroprocessor b) RAM c) Memory system d) microprocessors e) None of these
Last Answer : d) microprocessors
Description : To send objects across the wire, beans need to be encoded using the Java Architecture for XML Binding (JAXB). a) True b) False
Last Answer : True
Description : .Identify the correct order of organisation of genetic material from largest to smallest. (a) Genome, chromosome, gene, nucleotide (b) Chromosome, genome, nucleotide, gene (c) Chromosome, gene, genome, nucleotide (d) Genome, chromosome, nucleotide, gene (
Last Answer : (a) Genome, chromosome, gene, nucleotide
Description : Male sterily is not due to a. Genetic factor b. Genome factor c. Cytogenetic factor d. Nutritional factor
Last Answer : Nutritional factor
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning DNA? a. DNA is contained only in the nucleus of the cell b. DNA strands are encoded by the sequence of four bases-adenine, guanine, cytosine ... DNA is the intron, a sequence of three bases d. There are an infinite number of possible codons
Last Answer : Answer: a The genetic blueprint of an organism is carried in the nucleus of every cell, encoded by the sequence of four bases-adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine, which together make up ... codons. Sixty-one of these code for amino acids and three are termination signals called stop codons
Description : Which of the following statements is/are true w.r.t. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)? (A) ERP automates and integrates majority of business processes. (B) ERP provides access to information in a Real Time Environment. (C) ERP is ... (A) and (B) true; (C) false (4) (A) true; (B) and (C) are false
Last Answer : Answer: 3
Description : In the bacteria: (1) Mesosome is present (2) Nucleoid represents the genome (3) Ribosomes are found in cytoplasm (4) Histone proteins complexed with DNA
Last Answer : Ans. ((a))
Description : Which type of genomics studies the transcripts and proteins expressed by a genome? A- Comparative genomics B- Structural genomics C- Proteo genomics D- Functional genomics
Last Answer : Functional genomics
Description : The percentage of human genome which encodes proteins is approximately a) Less than 2% b) 5% c) 25% d) 99%
Last Answer : a) Less than
Description : Read the statements given below and identify the incorrect statement. a) The human genome contains 3164.7 million nucleotide bases. b) The average gene consists of 30,000 bp c) The total number of genes is ... . d) Chromosome Y has 231 genes e) Less than 2% of the genome codes for proteins.
Last Answer : d) Chromosome Y has 231 genes
Description : Can two normal individuals of the same species with sexual reproduction have identical genomes and identical karyotypes ? How the human karyotype is usually represented?
Last Answer : Except for clones (individuals created from nucleus transplantation, like the Dolly sheep) and monozygotic twins, it is very improbable the genomes of two individuals of the same species and generated by sexual ... normal karyotype is represented by the formula 44+XX for women and 44+XY for men.
Description : What are homologous chromosomes ?
Last Answer : Which are the human cells that do not have homologous chromosomes? Chromosomes contain genes (genetic information in the form of nucleotide sequences) that command the protein synthesis thus ... chromosomes are the gametes since during meiosis the homologous chromosomes are separated.
Description : What are the primary and the secondary constrictions of a chromosome ?
Last Answer : What is the other name given to the secondary constriction? Primary constriction is the narrower region of a condensed chromosome where the centromere, the structure that unites identical chromatids, is located. ... can be one or more in chromosome) is called nucleolus organizer region (NOR).
Description : How the chromosome region where the centromere is located is called ?
Last Answer : How are chromosomes classified in relation to the position of their centromere? The chromosome region where the centromere is located is called primary constriction. In microscopic view ... constriction the chromosomes are classified as telocentric, acrocentric, submetacentric or metacentric.
Description : What is the structure that maintains identical chromatids bound ?
Last Answer : The structure that maintains identical chromatids bound is the centromere. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: centromere
Description : How are the concepts of chromosome ?
Last Answer : chromatin and chromatids related? In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA duplicate? Chromatin is a set of filamentous DNA molecules dispersed in the karyoplasm forming euchromatin and heterochromatin ... chromosomes (and not only one). Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: chromatids
Description : In the phase when the cell is not dividing ?
Last Answer : interphase) is there activity within the cell nucleus? In the interphase there is intense metabolic activity in the cell nucleus: DNA is duplicating, euchromatin is being transcript and RNA is produced.
Description : What is the relation between the concepts of chromatin and chromosome ?
Last Answer : Are euchromatin and heterochromatin part of chromosomes? Every filament of chromatin is a complete DNA molecule (a complete double helix), i.e., a complete chromosome. A DNA molecule may form ... thus both are part of chromosomes. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: chromosome structure
Description : What are heterochromatin and euchromatin ?
Last Answer : Chromatin is uncondensed nuclear DNA, the typical DNA morphology in interphase (the phase of the cell cycle in which the cells is not dividing itself). In this phase of the cell cycle ... inactive portions of the DNA molecule. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: heterochromatin euchromatin
Description : Do all eukaryotic cells have nucleus and only one nucleus ?
Last Answer : There are eukaryotic cells without nucleus and others with more than one nucleus. Osteoclasts, the cells responsible for resorption of the osseous matrix, for example, are multinucleate cells; ... cells. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: cell nucleus miltinucleate cells enucleated cells
Description : How are cells with delimited nucleus called ?
Last Answer : What are the main elements of the nucleus? Cells with delimited nucleus are called eukaryotic cells. Organisms composed of one or more eukaryotic cells are called eukaryotes. The mains elements of the ... the nucleolus, the karyolymph, or nucleoplasm, and the nuclear membrane (or karyotheca).
Description : What are some biological examples in which lysosomic enzymes play fundamental role ?
Last Answer : The remodelation of the osseous tissue, the function of acrosomes in sperm cells and the elimination of the tadpole tail are examples of biological processes in which lysosomic enzymes are key factors. The ... cell by its own mechanisms is called autolysis, a type of apoptosis (celll suicide).