Which one of the following is not an antigen? a. A toxin b. A virus c. A bacterial cell d. All (A-C) are antigens

Which one of the following is not an antigen?
a. A toxin
b. A virus
c. A bacterial cell
d. All (A-C) are antigens
by

1 Answer

Answer :

d. All (A-C) are antigens
by

Related questions

A hybridoma cell a. Secretes monoclonal antibodies. b. Presents antigens on its surface. c. Secretes polyclonal antibodies. d. Is an antigen-presenting cell

Description : A hybridoma cell a. Secretes monoclonal antibodies. b. Presents antigens on its surface. c. Secretes polyclonal antibodies. d. Is an antigen-presenting cell

Last Answer : d. Is an antigen-presenting cell

An attenuated vaccine contains a. Inactive toxins. b. Living, but slow growing (replicating) antigens. c. Killed bacteria. d. Noninfective antigen subunits.

Description : An attenuated vaccine contains a. Inactive toxins. b. Living, but slow growing (replicating) antigens. c. Killed bacteria. d. Noninfective antigen subunits.

Last Answer : b. Living, but slow growing (replicating) antigens.

In which of the following case a large lattice is formed? A.Antibody is in excess B.Antigens and antibodies are in optimal proportion C.Antigen is in excess D.None of these

Description : In which of the following case a large lattice is formed? A.Antibody is in excess B.Antigens and antibodies are in optimal proportion C.Antigen is in excess D.None of these

Last Answer : B.Antigens and antibodies are in optimal proportion

In which of the following case a large lattice is formed? A.Antibody is in excess B.Antigens and antibodies are in optimal proportion C.Antigen is in excess D.None of these

Description : In which of the following case a large lattice is formed? A.Antibody is in excess B.Antigens and antibodies are in optimal proportion C.Antigen is in excess D.None of these

Last Answer : B.Antigens and antibodies are in optimal proportion

The role of the M cell is toA- .trap virus in mucus and prevent entry B- induce apoptosis in virus-infected small intestinal epithelia cells C- pass bacteria or virus to underlying macrophages for processing and presentation of antigen D- they use their cilia to propel mucus out of the small intestine

Description : The role of the M cell is to A- .trap virus in mucus and prevent entry B- induce apoptosis in virus-infected small intestinal epithelia cells C- pass bacteria or virus to underlying macrophages for ... and presentation of antigen D- they use their cilia to propel mucus out of the small intestine

Last Answer : pass bacteria or virus to underlying macrophages for processing and presentation of antigen

Weil-Felix reaction is based on sharing of antigens between A.sheep RBCs and EB virus B.mycoplasma and human O group RBCs C.rickettsial antigens and antigens of certain strains of Proteus D.none of these

Description : Weil-Felix reaction is based on sharing of antigens between A.sheep RBCs and EB virus B.mycoplasma and human O group RBCs C.rickettsial antigens and antigens of certain strains of Proteus D.none of these

Last Answer : C.rickettsial antigens and antigens of certain strains of Proteus

A major difference between EHEC and EPEC is A.EHEC secretes a Shiga-like toxin and EPEC does not B.EHEC possesses a type III secretion system and EPEC does not C.EPEC rearranges host cell actin and EHEC does not D.EPEC passes through the placenta to infect the fetus and EHEC does not

Description : A major difference between EHEC and EPEC is A.EHEC secretes a Shiga-like toxin and EPEC does not B.EHEC possesses a type III secretion system and EPEC does not C.EPEC rearranges host cell actin and EHEC does not D.EPEC passes through the placenta to infect the fetus and EHEC does not

Last Answer : A.EHEC secretes a Shiga-like toxin and EPEC does not

What is the direct cause of cell death by diphtheria toxin? A- Formation of an ion channel in the cell membrane B- Inactivation of a translational elongation factorC- Induction of apoptosis D- None of the above

Description : What is the direct cause of cell death by diphtheria toxin? A- Formation of an ion channel in the cell membrane B- Inactivation of a translational elongation factor C- Induction of apoptosis D- None of the above

Last Answer : Inactivation of a translational elongation factor

The initiation of a humoral immune response involves a complex interaction of the antigen, cells and intercellular messengers. Which of the following statement(s) concerning the initiation of the humoral immune response is/are correct? a. Helper T lymphocytes stimulate B lymphocytes through secretion of cytokines such as interleukin 4 and 6 b. A number of cells can aid in presenting the antigen to the helper T cell including B lymphocytes and macrophages c. All antigens require coordinated efforts of the various cellular components of the immune system d. An antigen must be a living microorganism

Description : The initiation of a humoral immune response involves a complex interaction of the antigen, cells and intercellular messengers. Which of the following statement(s) concerning the initiation of the ... various cellular components of the immune system d. An antigen must be a living microorganism

Last Answer : Answer: a, b Stimulation of the immune system occurs after a variety of antigen-presenting cells (B lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and Langerhans cells) act to engulf ... polysaccharides), most antigens require coordinated efforts of the various cellular components of the immune system

What is antisense technology? (a) When a piece of RNA that is complementary in sequence is used to stop expression of a specific gene (b) RNA polymerase producing DNA (c) A cell displaying a foreign antigen used for synthesis of antigens (d) Production of somaclonal variants in tissue cultures

Description : What is antisense technology? (a) When a piece of RNA that is complementary in sequence is used to stop expression of a specific gene (b) RNA polymerase producing DNA (c) A cell displaying a foreign antigen used for synthesis of antigens (d) Production of somaclonal variants in tissue cultures

Last Answer : (a) When a piece of RNA that is complementary in sequence is used to stop expression of a specific gene

T cell receptors (or TCR) on CD4+ T cells A.recognize peptides not associated with MHC molecules B.recognize peptides associated with MHC class I molecules C.recognize peptides associated with MHC class II molecules D.are secreted out into the environment to bind antigens

Description : T cell receptors (or TCR) on CD4+ T cells A.recognize peptides not associated with MHC molecules  B.recognize peptides associated with MHC class I molecules  C.recognize peptides associated with MHC class II molecules  D.are secreted out into the environment to bind antigens

Last Answer : C.recognize peptides associated with MHC class II molecules

Which of the following statements is false regarding B cells? A- B cells can undergo class switching and produce a different antibody type B- B one marrow stem cells migrate to the thymus and develop into B cells C- B cells synthesize antibodies and put them on their cell surface D- B cells that recognize high concentrations of antigens (self) in the absence of other signals

Description : Which of the following statements is false regarding B cells? A- B cells can undergo class switching and produce a different antibody type B- B one marrow stem cells migrate to the thymus and ... D- B cells that recognize high concentrations of antigens (self) in the absence of other signals

Last Answer : B one marrow stem cells migrate to the thymus and develop into B cells

Which of the following is correct?A- All T Cells are CD4+ B- An epitope can have multiple antigens C- .T Cell receptors are generated by random assortment of gene cassettes D- .MHC Class II molecules are generated by random assortment of gene cassettes

Description : Which of the following is correct? A- All T Cells are CD4+ B- An epitope can have multiple antigens C- .T Cell receptors are generated by random assortment of gene cassettes D- .MHC Class II molecules are generated by random assortment of gene cassettes

Last Answer : .T Cell receptors are generated by random assortment of gene cassettes

cell receptors (or TCR) on CD4+ T cells A-recognize peptides not associated with MHC molecules B- recognize peptides associated with MHC class I moleculesC- recognize peptides associated with MHC class II molecules D- are secreted out into the environment to bind antigens

Description : cell receptors (or TCR) on CD4+ T cells A-recognize peptides not associated with MHC molecules B- recognize peptides associated with MHC class I moleculesC- recognize peptides associated with MHC class II molecules D- are secreted out into the environment to bind antigens

Last Answer : recognize peptides associated with MHC class II molecules

What disease is described by: "the toxin acts at the neuromuscular junction, preventing the release of neurotransmitters needed to inhibit muscle contraction." a. Botulism b. Tetanus c. The Plague d. A-C Are Correct

Description : What disease is described by: "the toxin acts at the neuromuscular junction, preventing the release of neurotransmitters needed to inhibit muscle contraction." a. Botulism b. Tetanus c. The Plague d. A-C Are Correct

Last Answer : b. Tetanus

Which of the following disease is not caused by microbial protein toxin? A.Botulism B.Diphtheria C.Shigella dysentery D.Tuberculosis

Description : Which of the following disease is not caused by microbial protein toxin? A.Botulism B.Diphtheria C.Shigella dysentery D.Tuberculosis

Last Answer : D.Tuberculosis

A characteristic of protein synthesis in both the archaea and eukarya is A.transcription and translation are coupled B.translation is inhibited by diphtheria toxin C.proteins are synthesized from D-, rather than L-, isomers of amino acids D.the initiator tRNA is charged with N-formyl- methionine

Description : A characteristic of protein synthesis in both the archaea and eukarya is A.transcription and translation are coupled B.translation is inhibited by diphtheria toxin C.proteins are synthesized from D-, ... L-, isomers of amino acids D.the initiator tRNA is charged with N-formyl- methionine

Last Answer : C.proteins are synthesized from

A characteristic of protein synthesis in both the archaea and eukarya is A- transcription and translation are coupled B- translation is inhibited by diphtheria toxin C- .proteins are synthesized from D-, rather than L-, isomers of amino acids D- the initiator tRNA is charged with N-formyl-methionine

Description : A characteristic of protein synthesis in both the archaea and eukarya is A- transcription and translation are coupled B- translation is inhibited by diphtheria toxin C- .proteins are synthesized from D-, rather than L-, isomers of amino acids D- the initiator tRNA is charged with N-formyl-methionine

Last Answer : .proteins are synthesized from D-, rather than L-, isomers of amino acids

Antigens and haptens have the following similarity: (A) They have high molecular weights (B) They can elicit immune response by themselves (C) They can elicit an immune response only in association with some other large molecule (D) Once an immune response develops, free antigen and free hapten can be recognized by the antibody

Description : Antigens and haptens have the following similarity: (A) They have high molecular weights (B) They can elicit immune response by themselves (C) They can elicit an immune response only in association ... ) Once an immune response develops, free antigen and free hapten can be recognized by the antibody

Last Answer : Answer : D

A person with 'AB' blood group is sometimes called a universal recipient because of the – (1) lack of antigen in his blood (2) lack of antibodies in his blood (3) lack of both antigens and antibodies in his blood (4) presence of antibodies in his blood

Description : A person with 'AB' blood group is sometimes called a universal recipient because of the – (1) lack of antigen in his blood (2) lack of antibodies in his blood (3) lack of both antigens and antibodies in his blood (4) presence of antibodies in his blood

Last Answer : (2) lack of antibodies in his blood

What is correct for blood group O? (a) No antigens but both a and b antibodies are present. (b) A antigen and b antibody present. (c) Antigen and antibody both absent. (d) A and B antigens and a, b antibodies present.

Description : What is correct for blood group O? (a) No antigens but both a and b antibodies are present. (b) A antigen and b antibody present. (c) Antigen and antibody both absent. (d) A and B antigens and a, b antibodies present.

Last Answer : (a) No antigens but both a and b antibodies are present.

Person with blood group AB is considered as universal recipient because he has (a) both A and B antigens on RBC but no antibodies in the plasma (b) both A and B antibodies in the plasma (c) no antigen on RBC and no antibody in the plasma (d) both A and B antigens in the plasma but no antibodies.

Description : Person with blood group AB is considered as universal recipient because he has (a) both A and B antigens on RBC but no antibodies in the plasma (b) both A and B antibodies in the plasma (c) no antigen on RBC and no antibody in the plasma (d) both A and B antigens in the plasma but no antibodies.

Last Answer : (a) both A and B antigens on RBC but no antibodies in the plasma

Clonal selection includes a. Antigen-receptor binding on B cells. b. Antibody secretion recognizing same epitope as on B cell receptors. c. Differentiation of B cells into plasma cells and memory cells. d. All the above (A—C) are correct.

Description : Clonal selection includes a. Antigen-receptor binding on B cells. b. Antibody secretion recognizing same epitope as on B cell receptors. c. Differentiation of B cells into plasma cells and memory cells. d. All the above (A—C) are correct.

Last Answer : d. All the above (A—C) are correct.

Which is not an antigen-presenting cell (or APC)? A- B cell B- .Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (or PMN) C- Dendritic cell D- All of the above

Description : Which is not an antigen-presenting cell (or APC)? A- B cell B- .Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (or PMN) C- Dendritic cell D- All of the above

Last Answer : .Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (or PMN)

The major histocompatibility complex of antigens may be found a. On the surface of body cells. b. Only on cells sensitized during allergy reactions. c. Only on cells involved in a xenograft. d. On cells stimulated by the urushiol in poison ivy plants.

Description : The major histocompatibility complex of antigens may be found a. On the surface of body cells. b. Only on cells sensitized during allergy reactions. c. Only on cells involved in a xenograft. d. On cells stimulated by the urushiol in poison ivy plants.

Last Answer : a. On the surface of body cells.

During the course of a cellular hypersensitivity a. Antibodies react with antigens in tissues. b. Serotonin and histamine are released by cells. c. Immune complexes form on blood vessel surfacesd. A skin thickening called an induration may form..

Description : During the course of a cellular hypersensitivity a. Antibodies react with antigens in tissues. b. Serotonin and histamine are released by cells. c. Immune complexes form on blood vessel surfaces. d. A skin thickening called an induration may form.

Last Answer : b. Serotonin and histamine are released by cells.

Hyperimmune serum is serum with a higher than normal level of _____. a. antigens b. antibodies c. toxins d. immune cells

Description : Hyperimmune serum is serum with a higher than normal level of _____. a. antigens b. antibodies c. toxins d. immune cells

Last Answer : b. antibodies

All forms of immunity depend on an exposure to antigens and a subsequent response by _____ cells. a. basophil b. neutrophil c. NK d. T

Description : All forms of immunity depend on an exposure to antigens and a subsequent response by _____ cells. a. basophil b. neutrophil c. NK d. T

Last Answer : d. T

Passive artificial immunity occurs in the body when a/an _____ is injected into the body or when a developing fetus receives antibodies across the placenta. a. antibody-rich serum b. antigens c. haptens d. adjuvant

Description : Passive artificial immunity occurs in the body when a/an _____ is injected into the body or when a developing fetus receives antibodies across the placenta. a. antibody-rich serum b. antigens c. haptens d. adjuvant

Last Answer : a. antibody-rich serum

When antigens are attached to the surface of latex beads and then reacted with an appropriate antibody, a/an reaction occurs. a. Inhibition b. Agglutination c. Neutralization d. Precipitation

Description : When antigens are attached to the surface of latex beads and then reacted with an appropriate antibody, a/an reaction occurs. a. Inhibition b. Agglutination c. Neutralization d. Precipitation

Last Answer : b. Agglutination

The serological reaction where antigens and antibodies form an extensive Lattice of large particles is called a. Fixation. b. Precipitation. c. Neutralization. d. Agglutination.

Description : The serological reaction where antigens and antibodies form an extensive Lattice of large particles is called a. Fixation. b. Precipitation. c. Neutralization. d. Agglutination.

Last Answer : c. Neutralization.

The unique sets of proteins that present antigens on the surfaces of body cells are a. MHC proteins. b. Cytokines. c. Complement proteins. d. Immunoglobulins.

Description : The unique sets of proteins that present antigens on the surfaces of body cells are a. MHC proteins. b. Cytokines. c. Complement proteins. d. Immunoglobulins.

Last Answer : b. Cytokines.

Antigens that bind directly to MHC proteins without any processing are known as _____. a. epitopes b. haptens c. superantigens d. naïve cells

Description : Antigens that bind directly to MHC proteins without any processing are known as _____. a. epitopes b. haptens c. superantigens d. naïve cells

Last Answer : c. superantigens

Which of the following is correct for isoantigens? A- They are antigens found in all members of different species B- They are antigens found in some members of a species C- They are antigens found in all members of a species D- They are antigens found in some members of different species

Description : Which of the following is correct for isoantigens? A- They are antigens found in all members of different species B- They are antigens found in some members of a species C- They are antigens found in all members of a species D- They are antigens found in some members of different species

Last Answer : They are antigens found in some members of a species

ICRISAT researchers have developed strategies to keep groundnut free of which toxins? 1. Aflatoxin 2. Fungi toxin 3. Bacterial toxin 4. Both a and b

Description : ICRISAT researchers have developed strategies to keep groundnut free of which toxins? 1. Aflatoxin 2. Fungi toxin 3. Bacterial toxin 4. Both a and b

Last Answer : 4. Both a and b

In Type I hypersensitivity the first dose of antigen is the _____. a. Immunizing Dose b. Sensitizing Dose c. Allergizing Dose d. Activating Dose

Description : In Type I hypersensitivity the first dose of antigen is the _____. a. Immunizing Dose b. Sensitizing Dose c. Allergizing Dose d. Activating Dose

Last Answer : b. Sensitizing Dose

Severe combined immunodeficiency disease refers to a condition wherein a patient a. Cannot produce T and B cells.b. Interferon. c. Antigen-presenting cells. d. Hydrogen peroxide in phagocytes

Description : Severe combined immunodeficiency disease refers to a condition wherein a patient a. Cannot produce T and B cells. b. Interferon. c. Antigen-presenting cells. d. Hydrogen peroxide in phagocytes

Last Answer : a. Cannot produce T and B cells.

What is the advantage of a recombinant subunit vaccine? a. it can't cause disease b. adverse reactions are rare because only the important subunits of the antigen are included c. the vaccine is not made from blood fragments d. A-C are correct

Description : What is the advantage of a recombinant subunit vaccine? a. it can't cause disease b. adverse reactions are rare because only the important subunits of the antigen are included c. the vaccine is not made from blood fragments d. A-C are correct

Last Answer : d. A-C are correct

Titer refers to a. The most concentrated antigen-antibody concentration showing a reaction.b. The first diluted antigen-antibody concentration showing a reaction. c. The precipitation line formed between an antigen-antibody reaction. d. The most dilute antigen-antibody concentration showing a reaction.

Description : Titer refers to a. The most concentrated antigen-antibody concentration showing a reaction. b. The first diluted antigen-antibody concentration showing a reaction. c. The precipitation line ... antigen-antibody reaction. d. The most dilute antigen-antibody concentration showing a reaction.

Last Answer : d. The most dilute antigen-antibody concentration showing a reaction.

_____ cells have antibodies on their surface that perform receptor functions by binding to antigen (epitope).a. T b. B c. NK d. A-C are correct

Description : _____ cells have antibodies on their surface that perform receptor functions by binding to antigen (epitope). a. T b. B c. NK d. A-C are correct

Last Answer : b. B

Acquired immunity usually involves protein receptors on B and T cells that recognize discrete regions of the antigen called _____. a. haptens b. epitopes c. antibodies d. protein receptors

Description : Acquired immunity usually involves protein receptors on B and T cells that recognize discrete regions of the antigen called _____. a. haptens b. epitopes c. antibodies d. protein receptors

Last Answer : b. epitopes

Performs and granzymes are found in a. Helper T cells. b. Antigen-presenting cells. c. Cytotoxic T cells. d. B cells.

Description : Performs and granzymes are found in a. Helper T cells. b. Antigen-presenting cells. c. Cytotoxic T cells. d. B cells.

Last Answer : c. Cytotoxic T cells.

An antigen binding site on the IgG antibody is a combination of a. One variable region from a light chain and one from a heavy chain. b. Two variable regions from two light chains. c. Two variable regions from two heavy chainsd. One variable region from a constant region and one from a variable region..

Description : An antigen binding site on the IgG antibody is a combination of a. One variable region from a light chain and one from a heavy chain. b. Two variable regions from two light chains. c. Two ... from two heavy chains. d. One variable region from a constant region and one from a variable region.

Last Answer : a. One variable region from a light chain and one from a heavy chain.

Macrophages are professional antigen- presenting cells. The protein molecule through which theypresent antigen in human is A.actin B.interleukin C.HLA D.CD8

Description : Macrophages are professional antigen- presenting cells. The protein molecule through which theypresent antigen in human is A.actin B.interleukin C.HLA D.CD8

Last Answer : D.CD8

Macrophages are professional antigen- presenting cells. The protein molecule through whichthey present antigen in human is A- actin B- nterleukin C- HLA D- .CD8

Description : Macrophages are professional antigen- presenting cells. The protein molecule through whichthey present antigen in human is A- actin B- nterleukin C- HLA D- .CD8

Last Answer : .CD8

Which of the following(s) is/are the determinants of antigenicity? A- Chemical nature B- Size of the antigen C- Foreignness D- All of these

Description : Which of the following(s) is/are the determinants of antigenicity? A- Chemical nature B- Size of the antigen C- Foreignness D- All of these

Last Answer : All of these

Chemically an antigen may be A- lipid B- protein C- polysaccharide D- any of these

Description : Chemically an antigen may be A- lipid B- protein C- polysaccharide D- any of these

Last Answer : any of these

CD8 surface antigen is present in A- cytotoxic T cells B- .suppresssor T cells C- both (a) and (b) D- none of these

Description : CD8 surface antigen is present in A- cytotoxic T cells B- .suppresssor T cells C- both (a) and (b) D- none of these

Last Answer : both (a) and (b)

Which of the following expresses CD3 surface antigen? A- Granulocytes B- T cells C- Monocytes D- B cells

Description : Which of the following expresses CD3 surface antigen? A- Granulocytes B- T cells C- Monocytes D- B cells

Last Answer : T cells

Numerous antibodies can be prepared, against one antigen, each binds to unique epitopes. How is this antibody diversity generated? A- By rearrangements of the DNA encoding the variable regions of the heavy and light chains B- By the combination of different heavy and light chains that form the antigen binding siteC- Antibody proteins can physically change their shape to bind different epitopes D- Both (a) and (b)

Description : Numerous antibodies can be prepared, against one antigen, each binds to unique epitopes. How is this antibody diversity generated? A- By rearrangements of the DNA encoding the variable regions of the heavy ... proteins can physically change their shape to bind different epitopes D- Both (a) and (b)

Last Answer : Both (a) and (b)