US entry into the war adversely affected both Vietnamese and the Americans. Effects on Vietnamese (i) Incalculable damage was done to Vietnam as a result of the heavy bombings by the American troops. (ii) The widespread attacks and use of chemical weapons—Napalm, Agent Orange,and phosphorous bombs destroyed many villages and ruined jungles. (iii) Civilians died in large numbers. Effects on Americans (i) The anger spread in the low working class youth for giving their compulsory service in the armed forces. They were drafted for the war because the privileged elite were exempted from it. (ii) The US media and films played a major role in both supporting and criticising the war. Films like John Wayne’s Green Berets (1968) supported the war while films like John Ford Coppola’s Apocalypse Now (1979) revealed the moral confusion that the war had caused in the US.