The various public health measures against infectious diseases includes the following – 1.Education – People should be educated about the infectious diseases so that they may protect themselves against the infections. 2.A people suffering from any infections should be isolated to avoid its transmission to any other person. 3.Vaccination – People should get vaccination to avoid infection. Vaccination is available against cholera, typhoid, TB etc. 4.Sanitation – Sanitary surroundings can prevent spread of diseases. Public hygiene includes – suitable disposal of waste & human excreta; periodic cleaning and disinfection of water sources; observing normal practices of hygiene in public catering. Personal hygiene includes keeping the body clean, intake of clean drinking water, vegetables, fruits etc. 5.Eradication of vectors – The breeding places of vectors should be destroyed & adult vectors killed by appropriate methods.