How does flow in the pulmonary circuit? -Biology

How does flow in the pulmonary circuit? -Biology
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Blood flows via the out flow tracts of the heart into (a) aorta and carotid arteries (b) aorta, carotid and subclavian arteries (c) aorta and pulmonary artery (d) both (b) & (c)

Description : Blood flows via the out flow tracts of the heart into (a) aorta and carotid arteries (b) aorta, carotid and subclavian arteries (c) aorta and pulmonary artery (d) both (b) & (c)

Last Answer : Ans:(b)

If due to some injury the chordae tendinae of the tricuspid valve of the human heart is partially non- functional, what will be the immediate effect? (a) The flow of blood into the aorta will be slowed down. (b) The ‘pacemaker’ will stop working. (c) The blood will tend to flow back into the left atrium. (d) The flow of blood into the pulmonary artery will be reduced.

Description : If due to some injury the chordae tendinae of the tricuspid valve of the human heart is partially non- functional, what will be the immediate effect? (a) The flow of blood into the aorta will be slowed ... back into the left atrium. (d) The flow of blood into the pulmonary artery will be reduced.

Last Answer : (d) The flow of blood into the pulmonary artery will be reduced.

Morphine affords symptomatic relief of dyspnoea in acute left ventricular failure by the following mechanisms except: A. Bronchodilatation B. Depression of respiratory centre C. Reduction in cardiac preload D. Shift of blood from pulmonary to systemic circuit

Description : Morphine affords symptomatic relief of dyspnoea in acute left ventricular failure by the following mechanisms except: A. Bronchodilatation B. Depression of respiratory centre C. Reduction in cardiac preload D. Shift of blood from pulmonary to systemic circuit

Last Answer : A. Bronchodilatation

(a) Draw a sectional view of the human heart and label on it – Aorta, Right ventricle and Pulmonary veins. (b) State the functions of the following components of transport system: (i) Blood (ii) Lymph -Biology

Description : (a) Draw a sectional view of the human heart and label on it – Aorta, Right ventricle and Pulmonary veins. (b) State the functions of the following components of transport system: (i) Blood (ii) Lymph -Biology

Last Answer : Answer.(a) (b) The functions of blood and lymph are as follows: (i) BloodOxygen is transported by the blood to the tissues of the body for the breakdown of digested food.Carbon dioxide is ... without which nothing will diffuse. (iii) A thin surface across which gases diffuse. (iv) Warm conditions.

(a) Draw a schematic representation of transport and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during transportation of blood in human beings and label on it: Lung capillaries, Pulmonary artery to lungs, Aorta to body, Pulmonary veins from lungs. (b) What is the advantage of separate channels in mammals and birds for oxygenated and deoxygenated blood? -Biology

Description : (a) Draw a schematic representation of transport and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during transportation of blood in human beings and label on it: Lung capillaries, Pulmonary artery to ... the advantage of separate channels in mammals and birds for oxygenated and deoxygenated blood? -Biology

Last Answer : (a) A schematic representation of transportation and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during transportation of blood in human beings (b) It is necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated ... . The separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood provides high oxygen supply to the organs.

What is the difference between pulmonary and systemic circulation? -Biology

Description : What is the difference between pulmonary and systemic circulation? -Biology

Last Answer : answer:

transfer waste filled blood from tissues into the pulmonary circulation -General Knowledge

Description : transfer waste filled blood from tissues into the pulmonary circulation -General Knowledge

Last Answer : Capillaries transfer waste-filled blood from tissues into the pulmonary circulation.

what is the pulmonary artery function?

Description : what is the pulmonary artery function?

Last Answer : The pulmonary arteries deliver blood to the lungs from the heartso it can be oxygenated.

What is the difference between pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation?

Description : What is the difference between pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation?

Last Answer : The heart functions as a double pump. The right side serves as the Pulmonary Circulation pump, shunting the carbon dioxide rich blood entering its chambers to the lungs to unload carbon dioxide and ... to and carbon dioxide from the body in general, especially as distinct from the pulmonary par

What is pulmonary circulation ?

Description : What is pulmonary circulation ?

Last Answer : : Lack of oxygen from the heart enriches the blood in the lungs and enriches it with oxygen and brings it back to the heart. This is called pulmonary circulation.

pulmonary anthrax

Description : Hello about 55 days ago I was on vacation in Greece. They had fertilizer at the hotel in the garden and on the way to the sea. I inhaled him a little. I'm afraid I have pulmonary anthrax ... slightly dry cough, which are said to be a symptom. So is it possible that there is pulmonary anthrax?

Last Answer : Only the doctor can answer this after the examination

which of the following is the smallest taxonomic grounp of animals having a cranium , vertabral column , ventral heart , pulmonary respiration and two

Description : which of the following is the smallest taxonomic grounp of animals having a cranium , vertabral column , ventral heart , pulmonary respiration and two

Last Answer : which of the following is the smallest taxonomic grounp of animals having a cranium , vertabral ... B. Gnathostomata C. Vertebrata D. Tetrapoda

Pulmonary artery differs from pulmonary vein in having

Description : Pulmonary artery differs from pulmonary vein in having

Last Answer : Pulmonary artery differs from pulmonary vein in having A. Thick wall B. Thin wall C. Valves D. Both (2) and (3)

Pulmonary veins are those which `:-`

Description : Pulmonary veins are those which `:-`

Last Answer : Pulmonary veins are those which `:-` A. Carry deoxygenated blood from lungs to heart B. Carrying ... D. Carry oxygenated blood from heart to lungs.

The connection between pulmonary & Arortic arches in Foetus is `:-`

Description : The connection between pulmonary & Arortic arches in Foetus is `:-`

Last Answer : The connection between pulmonary & Arortic arches in Foetus is `:-` A. Ligamentum arteriosus B. Ductus arteriosus C. Foramen ovale D. All of the above

The pulmonary aorta aries from `:-`

Description : The pulmonary aorta aries from `:-`

Last Answer : The pulmonary aorta aries from `:-` A. Left ventricle B. Right ventricle C. Left auricle D. Right auricle

In mammalian embryo the pulmonary aorta communicates with carotico-systemic aorta by a narrow ductus arteriosus, in the adult this connection closes l

Description : In mammalian embryo the pulmonary aorta communicates with carotico-systemic aorta by a narrow ductus arteriosus, in the adult this connection closes l

Last Answer : In mammalian embryo the pulmonary aorta communicates with carotico-systemic aorta by a narrow ductus ... C. Ligamentum arteriosus D. None of these

Assertion `:-` Inspiration can occur if intra pulmonary pressure is less than the atmospheric pressure. Reason `:-` Inspiration is initiated by the re

Description : Assertion `:-` Inspiration can occur if intra pulmonary pressure is less than the atmospheric pressure. Reason `:-` Inspiration is initiated by the re

Last Answer : Assertion `:-` Inspiration can occur if intra pulmonary pressure is less than the atmospheric pressure. ... D. If both Assertion & Reason are false.

Given figure is showing spirogram of pulmonary volumes and capacities Which represent expiratory reserve volume `:-`

Description : Given figure is showing spirogram of pulmonary volumes and capacities Which represent expiratory reserve volume `:-`

Last Answer : Given figure is showing spirogram of pulmonary volumes and capacities Which represent expiratory reserve volume `:-` A. A B. B C. C D. D

Which instrumental helps in clinical assessment of pulmonary Volumes ?

Description : Which instrumental helps in clinical assessment of pulmonary Volumes ?

Last Answer : Which instrumental helps in clinical assessment of pulmonary Volumes ? A. Sphygmomanometer B. Stethoscope C. Spirometer D. Electrocardiograph

Pulmonary oedema is caused by

Description : Pulmonary oedema is caused by

Last Answer : Pulmonary oedema is caused by A. Sulphur oxides B. Carbon oxides C. Nitrogen oxides D. Hydrocarbons

Pulmonary surfactant is :-

Description : Pulmonary surfactant is :-

Last Answer : Pulmonary surfactant is :- A. Amino acid B. Steriod C. Phospholipid D. Glycolipid

Where is oxgyen in greater concentration in the alveoli just after inhalation or in the blood entering the pulmonary?

Description : Where is oxgyen in greater concentration in the alveoli just after inhalation or in the blood entering the pulmonary?

Last Answer : Need answer

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula?

Description : Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula?

Last Answer : DefinitionPulmonary arteriovenous fistula is a condition in which an abnormal connection (fistula) develops between an artery and vein in the lungs. As a result, blood passes through the lungs without ... be in the lungs, brain, nasal passages, liver, and gastrointestinal organs. This condition is

Pulmonary nocardiosis?

Description : Pulmonary nocardiosis?

Last Answer : DefinitionPulmonary nocardiosis is an infection of the lung with the bacteria, Nocardia asteroides.Alternative NamesNocardiosis - pulmonaryCauses, incidence, and risk factorsNocardia infection develops ... ill feeling (malaise)Night sweats, excessive sweating at nightGastrointestinal system N

Pulmonary hypertension?

Description : Pulmonary hypertension?

Last Answer : DefinitionPulmonary hypertension is abnormally high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. It makes the right side of the heart need to work harder than normal.Alternative NamesPulmonary arterial ... The heart needs to work harder to force the blood through the vessels against this press

Pulmonary edema?

Description : Pulmonary edema?

Last Answer : DefinitionPulmonary edema is an abnormal build up of fluid in the air sacs of the lungs, which leads to shortness of breathAlternative NamesLung congestion; Lung water; Pulmonary congestionCauses, incidence, ... that caused by poisonous gas or severe infection, as a side effect of medications, o

Pulmonary embolus?

Description : Pulmonary embolus?

Last Answer : DefinitionA pulmonary embolus is a blockage of an artery in the lungs by fat, air, a blood clot, or tumor cells.Alternative NamesVenous thromboembolism; Lung blood clot; Blood ... Risk factors for a pulmonary embolus include:BurnsCancerChildbirthFamily history of blood clotsFractures of the hips o

Pulmonary tuberculosis?

Description : Pulmonary tuberculosis?

Last Answer : DefinitionPulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial infection that mainly involves the lungs, but may spread to other organs.Alternative NamesTB; Tuberculosis - pulmonaryCauses, incidence, and risk ... in the past. However, in some cases, the disease may become active within

Solitary pulmonary nodule?

Description : Solitary pulmonary nodule?

Last Answer : DefinitionA solitary pulmonary nodule is a round or oval spot (lesion) in the lungs that is seen with a chest x-ray or CT scan.Causes, incidence, and risk factorsMore than half of all solitary ... of not smoking, calcium in the lesion, and small lesion size are factors associated with a noncanc

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?

Description : Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?

Last Answer : DefinitionIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is scarring or thickening of the lungs without a known cause.Alternative NamesIdiopathic diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis; IPF; Pulmonary fibrosis; Cryptogenic fibrosing ... unknown substance. "Idiopathic" means no cause can be found. The disease oc

Where can I find info on pulmonary hypertension?

Description : Where can I find info on pulmonary hypertension?

Last Answer : You can find all the information you need to know about the disease, pulmonary hypertension, at this website, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_hypertension.

Is Pulmonary Embolism the same as Pulmonary Hypertension?

Description : Is Pulmonary Embolism the same as Pulmonary Hypertension?

Last Answer : A pulmonary embolism is also characterized as central or peripheral, depending on the location or the arterial branch involved. Central vascular zones include the main pulmonary artery, the left and right main ... lobe trunk, the right middle lobe artery, and the right and left lower lobe arteries.

Signs and Symptoms of COPD-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?

Description : Signs and Symptoms of COPD-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?

Last Answer : COPD stands for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. It is the number one cause of sickness and death across the globe. COPD is a lung disease that is composed of two or more lung conditions, such as ... patients. It is vital for smokers to quit to avoid the onset of COPD or worsening of symptoms.

How dangerous is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

Description : How dangerous is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

Last Answer : Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD can be extremely serious if left undiagnosed or if not properly treated. If you have some of the symptoms of COPD you should certainly consult your doctor.

How To Prepare For Pulmonary Function Tests?

Description : How To Prepare For Pulmonary Function Tests?

Last Answer : Pulmonary function tests are often used to diagnose lung disorders such as Asthma, emphysema and bronchitis. They are also ordered by pulmonology specialists for determining the effects of prescribed ... a methacholine aerosol that is inhaled in increasing amounts before and after a spirometry tes

Pulmonary function tests?

Description : Pulmonary function tests?

Last Answer : DefinitionPulmonary function tests are a group of tests that measure how well the lungs take in and release air and how well they move gases such as oxygen from the atmosphere into the body's circulation. ... way is to sit in a sealed, clear box that looks like a telephone booth (body plethy

Pulmonary ventilation/perfusion scan?

Description : Pulmonary ventilation/perfusion scan?

Last Answer : DefinitionA pulmonary ventilation/perfusion scan is a pair of nuclear scan tests. These tests use inhaled and injected radioactive material (radioisotopes) to measure breathing (ventilation) and ... location of the radioactive particles.During the ventilation scan, you breathe in radioactive gas

Respiratory acidosis can occur in all of the following except (A) Pulmonary oedema (B) Hysterical hyperventilation (C) Pneumothorax (D) Emphysema

Description : Respiratory acidosis can occur in all of the following except (A) Pulmonary oedema (B) Hysterical hyperventilation (C) Pneumothorax (D) Emphysema

Last Answer : Answer : B

An increase in LDH-5 enzyme is seen in the following except (A) Acute hepatitis (B) Muscular distrophies (C) Breast carcinoma (D) Pulmonary embolism

Description : An increase in LDH-5 enzyme is seen in the following except (A) Acute hepatitis (B) Muscular distrophies (C) Breast carcinoma (D) Pulmonary embolism

Last Answer : Answer : D

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning oxygen consumption (O2)? a. O2 is normally 100–120 cc2/m2/min b. Resting O2 is controlled by the level of thyroid and catecholamine hormones c. Under steady state conditions the amount of oxygen consumed exceeds the amount of oxygen taken up by the pulmonary capillaries d. O2 is dependent on the status of pulmonary function

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning oxygen consumption (O2)? a. O2 is normally 100-120 cc2/m2/min b. Resting O2 is controlled by the level of thyroid and catecholamine ... of oxygen taken up by the pulmonary capillaries d. O2 is dependent on the status of pulmonary function

Last Answer : Answer: a, b Oxygen consumed in the process of metabolism is expressed as the volume of oxygen per minute (O2). O2 is normally 100-120 cc2/m2/min, or 200 cc/min for a typical adult. ... , so we measure O2 across the lung and assume that it is exactly the amount consumed in the systemic metabolism

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the treatment of pulmonary interstitial edema? a. Diuresis and blood transfusion is a valuable step b. Salt-poor albumin leaks through the capillaries and worsens the condition c. Mannitol is contraindicated as a diuretic in this clinical situation d. Isoproterenol is a poor choice as an ionotropic agent

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the treatment of pulmonary interstitial edema? a. Diuresis and blood transfusion is a valuable step b. Salt-poor albumin leaks through the ... a diuretic in this clinical situation d. Isoproterenol is a poor choice as an ionotropic agent

Last Answer : Answer: a Treatment of pulmonary edema has two important goals, the first is to improve oxygenation if it is impaired, and the second is to minimize fibrosis and bacterial infection, which often ... leaks out , the short term effects of expanding blood volume and decrease in edema will appear

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the relationship between cardiac function and effective blood volume? a. A pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of 5–10 rules out fluid overload as a cause of pulmonary edema b. A shift to the right in the Frank-Starling curve is associated with compromised cardiac function c. Dilutional anemia may contribute to tachycardia even though blood volume and filling pressures are normal d. The sole purpose of a pulmonary artery catheter is to measure pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac output

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the relationship between cardiac function and effective blood volume? a. A pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of 5-10 rules out ... sole purpose of a pulmonary artery catheter is to measure pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac output

Last Answer : Answer: b, c Although physical findings are often adequate to establish a diagnosis and institute management of cardiac failure, direct measurement of filling pressures of the right heart ( ... blood volume is normal, filling pressures are normal, and total body extracellular fluid is excessive

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the multiorgan failure syndrome (MOFS)? a. Changes in the splanchnic and pulmonary microcirculation are critical to the development of MOFS b. Tissue fixed microphages, including the liver Kupffer cell, have little role in the development of MOFS c. MOFS represents systemic consequences of loss of homeostatic control of local inflammation and microcirculatory hypoperfusion d. The nature of MOFS is highly dependent upon the etiology of the underlying problem

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the multiorgan failure syndrome (MOFS)? a. Changes in the splanchnic and pulmonary microcirculation are critical to the development of MOFS ... d. The nature of MOFS is highly dependent upon the etiology of the underlying problem

Last Answer : Answer: a, c The nature of multiorgan failure syndrome (MOFS) is that of a diffuse cellular injury, developing systemically as a consequence of losing homeostatic control of local ... of microorganism. In noninfectious cases, the response also appears independent of the specific underlying cause

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the effects of MOFS? a. Pulmonary dysfunction tends to arise early and may resolve within 7 to 10 days b. Unless the precipitating insult has prompted oliguric acute tubular necrosis, renal function tends to be maintained early in the course of MOFS c. Although hepatic dysfunction is common with MOFS, the GI tract plays little role in this process d. Intercurrent nosocomial infection, most commonly pulmonary, is a common complication providing a “second hit” to the patient

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the effects of MOFS? a. Pulmonary dysfunction tends to arise early and may resolve within 7 to 10 days b. Unless the precipitating ... infection, most commonly pulmonary, is a common complication providing a second hit to the patient

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, d Pulmonary dysfunction typically arises early in the development of systemic inflammation and may represent mild relatively localized acute lung injury or it may be a prelude ... is marked by progressive rise in serum bilirubin levels after a latent period of several days

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the pulmonary response to shock? a. The acute pulmonary vascular response to shock differs markedly from that of systemic vasculature b. The pulmonary edema of ARDS occurs in the face of elevated left heart pressures c. The initial physiologic changes of ARDS involve the capillary endothelial cells and the type I pneumocyte d. Mechanisms proposed in the pathogenesis of ARDS include injury from mediators of inflammation elsewhere and from activated cellular elements e. A decrease in lung compliance may result from the loss of type I pneumocytes

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the pulmonary response to shock? a. The acute pulmonary vascular response to shock differs markedly from that of systemic vasculature b. The ... elements e. A decrease in lung compliance may result from the loss of type I pneumocytes

Last Answer : Answer: c, d, e Contributing pathophysiologic processes to the pulmonary manifestations of shock include the pulmonary component of the cardiovascular response, disruption of the normal ... injury from mediators of inflammation elaborated elsewhere, and from activated cellular blood elements

The following statement(s) is/are true concerning viral infections. a. The most common post-transplantation viral infections are caused by herpes viruses and include CMV and herpes simplex virus b. Viral infections occur at equal frequency anytime during the post-transplantation period c. CMV infection in the post-transplant patient is most likely a pulmonary process d. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection primarily presents with a mononucleosis-type syndrome with fever, lethargy, and cough

Description : The following statement(s) is/are true concerning viral infections. a. The most common post-transplantation viral infections are caused by herpes viruses and include CMV and herpes simplex virus ... HSV) infection primarily presents with a mononucleosis-type syndrome with fever, lethargy, and cough

Last Answer : Answer: a, c, Solid organ transplant patients are prone to develop viral infection by virtue of exogenous immunosuppression. The most common post-transplantation viral infections are those ... transplant patient or as painful herpes zoster in patients who have previously developed chicken pox

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the results of a National Institute of Health Consensus Conference on venous thrombosis and low-dose heparin prophylaxis? a. The odds of developing deep venous thrombosis with low-dose heparin prophylaxis decreases by 67% b. The risk of pulmonary embolism is decreased by almost 50% c. There is no increase in mortality from other causes found in patients treated with low-dose heparin d. There was no difference in the incidence of bleeding complications

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the results of a National Institute of Health Consensus Conference on venous thrombosis and low-dose heparin prophylaxis? a. The odds of ... treated with low-dose heparin d. There was no difference in the incidence of bleeding complications

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c In a metaanalysis of 70 randomized trials in 16,000 patients comparing low-dose heparin prophylaxis with standard therapy, the odds of developing deep venous thrombosis ... Similarly, the effectiveness of prophylaxis was not influenced by either two or three times daily dosage

Glucose overload results in increased CO 2 production. Which of the following statements are true? A. In patients with respiratory insufficiency, administration of glucose as a principal calorie source is contraindicated. B. In patients with pulmonary infection and sepsis, calorie support should consist of 95% fat and 5% glucose. C. In Askanazi's study, increased CO 2 production and difficulty in weaning was associated only with pronounced overfeeding. D. CO 2 production should be measured in most patients who are supported by respirators in intensive care units and are receiving nutritional support.

Description : Glucose overload results in increased CO 2 production. Which of the following statements are true? A. In patients with respiratory insufficiency, administration of glucose as a principal calorie ... who are supported by respirators in intensive care units and are receiving nutritional support.

Last Answer : Answer: C DISCUSSION: Few papers have excited as much interest as that by Askanazi, Kinney, and co-workers, which demonstrated that glucose calories given to patients with severe respiratory ... the caloric requirement and glucose for the remainder, without much fear of excessive CO 2 production