The normal serum value for potassium is a) 3.5-5.5 mEq/L. Serum potassium must be within normal limits to prevent cardiac dysrhythmias. b) 135-145 mEq/L. Normal serum sodium is 135-145 mEq/L. c) 96-106 mEq/L. Normal serum chloride is 96-106 mEq/L. d) 8.5-10.5 mg/dL. Normal total serum calcium is 8.5-10.5mg/dL.

The normal serum value for potassium is
a) 3.5-5.5 mEq/L.
Serum potassium must be within normal limits to prevent cardiac
dysrhythmias.
b) 135-145 mEq/L.
Normal serum sodium is 135-145 mEq/L.
c) 96-106 mEq/L.
Normal serum chloride is 96-106 mEq/L.
d) 8.5-10.5 mg/dL.
Normal total serum calcium is 8.5-10.5mg/dL.
by

1 Answer

Answer :

a) 3.5-5.5 mEq/L.
Serum potassium must be within normal limits to prevent cardiac
dysrhythmias.
by

Related questions

Normal range of serum sodium is (A) 30–70 mEq/L (B) 70–110 mEq/L (C) 117–135 mEq/L (D) 136–145 mEq/L

Description : Normal range of serum sodium is (A) 30–70 mEq/L (B) 70–110 mEq/L (C) 117–135 mEq/L (D) 136–145 mEq/L

Last Answer : Answer : D

Normal range of serum chloride is (A) 24–27 mEq/L (B) 70–80 mEq/L (C) 100–106 mEq/L (D) 120–140 mEq/L

Description : Normal range of serum chloride is (A) 24–27 mEq/L (B) 70–80 mEq/L (C) 100–106 mEq/L (D) 120–140 mEq/L

Last Answer : Answer : C

Which of the normal range of ionized calcium in plasma is (A) 2-4 mg/dl (B) 2-4 mEq/L (C) 4-5 mg/dl (D) 4-5 mEq/L

Description : Which of the normal range of ionized calcium in plasma is (A) 2-4 mg/dl (B) 2-4 mEq/L (C) 4-5 mg/dl (D) 4-5 mEq/L

Last Answer : Answer : C

When the post-cardiac surgery patient demonstrates restlessness, nausea, weakness, and peaked T waves, the nurse reviews the patient’s serum electrolytes anticipating which abnormality? a) Hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia is indicated by mental confusion, restlessness, nausea, weakness, and dysrhythmias (tall, peaked T waves). b) Hypercalcemia Hypercalcemia would likely be demonstrated by asystole. c) Hypomagnesemia Hypomagenesemia would likely be demonstrated by hypotension, lethargy, and vasodilation. d) Hyponatremia Hyponatremia would likely be indicated by weakness, fatigue, and confusion without change in T wave formation

Description : When the post-cardiac surgery patient demonstrates restlessness, nausea, weakness, and peaked T waves, the nurse reviews the patient's serum electrolytes anticipating which abnormality? a) Hyperkalemia ... likely be indicated by weakness, fatigue, and confusion without change in T wave formation

Last Answer : a) Hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia is indicated by mental confusion, restlessness, nausea, weakness, and dysrhythmias (tall, peaked T waves).

Which of the following statements are true of a patient with hyperglycemia and hyponatremia? A. The sodium concentration must be corrected by 5 mEq. per 100 mg. per 100 ml. elevation in blood glucose. B. With normal renal function, this patient is likely to be volume overloaded. C. Proper fluid therapy would be unlikely to include potassium administration. D. Insulin administration will increase the potassium content of cells. E. Early in treatment adequate urine output is a reliable measure of adequate volume resuscitation.

Description : Which of the following statements are true of a patient with hyperglycemia and hyponatremia? A. The sodium concentration must be corrected by 5 mEq. per 100 mg. per 100 ml. elevation in blood ... . E. Early in treatment adequate urine output is a reliable measure of adequate volume resuscitation.

Last Answer : Answer: D DISCUSSION: Each 100-mg. per 100 ml. elevation in blood glucose causes a fall in serum sodium concentration of approximately 2 mEq. per liter. Excess serum glucose ... correction of the patient's associated acidosis produce movement of potassium ions into the intracellular compartment

When performing endotracheal suctioning, the nurse applies suctioning while withdrawing and gently rotating the catheter 360 degrees for which of the following time periods? a) 10-15 seconds In general, the nurse should apply suction no longer than 10-15 seconds because hypoxia and dysrhythmias may develop, leading to cardiac arrest. b) 30-35 seconds Applying suction for 30-35 seconds is hazardous and may result in the patient’s developing hypoxia, which can lead to dysrhythmias and, ultimately, cardiac arrest.

Description : When performing endotracheal suctioning, the nurse applies suctioning while withdrawing and gently rotating the catheter 360 degrees for which of the following time periods? a) 10-15 seconds In general ... suction for 0-5 seconds would provide too little time for effective suctioning of secretions.

Last Answer : a) 10-15 seconds In general, the nurse should apply suction no longer than 10-15 seconds because hypoxia and dysrhythmias may develop, leading to cardiac arrest.

Normal range of serum potassium is (A) 2.1-3.4 mEq/L (B) 3.5-5.3 mEq/L (C) 5.4–7.4 mEq/L (D) 7.5–9.5 mEq/L

Description : Normal range of serum potassium is (A) 2.1-3.4 mEq/L (B) 3.5-5.3 mEq/L (C) 5.4–7.4 mEq/L (D) 7.5–9.5 mEq/L

Last Answer : Answer : B

A 53-year-old man presented with hypertension of 150/110 mmHg. He is generally asymptomatic and has no previous medical history of note. He is a smoker of 5 cigarettes daily and drinks modest quantities of alcohol. He takes no prescribed medications. Examination reveals a BMI of 33.5 kg/2 but nil else. The following detail his investigations: Serum sodium 146 mmol/l (NR 133-145) Serum potassium 3.2 mmol/l (NR 3.5 - 5) Urinary potassium excretion 42 mmol/l (NR less than 30) What is the likely diagnosis? 1) Adrenocortical adenoma 2) Bartter's syndrome 3) Liddle's syndrome 4) Liquorice ingestion 5) Pheochromocytoma

Description : A 53-year-old man presented with hypertension of 150/110 mmHg. He is generally asymptomatic and has no previous medical history of note. He is a smoker of 5 cigarettes daily and drinks ... Adrenocortical adenoma 2) Bartter's syndrome 3) Liddle's syndrome 4) Liquorice ingestion 5) Pheochromocytoma

Last Answer : Answers-1 This patient is most likely to have Conn's syndrome as reflected by the hypokalaemic hypertension. Liquorice ingestion or Liddle's syndrome are again possible causes of ... hypertension (often diastolic hypertension), muscular weakness, paresthesias, headache, polyuria, and polydipsia."

Which of the following electrolytes is a major anion in body fluid? a) Chloride Chloride is a major anion found in extracellular fluid. b) Potassium Potassium is a cation. c) Sodium Sodium is a cation. d) Calcium Calcium is a cation.

Description : Which of the following electrolytes is a major anion in body fluid? a) Chloride Chloride is a major anion found in extracellular fluid. b) Potassium Potassium is a cation. c) Sodium Sodium is a cation. d) Calcium Calcium is a cation.

Last Answer : a) Chloride Chloride is a major anion found in extracellular fluid.

A 19 year-old female is referred following a visit to the dentist where marked erosion of her teeth was noted. She was entirely asymptomatic and her only medication was the oral contraceptive pill. On examination her blood pressure was 110/70 mmHg and her body mass index was 21.5 kg/m2 (18 - 25). Investigations sodium 135 mmol/l potassium 2.1 mmol/l bicarbonate 42 mmol/l urea 2.6 mol/L corrected calcium 2.08 mmol/ alkaline phosphatase 201 iu/l (50-110) What is the most likely diagnosis? 1) Bulimia nervosa 2) Conn's syndrome 3) Laxative abuse 4) Pregnancy 5) Primary hypoparathyroidism

Description : A 19 year-old female is referred following a visit to the dentist where marked erosion of her teeth was noted. She was entirely asymptomatic and her only medication was the oral contraceptive pill ... ) Bulimia nervosa 2) Conn's syndrome 3) Laxative abuse 4) Pregnancy 5) Primary hypoparathyroidism

Last Answer : Answers-5 This patient has tooth erosion associated with hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis and hypocalcaemia. This suggests a diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism. Conn's is unlikely in this age group, is ... raised alkaline phosphatase would not be expected. Early pregnancy would not fit this picture.

Which of the following electrolytes is a major cation in body fluid? a) Potassium Potassium is a major cation that affects cardiac muscle functioning. b) Chloride Chloride is an anion. c) Bicarbonate Bicarbonate is an anion. d) Phosphate Phosphate is an anion.

Description : Which of the following electrolytes is a major cation in body fluid? a) Potassium Potassium is a major cation that affects cardiac muscle functioning. b) Chloride Chloride is an anion. c) Bicarbonate Bicarbonate is an anion. d) Phosphate Phosphate is an anion.

Last Answer : a) Potassium Potassium is a major cation that affects cardiac muscle functioning.

A patient with coronary artery disease has raised serum triglyceride level (500 mg/dl) but normal total cholesterol level (150 mg/dl). Which hypolipidemic drug should be prescribed: A. Probucol B. Gemfibrozil C. Cholestyramine D. Lovastatin

Description : A patient with coronary artery disease has raised serum triglyceride level (500 mg/dl) but normal total cholesterol level (150 mg/dl). Which hypolipidemic drug should be prescribed: A. Probucol B. Gemfibrozil C. Cholestyramine D. Lovastatin

Last Answer : B. Gemfibrozil

The product of serum calcium concentration (mg/dl) and serum inorganic phosphorous concentration (mg/dl) is decreased in (A) Rickets (B) Hypoparathyroidism (C) Hyperparathyroidism (D) Renal failure

Description : The product of serum calcium concentration (mg/dl) and serum inorganic phosphorous concentration (mg/dl) is decreased in (A) Rickets (B) Hypoparathyroidism (C) Hyperparathyroidism (D) Renal failure

Last Answer : Answer : A

The product of serum calcium concentration (mg/dl) and serum inorganic phosphorous concentration (mg/dl) in children is about (A) 30 (B) 40 (C) 50 (D) 60

Description : The product of serum calcium concentration (mg/dl) and serum inorganic phosphorous concentration (mg/dl) in children is about (A) 30 (B) 40 (C) 50 (D) 60

Last Answer : Answer : C

The product of serum calcium concentration (mg/dl) and serum inorganic phosphorous concentration (mg/dl) in adults is about (A) 30 (B) 40 (C) 50 (D) 60

Description : The product of serum calcium concentration (mg/dl) and serum inorganic phosphorous concentration (mg/dl) in adults is about (A) 30 (B) 40 (C) 50 (D) 60

Last Answer : Answer : A

A 75-year-old man had been receiving gentamicin (an aminoglycoside antibiotic) to treat an urinary tract infection. After three months of therapy patient's serum creatinine levels were 10 mg/dL ( normal 0.5-1.2) and serum gentamicin concentrations obtained just before the last dose were 9 mg/dL (normal < 2). Which of the following is the most likely adverse drug reaction the patient was suffering from? a) Type II allergic reaction b)Type III allergic reaction c) Pseudo allergic reaction d) Overdose toxicity

Description : A 75-year-old man had been receiving gentamicin (an aminoglycoside antibiotic) to treat an urinary tract infection. After three months of therapy patient's serum creatinine levels were 10 mg/ ... Type II allergic reaction b)Type III allergic reaction c) Pseudo allergic reaction d) Overdose toxicity

Last Answer : d) Overdose toxicity 

Bleeding complications are frequently associated with fibrinolytic therapy. Which of the following statement(s) concerning complications of fibrinolytic therapy is/are true? a. Careful monitoring of prothrombin time and aPTT time are necessary to avoid bleeding complications b. A level of serum fibrinogen less than 100 mg/dl is associated with an increased risk of bleeding c. Recent (less than 10 days) major surgery is a contraindication to systemic but not regional fibrinolytic therapy d. A patient with a cerebrovascular event occurring less than two months ago can be treated with fibrinolytic therapy if head CT scan is normal

Description : Bleeding complications are frequently associated with fibrinolytic therapy. Which of the following statement(s) concerning complications of fibrinolytic therapy is/are true? a. Careful monitoring of prothrombin time ... months ago can be treated with fibrinolytic therapy if head CT scan is normal

Last Answer : Answer: b Fibrinolytic therapy induces a hemostatic defect through a combination of factors. Hypofibrinogenemia and fibrin degradation products inhibit fibrin polymerization and, in combination ... is considered a major relative contraindication to either regional or systemic thrombolytic therapy

What is the normal level of K+ in the serum ? (A) 137–148 mEq/L (B) 120–160 mEq/L (C) 3.9–5.0 mEq/L (D) 0.3–0.59 mEq/L

Description : What is the normal level of K+ in the serum ? (A) 137–148 mEq/L (B) 120–160 mEq/L (C) 3.9–5.0 mEq/L (D) 0.3–0.59 mEq/L

Last Answer : Answer : C

The normal serum CO2 content is (A) 18–20 meq/L (B) 24–29 meq/L (C) 30–34 meq/L (D) 35–38 meq/L

Description : The normal serum CO2 content is (A) 18–20 meq/L (B) 24–29 meq/L (C) 30–34 meq/L (D) 35–38 meq/L

Last Answer : Answer : B

69. When Marina checked the capillary blood glucose of the client at 6 PM before meals as instructed by the senior nurse, the result showed 65 mg/dl. Which of the following will Marina do first?

Description : 69. When Marina checked the capillary blood glucose of the client at 6 PM before meals as instructed by the senior nurse, the result showed 65 mg/dl. Which of the following will Marina do first?

Last Answer : C. Check the physician’s order in case CBG is below 70 mg/dl

Normal range of serum globulin is (A) 2.0–3.6 mg/dl (B) 2.0–3.6 gm/dl (C) 3.5–5.5 mg/dl (D) 3.5–5.5 gm/dl

Description : Normal range of serum globulin is (A) 2.0–3.6 mg/dl (B) 2.0–3.6 gm/dl (C) 3.5–5.5 mg/dl (D) 3.5–5.5 gm/dl

Last Answer : Answer : B

Normal range of serum albumin is (A) 2.0–3.6 gm/dl (B) 2.0–3.6 mg/dl (C) 3.5–5.5 gm/dl (D) 3.5–5.5 mg/dl

Description : Normal range of serum albumin is (A) 2.0–3.6 gm/dl (B) 2.0–3.6 mg/dl (C) 3.5–5.5 gm/dl (D) 3.5–5.5 mg/dl

Last Answer : Answer : C

Normal range of serum creatinine is (A) 0.6–1.5 mg/dl (B) 9–11 mg/dl (C) 20–45 mg/dl (D) 60–100 mg/dl

Description : Normal range of serum creatinine is (A) 0.6–1.5 mg/dl (B) 9–11 mg/dl (C) 20–45 mg/dl (D) 60–100 mg/dl

Last Answer : Answer : A

Normal range of serum urea is (A) 0.6–1.5 mg/dl (B) 9–11 mg/dl (C) 20–45 mg/dl (D) 60–100 mg/dl

Description : Normal range of serum urea is (A) 0.6–1.5 mg/dl (B) 9–11 mg/dl (C) 20–45 mg/dl (D) 60–100 mg/dl

Last Answer : Answer : C

Specific drug therapy to lower serum triglycerides (TG) in a subject with normal LDL-cholesterol level is indicated: A. In all subjects with serum TG> 150 mg/dl B. In subjects with existing coronary artery disease and serum TG > 150 mg/dl C. In subjects with HDL-cholesterol < 40 mg/dl and serum TG > 150 mg/dl D. Both 'B' and 'C' are correct

Description : Specific drug therapy to lower serum triglycerides (TG) in a subject with normal LDL-cholesterol level is indicated: A. In all subjects with serum TG> 150 mg/dl B. In subjects with existing coronary artery disease and serum TG ... < 40 mg/dl and serum TG > 150 mg/dl D. Both 'B' and 'C' are correct

Last Answer : D. Both 'B' and 'C' are correct

For therapeutic effect in manic depressive illness, steady-state serum lithium concentration should be maintained between: A. 0.2–0.4 mEq/L B. 0.5–0.8 mEq/L C. 1.0–1.3 mEq/L D. 1.5–2.5 mEq/L

Description : For therapeutic effect in manic depressive illness, steady-state serum lithium concentration should be maintained between: A. 0.2–0.4 mEq/L B. 0.5–0.8 mEq/L C. 1.0–1.3 mEq/L D. 1.5–2.5 mEq/L

Last Answer : B. 0.5–0.8 mEq/L

A 70-year-old patient presented with weakness, tiredness and muscle cramps. The ECG showed Q-T prolongation, flattening of T wave and occasional A-V block. His serum K+ was low (2.8 mEq/L). He admitted taking a laxative every day for the past several months. Which laxative could be responsible for the above condition: A. Bisacodyl B. Liquid paraffin C. Methylcellulose D. Bran

Description : A 70-year-old patient presented with weakness, tiredness and muscle cramps. The ECG showed Q-T prolongation, flattening of T wave and occasional A-V block. His serum K+ was low (2.8 mEq ... could be responsible for the above condition: A. Bisacodyl B. Liquid paraffin C. Methylcellulose D. Bran

Last Answer : A. Bisacodyl

The normal range of plasma calcium is (A) 3-5 mg/dl (B) 5-10 mg/dl (C) 9-11 mg/dl (D) 11-15 mg/dl

Description : The normal range of plasma calcium is (A) 3-5 mg/dl (B) 5-10 mg/dl (C) 9-11 mg/dl (D) 11-15 mg/dl

Last Answer : Answer : C

Serum magnesium level ranges between (A) 2–3 mg/dl (B) 3–5 mg/dl (C) 6–8 mg/dl (D) 9–11 mg/dl

Description : Serum magnesium level ranges between (A) 2–3 mg/dl (B) 3–5 mg/dl (C) 6–8 mg/dl (D) 9–11 mg/dl

Last Answer : Answer : A

Normal range of total thyroxine in serum is (A) 0.8–2.4 ng/dl (B) 0.8–2.4 µg/dl (C) 5–12 ng/dl (D) 5–12 µg/dl

Description : Normal range of total thyroxine in serum is (A) 0.8–2.4 ng/dl (B) 0.8–2.4 µg/dl (C) 5–12 ng/dl (D) 5–12 µg/dl

Last Answer : Answer : D

Normal range of total tri-iodothyronine in serum is (A) 0.1–0.2 ng/dl (B) 0.1–0.2 µg/dl (C) 0.8–2.4 ng/dl (D) 0.8–2.4 µg/dl

Description : Normal range of total tri-iodothyronine in serum is (A) 0.1–0.2 ng/dl (B) 0.1–0.2 µg/dl (C) 0.8–2.4 ng/dl (D) 0.8–2.4 µg/dl

Last Answer : Answer : B

Normal total serum calcium level varies between (A) 4–5 mg (B) 9–11 mg (C) 15–20 mg (D) 50–100 mg WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 281

Description : Normal total serum calcium level varies between (A) 4–5 mg (B) 9–11 mg (C) 15–20 mg (D) 50–100 mg WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 281

Last Answer : Answer : B

Which of the following ECG characteristics is usually seen when a patient’s serum potassium level is low? a) U wave The U wave is an ECG waveform characteristic that may reflect Purkinje fiber repolarization. It is usually seen when a patient’s serum potassium level is low. b) T wave The T wave is an ECG characteristic reflecting repolarization of the ventricles. It may become tall or “peaked” if a patient’s serum potassium level is high. c) P wave The P wave is an ECG characteristic reflecting conduction of an electrical impulse through the atria. d) QT interval The QT interval is an ECG characteristic reflecting the time from ventricular depolarization to repolarization.

Description : Which of the following ECG characteristics is usually seen when a patient's serum potassium level is low? a) U wave The U wave is an ECG waveform characteristic that may ... interval The QT interval is an ECG characteristic reflecting the time from ventricular depolarization to repolarization.

Last Answer : a) U wave The U wave is an ECG waveform characteristic that may reflect Purkinje fiber repolarization. It is usually seen when a patient’s serum potassium level is low.

During Phase 2 of action potential in cardiac cell, depolarizing current through calcium channels is balanced by (a) Delayed rectifier potassium current (b) outward chloride channel (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of the above

Description : During Phase 2 of action potential in cardiac cell, depolarizing current through calcium channels is balanced by (a) Delayed rectifier potassium current (b) outward chloride channel (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of the above

Last Answer : Ans: A

A 15-year-old girl was seen by her family physician because of increasing lethargy. She had a recent history of the "flu". Biochemistry tests show that she has renal impairement. serum sodium 140 mmol/L (137 - 144) serum potassium 4.2 mmol/L (3.5 - 4.9) serum urea 28 mol/L (2.5 - 7.5) serum creatinine 280 µmol/L (60 - 110) Her condition does not improve after several weeks on corticosteroid therapy, so a renal biopsy is performed. The biopsy demonstrates the presence of segmental sclerosis of 3 of 10 glomeruli identified in the biopsy specimen. Immunofluorescence studies and electron microscopy do not reveal evidence for immune deposits. What is the most appropriate advice to give regarding her condition? 1) She has an underlying malignancy 2) She may require a renal transplant in 10 years

Description : A 15-year-old girl was seen by her family physician because of increasing lethargy. She had a recent history of the "flu". Biochemistry tests show that she has renal impairement. ... will likely develop a restrictive lung disease 5) She will probably improve with additional corticosteroid therapy

Last Answer : Answers-2 The findings point to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), which leads to chronic renal failure in half of cases. The lack of resolution with corticosteroid therapy and the progression to chronic renal failure is what sets FSGS apart from minimal change disease.

n a 50-year-old male without any other coronary artery disease risk factor, hypocholesterolemic drugs are considered necessary when the serum LDLcholesterol level is higher than: A. 130 mg/dl B. 160 mg/dl C. 190 mg/dl D. 240 mg/d

Description : n a 50-year-old male without any other coronary artery disease risk factor, hypocholesterolemic drugs are considered necessary when the serum LDLcholesterol level is higher than: A. 130 mg/dl B. 160 mg/dl C. 190 mg/dl D. 240 mg/d

Last Answer : C. 190 mg/dl

A 75 year old man presents with a long history of shortness of breath and ankle oedema. His serum biochemistry shows sodium 122 mmols/l and potassium of 2.9 mmols/l. He now complains of weakness.Which of the following is likely to explain the above biochemical picture? 1) Addison's Disease 2) Nephrotic syndrome 3) Primary hyperaldosteronism 4) SIADH 5) Diuretic therapy

Description : A 75 year old man presents with a long history of shortness of breath and ankle oedema. His serum biochemistry shows sodium 122 mmols/l and potassium of 2.9 mmols/l. He now complains of ... ? 1) Addison's Disease 2) Nephrotic syndrome 3) Primary hyperaldosteronism 4) SIADH 5) Diuretic therapy

Last Answer : Answers-5 The long history of his symptoms and serum biochemistry suggests that his condition is due to treatment with frusemide for CCF.

With view to Nitrous Oxide what is the major pharmacological problem? A. Contraindicated in pregnancy B. Contra indicated in cardiac dysrhythmias C. Diffusion hypoxia at the end of the case due to slow solubility of the agent in blood

Description : With view to Nitrous Oxide what is the major pharmacological problem? A. Contraindicated in pregnancy B. Contra indicated in cardiac dysrhythmias C. Diffusion hypoxia at the end of the case due to slow solubility of the agent in blood

Last Answer : C. Diffusion hypoxia at the end of the case due to slow solubility of the agent in blood

The normal concentration of potassium in human plasma in meq/I is about (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 5

Description : The normal concentration of potassium in human plasma in meq/I is about (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 5

Last Answer : Answer : D

Normal serum free testosterone in adult men varies between (A) 1–5 ng/dl (B) 6–9 ng/dl (C) 10–30 ng/dl (D) 50–100 ng/dl 214 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

Description : Normal serum free testosterone in adult men varies between (A) 1–5 ng/dl (B) 6–9 ng/dl (C) 10–30 ng/dl (D) 50–100 ng/dl 214 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

Last Answer : Answer : C

Which stage of shock is best described as that stage when the mechanisms that regulate blood pressure fail to sustain a systolic pressure above 90 mm Hg? a) Progressive In the progressive stage of shock, the mechanisms that regulate blood pressure can no longer compensate, and the mean arterial pressure falls below normal limits. b) Refractory The refractory or irreversible stage of shock represents the point at which organ damage is so severe that the patient does not respond to treatment and cannot survive.

Description : Which stage of shock is best described as that stage when the mechanisms that regulate blood pressure fail to sustain a systolic pressure above 90 mm Hg? a) Progressive In the progressive stage of ... which organ damage is so severe that the patient does not respond to treatment and cannot survive.

Last Answer : a) Progressive In the progressive stage of shock, the mechanisms that regulate blood pressure can no longer compensate, and the mean arterial pressure falls below normal limits.

Normal serum free testosterone in adult women varies between (A) 0.0–0.2 ng/dl (B) 0.3–2 ng/dl (C) 10–30 ng/dl (D) 50–100 ng/dl

Description : Normal serum free testosterone in adult women varies between (A) 0.0–0.2 ng/dl (B) 0.3–2 ng/dl (C) 10–30 ng/dl (D) 50–100 ng/dl

Last Answer : Answer : B

The normal range of total serum bilirubin is (A) 0.2–1.2 mg/100 ml (B) 1.5–1.8 mg/100 ml (C) 2.0–4.0 mg/100 ml (D) Above 7.0 mg/100 ml

Description : The normal range of total serum bilirubin is (A) 0.2–1.2 mg/100 ml (B) 1.5–1.8 mg/100 ml (C) 2.0–4.0 mg/100 ml (D) Above 7.0 mg/100 ml

Last Answer : Answer : A

In order to help prevent the development of an external rotation deformity of the hip in a patient who must remain in bed for any period of time, the most appropriate nursing action would be to use a) a trochanter roll extending from the crest of the ilium to the midthigh. A trochanter roll, properly placed, provides resistance to the external rotation of the hip. b) pillows under the lower legs. Pillows under the legs will not prevent the hips from rotating externally. c) a hip-abductor pillow. A hip-abductor pillow is used for the patient after total hip replacement surgery. d) a footboard. A footboard will not prevent the hips from rotating externally.

Description : In order to help prevent the development of an external rotation deformity of the hip in a patient who must remain in bed for any period of time, the most appropriate nursing action would be ... hip replacement surgery. d) a footboard. A footboard will not prevent the hips from rotating externally.

Last Answer : a) a trochanter roll extending from the crest of the ilium to the midthigh. A trochanter roll, properly placed, provides resistance to the external rotation of the hip.

When the nurse notes that the post cardiac surgery patient demonstrates low urine output (< 25 ml/hr) with high specific gravity (> 1.025), the nurse suspects: a) Inadequate fluid volume Urine output of less than 25 ml/hr may indicate a decrease in cardiac output. A high specific gravity indicates increased concentration of solutes in the urine which occurs with inadequate fluid volume. b) Normal glomerular filtration Indices of normal glomerular filtration are output of 25 ml or greater per hour and specific gravity between 1.010 and 1.025. c) Overhydration Overhydration is manifested by high urine output with low specific gravity. d) Anuria The anuric patient does not produce urine.

Description : When the nurse notes that the post cardiac surgery patient demonstrates low urine output (< 25 ml/hr) with high specific gravity (> 1.025), the nurse suspects: a) Inadequate fluid volume Urine ... by high urine output with low specific gravity. d) Anuria The anuric patient does not produce urine.

Last Answer : a) Inadequate fluid volume Urine output of less than 25 ml/hr may indicate a decrease in cardiac output. A high specific gravity indicates increased concentration of solutes in the urine which occurs with inadequate fluid volume.

To calculate the ideal body weight for a woman, the nurse allows a) 100 pounds for 5 feet of height. To calculate the ideal body weight of a woman, the nurse allows 100 pounds for 5 feet of height and adds 5 pounds for each additional inch over 5 feet b) 106 pounds for 5 feet of height. The nurse allows 106 pounds for 5 feet of height in calculating the ideal body weight for a man. c) 6 pounds for each additional inch over 5 feet. The nurse adds 6 pounds for each additional inch over 5 feet in calculating the ideal body weight for a man. d) 80 pounds for 5 feet of height. Eighty pounds for 5 feet of height is too little.

Description : To calculate the ideal body weight for a woman, the nurse allows a) 100 pounds for 5 feet of height. To calculate the ideal body weight of a woman, the nurse allows 100 pounds for 5 feet of height and adds ... man. d) 80 pounds for 5 feet of height. Eighty pounds for 5 feet of height is too little.

Last Answer : a) 100 pounds for 5 feet of height. To calculate the ideal body weight of a woman, the nurse allows 100 pounds for 5 feet of height and adds 5 pounds for each additional inch over 5 feet

Which of the following ranges identifies the amount of pressure within the endotracheal tube cuff that is believed to prevent both injury and aspiration? a) 20-25 mm Hg water pressure. Usually the pressure is maintained at less than 25 cm water pressure to prevent injury and at more than 20 cm water pressure to prevent aspiration. b) 10-15 mm Hg water pressure. A measure of 10–15 mm Hg water pressure would indicate that the cuff is underinflated. c) 30-35 mm Hg water pressure. A measure of 30–35 mm Hg water pressure would indicate that the cuff is overinflated. d) 0-5 mm Hg water pressure A measure of 0-5 mm Hg water pressure would indicate that the cuff is underinflated.

Description : Which of the following ranges identifies the amount of pressure within the endotracheal tube cuff that is believed to prevent both injury and aspiration? a) 20-25 mm Hg water pressure. Usually the ... pressure A measure of 0-5 mm Hg water pressure would indicate that the cuff is underinflated.

Last Answer : a) 20-25 mm Hg water pressure. Usually the pressure is maintained at less than 25 cm water pressure to prevent injury and at more than 20 cm water pressure to prevent aspiration.